禮敬 彼 世尊 阿羅漢 正自覺者
中部
中分五十經篇
1. 居士品
1. Kandarakasuttaṃ
1. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ. Atha kho pesso [1] ca hatthārohaputto kandarako ca paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Kandarako pana paribbājako bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ [2] vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kandarako paribbājako tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ , bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama, yāvañcidaṃ bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṅgho paṭipādito! Yepi te, bho gotama, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṭipādesuṃ – seyyathāpi etarahi bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṅgho paṭipādito. Yepi te, bho gotama, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṭipādessanti – seyyathāpi etarahi bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṅgho paṭipādito’’ti.
2. ‘‘Evametaṃ , kandaraka, evametaṃ, kandaraka. Yepi te, kandaraka, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṭipādesuṃ – seyyathāpi etarahi mayā sammā bhikkhusaṅgho paṭipādito. Yepi te, kandaraka, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ paṭipādessanti – seyyathāpi etarahi mayā sammā bhikkhusaṅgho paṭipādito.
‘‘Santi hi, kandaraka, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe arahanto khīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanā sammadaññā vimuttā. Santi hi, kandaraka, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṅghe sekkhā santatasīlā santatavuttino nipakā nipakavuttino; te catūsu [3] satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā [4] viharanti. Katamesu catūsu? Idha, kandaraka, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassa’’nti.
3. Evaṃ vutte, pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāva supaññattā cime, bhante, bhagavatā cattāro satipaṭṭhānā sattānaṃ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṃ [5] samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya. Mayampi hi, bhante, gihī odātavasanā kālena kālaṃ imesu catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā viharāma. Idha mayaṃ, bhante, kāye kāyānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; citte cittānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; dhammesu dhammānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvañcidaṃ, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ manussagahane evaṃ manussakasaṭe evaṃ manussasāṭheyye vattamāne sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ jānāti. Gahanañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ manussā; uttānakañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ pasavo. Ahañhi, bhante, pahomi hatthidammaṃ sāretuṃ. Yāvatakena antarena campaṃ gatāgataṃ karissati sabbāni tāni sāṭheyyāni kūṭeyyāni vaṅkeyyāni jimheyyāni pātukarissati. Amhākaṃ pana, bhante, dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā aññathāva kāyena samudācaranti aññathāva vācāya aññathāva nesaṃ cittaṃ hoti. Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Yāvañcidaṃ, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ manussagahane evaṃ manussakasaṭe evaṃ manussasāṭheyye vattamāne sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ jānāti. Gahanañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ manussā; uttānakañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ pasavo’’ti.
4. ‘‘Evametaṃ, pessa, evametaṃ, pessa. Gahanañhetaṃ , pessa, yadidaṃ manussā; uttānakañhetaṃ, pessa, yadidaṃ pasavo. Cattārome, pessa, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, pessa, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto ; idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. So anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto [6] sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati. Imesaṃ, pessa, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ katamo te puggalo cittaṃ ārādhetī’’ti?
‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, ayaṃ me puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto , ayampi me puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, ayampi me puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yo ca kho ayaṃ, bhante, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati – ayameva [7] me puggalo cittaṃ ārādhetī’’ti.
5. ‘‘Kasmā pana te, pessa, ime tayo puggalā cittaṃ nārādhentī’’ti? ‘‘Yvāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so attānaṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ ātāpeti paritāpeti – iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so paraṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ ātāpeti paritāpeti – iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so attānañca parañca sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ [8] ātāpeti paritāpeti – iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. Yo ca kho ayaṃ, bhante, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā [9] viharati; so attānañca parañca sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ neva ātāpeti na paritāpeti – iminā [10] me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ ārādheti. Handa, ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma; bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, pessa, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti. Atha kho pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi.
6. Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkante pesse hatthārohaputte bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘paṇḍito, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto. Sace, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto muhuttaṃ nisīdeyya yāvassāhaṃ ime cattāro puggale vitthārena vibhajissāmi [11], mahatā atthena saṃyutto abhavissa. Api ca, bhikkhave, ettāvatāpi pesso hatthārohaputto mahatā atthena saṃyutto’’ti. ‘‘Etassa, bhagavā, kālo, etassa, sugata, kālo, yaṃ bhagavā ime cattāro puggale vitthārena vibhajeyya. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca –
7. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano [12] naehibhaddantiko natiṭṭhabhaddantiko [13]; nābhihaṭaṃ na uddissakataṃ na nimantanaṃ sādiyati; so na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti na kaḷopimukhā [14] paṭiggaṇhāti na eḷakamantaraṃ na daṇḍamantaraṃ na musalamantaraṃ na dvinnaṃ bhuñjamānānaṃ na gabbhiniyā na pāyamānāya na purisantaragatāya na saṅkittīsu na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī; na macchaṃ na maṃsaṃ na suraṃ na merayaṃ na thusodakaṃ pivati. So ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko…pe… sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko; ekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti…pe… sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti; ekāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, dvīhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti…pe… sattāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti – iti evarūpaṃ aḍḍhamāsikaṃ pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. So sākabhakkho vā hoti, sāmākabhakkho vā hoti, nīvārabhakkho vā hoti, daddulabhakkho vā hoti, haṭabhakkho vā hoti, kaṇabhakkho vā hoti, ācāmabhakkho vā hoti, piññākabhakkho vā hoti, tiṇabhakkho vā hoti, gomayabhakkho vā hoti; vanamūlaphalāhāro yāpeti pavattaphalabhojī. So sāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṃsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhampi dhāreti; kesamassulocakopi hoti, kesamassulocanānuyogamanuyutto, ubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsanapaṭikkhitto, ukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto, kaṇṭakāpassayikopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṃ kappeti [15]; sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati – iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
8. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo orabbhiko hoti sūkariko sākuṇiko māgaviko luddo macchaghātako coro coraghātako goghātako bandhanāgāriko ye vā panaññepi keci kurūrakammantā. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
9. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo rājā vā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto brāhmaṇo vā mahāsālo. So puratthimena nagarassa navaṃ santhāgāraṃ [16] kārāpetvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kharājinaṃ nivāsetvā sappitelena kāyaṃ abbhañjitvā magavisāṇena piṭṭhiṃ kaṇḍuvamāno navaṃ santhāgāraṃ pavisati saddhiṃ mahesiyā brāhmaṇena ca purohitena. So tattha anantarahitāya bhūmiyā haritupalittāya seyyaṃ kappeti. Ekissāya gāviyā sarūpavacchāya yaṃ ekasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena rājā yāpeti, yaṃ dutiyasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena mahesī yāpeti, yaṃ tatiyasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena brāhmaṇo purohito yāpeti , yaṃ catutthasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena aggiṃ juhati, avasesena vacchako yāpeti. So evamāha – ‘ettakā usabhā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatarā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatariyo haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā ajā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā urabbhā haññantu yaññatthāya, (ettakā assā haññantu yaññatthāya) [17], ettakā rukkhā chijjantu yūpatthāya, ettakā dabbhā lūyantu barihisatthāyā’ti [18]. Yepissa te honti dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā tepi daṇḍatajjitā bhayatajjitā assumukhā rudamānā parikammāni karonti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
10. ‘‘Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyya’nti . So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya , mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā, kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati.
11. ‘‘So evaṃ pabbajito samāno bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho, lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. Adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharati. Abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī hoti ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya – iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. Samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. So bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti, ekabhattiko hoti rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā; naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti; mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti; uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti; jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti; kayavikkayā paṭivirato hoti; tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭivirato hoti; ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā [19] paṭivirato hoti; chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato hoti [20].
‘‘So santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. Seyyathāpi nāma pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti, sapattabhārova ḍeti; evameva bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati . So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
12. ‘‘So cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
‘‘So abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī hoti, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī hoti, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī hoti, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī hoti, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī hoti, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti.
13. ‘‘So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, (imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato,) [21] iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti, byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti; thīnamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathīnamiddho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thīnamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti; uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti; vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti.
‘‘So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe, vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti – ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati ; sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
14. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe – ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṃgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
15. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti – ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
16. ‘‘So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti . ‘Ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto . So attantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī’’ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Kandarakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.
2. Aṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṃ
17. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake [22]. Tena kho pana samayena dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtaṃ anuppatto hoti kenacideva karaṇīyena. Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro yena kukkuṭārāmo yena aññataro bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ bhikkhuṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kahaṃ nu kho, bhante, āyasmā ānando etarahi viharati? Dassanakāmā hi mayaṃ taṃ āyasmantaṃ ānanda’’nti. ‘‘Eso, gahapati, āyasmā ānando vesāliyaṃ viharati beluvagāmake’’ti. Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputte taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena vesālī yena beluvagāmako yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
18. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘atthi nu kho, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti , ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti?
‘‘Atthi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
‘‘Katamo pana, bhante ānanda, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti?
19. ‘‘Idha, gahapati, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
20. ‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘idampi kho catutthaṃ jhānaṃ abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ [23]. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena [24] pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho mettācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho upekkhācetovimutti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’ntntti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito…pe… anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇāti.
‘‘Puna caparaṃ, gahapati, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘ayampi kho ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpatti abhisaṅkhatā abhisañcetayitā. Yaṃ kho pana kiñci abhisaṅkhataṃ abhisañcetayitaṃ tadaniccaṃ nirodhadhamma’nti pajānāti. So tattha ṭhito āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti. No ce āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpuṇāti, teneva dhammarāgena tāya dhammanandiyā pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti tattha parinibbāyī anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā. Ayampi kho, gahapati, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ekadhammo akkhāto yattha bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato avimuttañceva cittaṃ vimuccati, aparikkhīṇā ca āsavā parikkhayaṃ gacchanti, ananuppattañca anuttaraṃ yogakkhemaṃ anupāpuṇātī’’ti.
21. Evaṃ vutte, dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhante ānanda, puriso ekaṃva nidhimukhaṃ gavesanto sakideva ekādasa nidhimukhāni adhigaccheyya; evameva kho ahaṃ, bhante, ekaṃ amatadvāraṃ gavesanto sakideva [25] ekādasa amatadvārāni alatthaṃ bhāvanāya. Seyyathāpi, bhante, purisassa agāraṃ ekādasadvāraṃ, so tasmiṃ agāre āditte ekamekenapi dvārena sakkuṇeyya attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ; evameva kho ahaṃ, bhante, imesaṃ ekādasannaṃ amatadvārānaṃ ekamekenapi amatadvārena sakkuṇissāmi attānaṃ sotthiṃ kātuṃ. Imehi nāma, bhante, aññatitthiyā ācariyassa ācariyadhanaṃ pariyesissanti, kimaṅgaṃ [26] panāhaṃ āyasmato ānandassa pūjaṃ na karissāmī’’ti ! Atha kho dasamo gahapati aṭṭhakanāgaro pāṭaliputtakañca vesālikañca bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi, ekamekañca bhikkhuṃ paccekaṃ dussayugena acchādesi, āyasmantañca ānandaṃ ticīvarena acchādesi, āyasmato ca ānandassa pañcasatavihāraṃ kārāpesīti.
Aṭṭhakanāgarasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dutiyaṃ.
3. Sekhasuttaṃ
22. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena kāpilavatthavānaṃ [27] sakyānaṃ navaṃ santhāgāraṃ acirakāritaṃ hoti anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ [28] samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Atha kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘idha, bhante, kāpilavatthavānaṃ sakyānaṃ navaṃ santhāgāraṃ acirakāritaṃ [29] anajjhāvuṭṭhaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā kenaci vā manussabhūtena. Taṃ, bhante, bhagavā paṭhamaṃ paribhuñjatu. Bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ paribhuttaṃ pacchā kāpilavatthavā sakyā paribhuñjissanti. Tadassa kāpilavatthavānaṃ sakyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā’’ti . Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena navaṃ santhāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā sabbasanthariṃ santhāgāraṃ [30] santharitvā āsanāni paññapetvā udakamaṇikaṃ upaṭṭhapetvā telappadīpaṃ āropetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho kāpilavatthavā sakyā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘sabbasanthariṃ santhataṃ, bhante, santhāgāraṃ, āsanāni paññattāni, udakamaṇiko upaṭṭhāpito, telappadīpo āropito. Yassadāni, bhante , bhagavā kālaṃ maññatī’’ti. Atha kho bhagavā nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena yena santhāgāraṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā pāde pakkhāletvā santhāgāraṃ pavisitvā majjhimaṃ thambhaṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi. Bhikkhusaṅghopi kho pāde pakkhāletvā santhāgāraṃ pavisitvā pacchimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya puratthābhimukho nisīdi, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Kāpilavatthavāpi kho sakyā pāde pakkhāletvā santhāgāraṃ pavisitvā puratthimaṃ bhittiṃ nissāya pacchimābhimukhā nisīdiṃsu, bhagavantaṃyeva purakkhatvā. Atha kho bhagavā kāpilavatthave sakye bahudeva rattiṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘paṭibhātu taṃ, ānanda, kāpilavatthavānaṃ sakyānaṃ sekho pāṭipado [31]. Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati; tamahaṃ āyamissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho āyasmā ānando bhagavato paccassosi. Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi, pāde pādaṃ accādhāya, sato sampajāno, uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā.
23. Atha kho āyasmā ānando mahānāmaṃ sakkaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘idha , mahānāma, ariyasāvako sīlasampanno hoti, indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti, sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti, catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.
24. ‘‘Kathañca, mahānāma , ariyasāvako sīlasampanno hoti? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sīlasampanno hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, mahānāma, ariyasāvako indriyesu guttadvāro hoti? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā…pe… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā…pe… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā…pe… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā…pe… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati . Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako indriyesu guttadvāro hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, mahānāma, ariyasāvako bhojane mattaññū hoti? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako paṭisaṅkhā yoniso āhāraṃ āhāreti – ‘neva davāya na madāya na maṇḍanāya na vibhūsanāya; yāvadeva imassa kāyassa ṭhitiyā yāpanāya vihiṃsūparatiyā brahmacariyānuggahāya . Iti purāṇañca vedanaṃ paṭihaṅkhāmi, navañca vedanaṃ na uppādessāmi, yātrā ca me bhavissati anavajjatā ca phāsuvihāro cā’ti. Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako bhojane mattaññū hoti.
‘‘Kathañca, mahānāma, ariyasāvako jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti, rattiyā paṭhamaṃ yāmaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti, rattiyā majjhimaṃ yāmaṃ dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti, pāde pādaṃ accādhāya, sato sampajāno, uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā, rattiyā pacchimaṃ yāmaṃ paccuṭṭhāya caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodheti. Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti.
25. ‘‘Kathañca, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ – ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Hirimā hoti, hirīyati kāyaduccaritena vacīduccaritena manoduccaritena, hirīyati pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā. Ottappī hoti, ottappati kāyaduccaritena vacīduccaritena manoduccaritena, ottappati pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ samāpattiyā. Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā majjhekalyāṇā pariyosānakalyāṇā sātthā sabyañjanā kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā [32] honti dhātā [33] vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. Āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. Satimā hoti, paramena satinepakkena samannāgato, cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. Paññavā hoti, udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato, ariyāya nibbedhikāya sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti.
26. ‘‘Kathañca , mahānāma, ariyasāvako catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī? Idha, mahānāma, ariyasāvako vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi, savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī.
27. ‘‘Yato kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako evaṃ sīlasampanno hoti, evaṃ indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, evaṃ bhojane mattaññū hoti, evaṃ jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti, evaṃ sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti, evaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sekho pāṭipado apuccaṇḍatāya samāpanno, bhabbo abhinibbhidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya. Seyyathāpi, mahānāma, kukkuṭiyā aṇḍāni aṭṭha vā dasa vā dvādasa vā tānāssu kukkuṭiyā sammā adhisayitāni sammā pariseditāni sammā paribhāvitāni, kiñcāpi tassā kukkuṭiyā na evaṃ icchā uppajjeyya – ‘aho vatime kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjeyyu’nti, atha kho bhabbāva te kukkuṭapotakā pādanakhasikhāya vā mukhatuṇḍakena vā aṇḍakosaṃ padāletvā sotthinā abhinibbhijjituṃ. Evameva kho, mahānāma, yato ariyasāvako evaṃ sīlasampanno hoti, evaṃ indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, evaṃ bhojane mattaññū hoti, evaṃ jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti, evaṃ sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti, evaṃ catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sekho pāṭipado apuccaṇḍatāya samāpanno , bhabbo abhinibbhidāya, bhabbo sambodhāya, bhabbo anuttarassa yogakkhemassa adhigamāya.
28. ‘‘Sa kho so, mahānāma, ariyasāvako imaṃyeva anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, ayamassa paṭhamābhinibbhidā hoti kukkuṭacchāpakasseva aṇḍakosamhā.
‘‘Sa kho so, mahānāma, ariyasāvako imaṃye anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, ayamassa dutiyābhinibbhidā hoti kukkuṭacchāpakasseva aṇḍakosamhā.
‘‘Sa kho so, mahānāma, ariyasāvako imaṃyeva anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, ayamassa tatiyābhinibbhidā hoti kukkuṭacchāpakasseva aṇḍakosamhā.
29. ‘‘Yampi [34], mahānāma, ariyasāvako sīlasampanno hoti, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako indriyesu guttadvāro hoti, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako bhojane mattaññū hoti, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako jāgariyaṃ anuyutto hoti, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako sattahi saddhammehi samannāgato hoti, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ ābhicetasikānaṃ diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārānaṃ nikāmalābhī hoti akicchalābhī akasiralābhī, idampissa hoti caraṇasmiṃ.
‘‘Yañca kho, mahānāma, ariyasāvako anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, idampissa hoti vijjāya; yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti, idampissa hoti vijjāya. Yampi, mahānāma, ariyasāvako āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati, idampissa hoti vijjāya.
‘‘Ayaṃ vuccati, mahānāma, ariyasāvako vijjāsampanno itipi caraṇasampanno itipi vijjācaraṇasampanno itipi.
30. ‘‘Brahmunāpesā, mahānāma, sanaṅkumārena gāthā bhāsitā –
‘Khattiyo seṭṭho janetasmiṃ, ye gottapaṭisārino;
Vijjācaraṇasampanno, so seṭṭho devamānuse’ti.
‘‘Sā kho panesā, mahānāma, brahmunā sanaṅkumārena gāthā sugītā no duggītā, subhāsitā no dubbhāsitā, atthasaṃhitā no anatthasaṃhitā, anumatā bhagavatā’’ti.
Atha kho bhagavā uṭṭhahitvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, ānanda, sādhu kho tvaṃ, ānanda, kāpilavatthavānaṃ sakyānaṃ sekhaṃ pāṭipadaṃ abhāsī’’ti.
Idamavocāyasmā ānando. Samanuñño satthā ahosi. Attamanā kāpilavatthavā sakyā āyasmato ānandassa bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Sekhasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ tatiyaṃ.
4. Potaliyasuttaṃ
31. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā aṅguttarāpesu viharati āpaṇaṃ nāma aṅguttarāpānaṃ nigamo. Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āpaṇaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Āpaṇe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yenaññataro vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami divāvihārāya. Taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā [35] aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṃ nisīdi. Potaliyopi kho gahapati sampannanivāsanapāvuraṇo [36] chattupāhanāhi [37] jaṅghāvihāraṃ anucaṅkamamāno anuvicaramāno yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho potaliyaṃ gahapatiṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saṃvijjanti kho, gahapati, āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi nisīdā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, potaliyo gahapati ‘‘gahapativādena maṃ samaṇo gotamo samudācaratī’’ti kupito anattamano tuṇhī ahosi. Dutiyampi kho bhagavā…pe… tatiyampi kho bhagavā potaliyaṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṃvijjanti kho, gahapati, āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi nisīdā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ vutte, potaliyo gahapati gahapativādena maṃ samaṇo gotamo samudācaratī’’ti kupito anattamano bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tayidaṃ, bho gotama, nacchannaṃ, tayidaṃ nappatirūpaṃ, yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ gahapativādena samudācarasī’’ti. ‘‘Te hi te, gahapati, ākārā, te liṅgā , te nimittā yathā taṃ gahapatissā’’ti. ‘‘Tathā hi pana me, bho gotama, sabbe kammantā paṭikkhittā, sabbe vohārā samucchinnā’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, gahapati, sabbe kammantā paṭikkhittā, sabbe vohārā samucchinnā’’ti? ‘‘Idha me, bho gotama, yaṃ ahosi dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ puttānaṃ dāyajjaṃ niyyātaṃ, tatthāhaṃ anovādī anupavādī ghāsacchādanaparamo viharāmi. Evaṃ kho me [38], bho gotama, sabbe kammantā paṭikkhittā, sabbe vohārā samucchinnā’’ti. ‘‘Aññathā kho tvaṃ, gahapati, vohārasamucchedaṃ vadasi, aññathā ca pana ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedo hoti? Sādhu me, bhante , bhagavā tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho potaliyo gahapati bhagavato paccassosi.
32. Bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘aṭṭha kho ime, gahapati, dhammā ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedāya saṃvattanti. Katame aṭṭha? Apāṇātipātaṃ nissāya pāṇātipāto pahātabbo; dinnādānaṃ nissāya adinnādānaṃ pahātabbaṃ; saccavācaṃ [39] nissāya musāvādo pahātabbo; apisuṇaṃ vācaṃ nissāya pisuṇā vācā pahātabbā; agiddhilobhaṃ nissāya giddhilobho pahātabbo; anindārosaṃ nissāya nindāroso pahātabbo; akkodhūpāyāsaṃ nissāya kodhūpāyāso pahātabbo; anatimānaṃ nissāya atimāno pahātabbo. Ime kho, gahapati, aṭṭha dhammā saṃkhittena vuttā, vitthārena avibhattā, ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedāya saṃvattantī’’ti. ‘‘Ye me [40], bhante, bhagavatā aṭṭha dhammā saṃkhittena vuttā, vitthārena avibhattā, ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedāya saṃvattanti, sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā ime aṭṭha dhamme vitthārena [41] vibhajatu anukampaṃ upādāyā’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho potaliyo gahapati bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
33. ‘‘‘Apāṇātipātaṃ nissāya pāṇātipāto pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu pāṇātipātī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva [42] kho pana pāṇātipātī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya pāṇātipātapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū [43] garaheyyuṃ pāṇātipātapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā pāṇātipātapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ pāṇātipāto. Ye ca pāṇātipātapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, pāṇātipātā paṭiviratassa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Apāṇātipātaṃ nissāya pāṇātipāto pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
34. ‘‘‘Dinnādānaṃ nissāya adinnādānaṃ pahātabba’nti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu adinnādāyī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana adinnādāyī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya adinnādānapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ adinnādānapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā adinnādānapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ adinnādānaṃ. Ye ca adinnādānapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā adinnādānā paṭiviratassa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Dinnādānaṃ nissāya adinnādānaṃ pahātabba’nti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
35. ‘‘‘Saccavācaṃ nissāya musāvādo pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu musāvādī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana musāvādī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya musāvādapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ musāvādapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā musāvādapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ musāvādo . Ye ca musāvādapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, musāvādā paṭiviratassa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Saccavācaṃ nissāya musāvādo pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
36. ‘‘‘Apisuṇaṃ vācaṃ nissāya pisuṇā vācā pahātabbā’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu pisuṇavāco assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana pisuṇavāco assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya pisuṇavācāpaccayā , anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ pisuṇavācāpaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā pisuṇavācāpaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ pisuṇā vācā. Ye ca pisuṇavācāpaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratassa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Apisuṇaṃ vācaṃ nissāya pisuṇā vācā pahātabbā’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
37. ‘‘‘Agiddhilobhaṃ nissāya giddhilobho pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu giddhilobhī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana giddhilobhī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya giddhilobhapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ giddhilobhapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā giddhilobhapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ giddhilobho. Ye ca giddhilobhapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, giddhilobhā paṭiviratassa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Agiddhilobhaṃ nissāya giddhilobho pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
38. ‘‘‘Anindārosaṃ nissāya nindāroso pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu nindārosī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana nindārosī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya nindārosapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ nindārosapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā nindārosapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ nindāroso. Ye ca nindārosapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, anindārosissa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Anindārosaṃ nissāya nindāroso pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
39. ‘‘‘Akkodhūpāyāsaṃ nissāya kodhūpāyāso pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu kodhūpāyāsī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana kodhūpāyāsī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya kodhūpāyāsapaccayā , anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ kodhūpāyāsapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā kodhūpāyāsapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ kodhūpāyāso. Ye ca kodhūpāyāsapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, akkodhūpāyāsissa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Akkodhūpāyāsaṃ nissāya kodhūpāyāso pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
40. ‘‘‘Anatimānaṃ nissāya atimāno pahātabbo’ti iti kho panetaṃ vuttaṃ, kiñcetaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ? Idha, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yesaṃ kho ahaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ hetu atimānī assaṃ, tesāhaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ pahānāya samucchedāya paṭipanno. Ahañceva kho pana atimānī assaṃ, attāpi maṃ upavadeyya atimānapaccayā, anuviccāpi maṃ viññū garaheyyuṃ atimānapaccayā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā duggati pāṭikaṅkhā atimānapaccayā. Etadeva kho pana saṃyojanaṃ etaṃ nīvaraṇaṃ yadidaṃ atimāno. Ye ca atimānapaccayā uppajjeyyuṃ āsavā vighātapariḷāhā, anatimānissa evaṃsa te āsavā vighātapariḷāhā na honti’. ‘Anatimānaṃ nissāya atimāno pahātabbo’ti – iti yantaṃ vuttaṃ idametaṃ paṭicca vuttaṃ.
41. ‘‘Ime kho, gahapati, aṭṭha dhammā saṃkhittena vuttā, vitthārena vibhattā [44], ye ariyassa vinaye vohārasamucchedāya saṃvattanti; na tveva tāva ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo hotī’’ti.
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana, bhante, ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo hoti? Sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā tathā dhammaṃ desetu yathā ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo hotī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, gahapati, suṇāhi, sādhukaṃ manasi karohi, bhāsissāmī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho potaliyo gahapati bhagavato paccassosi. Bhagavā etadavoca –
Kāmādīnavakathā
42. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , gahapati, kukkuro jighacchādubbalyapareto goghātakasūnaṃ paccupaṭṭhito assa. Tamenaṃ dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ upasumbheyya [45]. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, api nu kho so kukkuro amuṃ aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ palehanto jighacchādubbalyaṃ paṭivineyyā’’ti?
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’?
‘‘Aduñhi, bhante, aṭṭhikaṅkalaṃ sunikkantaṃ nikkantaṃ nimmaṃsaṃ lohitamakkhitaṃ. Yāvadeva pana so kukkuro kilamathassa vighātassa bhāgī assāti. Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā [46], ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā taṃ abhinivajjetvā, yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā yattha sabbaso lokāmisūpādānā aparisesā nirujjhanti tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
43. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, gahapati, gijjho vā kaṅko vā kulalo vā maṃsapesiṃ ādāya uḍḍīyeyya [47]. Tamenaṃ gijjhāpi kaṅkāpi kulalāpi anupatitvā anupatitvā vitaccheyyuṃ vissajjeyyuṃ [48]. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, sace so gijjho vā kaṅko vā kulalo vā taṃ maṃsapesiṃ na khippameva paṭinissajjeyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘maṃsapesūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā taṃ abhinivajjetvā yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā yattha sabbaso lokāmisūpādānā aparisesā nirujjhanti tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
44. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ ādāya paṭivātaṃ gaccheyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, sace so puriso taṃ ādittaṃ tiṇukkaṃ na khippameva paṭinissajjeyya tassa sā ādittā tiṇukkā hatthaṃ vā daheyya bāhuṃ vā daheyya aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅgaṃ [49] daheyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘tiṇukkūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
45. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , gahapati, aṅgārakāsu sādhikaporisā, pūrā aṅgārānaṃ vītaccikānaṃ vītadhūmānaṃ. Atha puriso āgaccheyya jīvitukāmo amaritukāmo sukhakāmo dukkhappaṭikkūlo. Tamenaṃ dve balavanto purisā nānābāhāsu gahetvā aṅgārakāsuṃ upakaḍḍheyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, api nu so puriso iticiticeva kāyaṃ sannāmeyyā’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’?
‘‘Viditañhi , bhante, tassa purisassa imañcāhaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃ papatissāmi, tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigacchissāmi maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘aṅgārakāsūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
46. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , gahapati, puriso supinakaṃ passeyya ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇirāmaṇeyyakaṃ. So paṭibuddho na kiñci paṭipasseyya [50]. Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘supinakūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
47. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso yācitakaṃ bhogaṃ yācitvā yānaṃ vā [51] poriseyyaṃ [52] pavaramaṇikuṇḍalaṃ. So tehi yācitakehi bhogehi purakkhato parivuto antarāpaṇaṃ paṭipajjeyya. Tamenaṃ jano disvā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘bhogī vata, bho, puriso, evaṃ kira bhogino bhogāni bhuñjantī’ti. Tamenaṃ sāmikā yattha yattheva passeyyuṃ tattha tattheva sāni hareyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, alaṃ nu kho tassa purisassa aññathattāyā’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’?
‘‘Sāmino hi, bhante, sāni harantī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yācitakūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti…pe… tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
48. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, gahapati, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre tibbo vanasaṇḍo. Tatrassa rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo [53] ca, na cassu kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni. Atha puriso āgaccheyya phalatthiko phalagavesī phalapariyesanaṃ caramāno. So taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā taṃ rukkhaṃ passeyya sampannaphalañca upapannaphalañca. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo ca, natthi ca kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni. Jānāmi kho panāhaṃ rukkhaṃ ārohituṃ [54]. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ rukkhaṃ ārohitvā yāvadatthañca khādeyyaṃ ucchaṅgañca pūreyya’nti. So taṃ rukkhaṃ ārohitvā yāvadatthañca khādeyya ucchaṅgañca pūreyya. Atha dutiyo puriso āgaccheyya phalatthiko phalagavesī phalapariyesanaṃ caramāno tiṇhaṃ kuṭhāriṃ [55] ādāya. So taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā taṃ rukkhaṃ passeyya sampannaphalañca upapannaphalañca. Tassa evamassa – ‘ayaṃ kho rukkho sampannaphalo ca upapannaphalo ca, natthi ca kānici phalāni bhūmiyaṃ patitāni. Na kho panāhaṃ jānāmi rukkhaṃ ārohituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ rukkhaṃ mūlato chetvā yāvadatthañca khādeyyaṃ ucchaṅgañca pūreyya’nti. So taṃ rukkhaṃ mūlatova chindeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, amuko [56] yo so puriso paṭhamaṃ rukkhaṃ ārūḷho sace so na khippameva oroheyya tassa so rukkho papatanto hatthaṃ vā bhañjeyya pādaṃ vā bhañjeyya aññataraṃ vā aññataraṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅgaṃ bhañjeyya, so tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkha’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Evameva kho, gahapati, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘rukkhaphalūpamā kāmā vuttā bhagavatā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā, ādīnavo ettha bhiyyo’ti. Evametaṃ yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya disvā yāyaṃ upekkhā nānattā nānattasitā taṃ abhinivajjetvā yāyaṃ upekkhā ekattā ekattasitā yattha sabbaso lokāmisūpādānā aparisesā nirujjhanti tamevūpekkhaṃ bhāveti.
49. ‘‘Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako imaṃyeva anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ – ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo…pe… iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
‘‘Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako imaṃyeva anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate…pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
‘‘Sa kho so, gahapati, ariyasāvako imaṃyeva anuttaraṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ āgamma āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. Ettāvatā kho, gahapati, ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo hoti.
50. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, yathā ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo hoti, api nu tvaṃ evarūpaṃ vohārasamucchedaṃ attani samanupassasī’’ti? ‘‘Ko cāhaṃ, bhante, ko ca ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedo! Ārakā ahaṃ, bhante, ariyassa vinaye sabbena sabbaṃ sabbathā sabbaṃ vohārasamucchedā. Mayañhi, bhante, pubbe aññatitthiye paribbājake anājānīyeva samāne ājānīyāti amaññimha, anājānīyeva samāne ājānīyabhojanaṃ bhojimha, anājānīyeva samāne ājānīyaṭhāne ṭhapimha; bhikkhū pana mayaṃ, bhante, ājānīyeva samāne anājānīyāti amaññimha, ājānīyeva samāne anājānīyabhojanaṃ bhojimha, ājānīyeva samāne anājānīyaṭhāne ṭhapimha; idāni pana mayaṃ, bhante, aññatitthiye paribbājake anājānīyeva samāne anājānīyāti jānissāma, anājānīyeva samāne anājānīyabhojanaṃ bhojessāma, anājānīyeva samāne anājānīyaṭhāne ṭhapessāma. Bhikkhū pana mayaṃ, bhante, ājānīyeva samāne ājānīyāti jānissāma ājānīyeva samāne ājānīyabhojanaṃ bhojessāma, ājānīyeva samāne ājānīyaṭhāne ṭhapessāma. Ajanesi vata me, bhante, bhagavā samaṇesu samaṇappemaṃ, samaṇesu samaṇappasādaṃ, samaṇesu samaṇagāravaṃ. Abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante ! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya, cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evamevaṃ kho, bhante, bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
Potaliyasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ catutthaṃ.
5. Jīvakasuttaṃ
51. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati jīvakassa komārabhaccassa ambavane. Atha kho jīvako komārabhacco yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi . Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jīvako komārabhacco bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhanti [57], taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ [58] maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’nti. Ye te, bhante, evamāhaṃsu – ‘samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhanti, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’nti, kacci te, bhante, bhagavato vuttavādino, na ca bhagavantaṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti, dhammassa cānudhammaṃ byākaronti, na ca koci sahadhammiko vādānuvādo gārayhaṃ ṭhānaṃ āgacchatī’’ti?
52. ‘‘Ye te, jīvaka, evamāhaṃsu – ‘samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhanti, taṃ samaṇo gotamo jānaṃ uddissakataṃ maṃsaṃ paribhuñjati paṭiccakamma’nti na me te vuttavādino, abbhācikkhanti ca maṃ te asatā abhūtena. Tīhi kho ahaṃ, jīvaka, ṭhānehi maṃsaṃ aparibhoganti vadāmi. Diṭṭhaṃ, sutaṃ, parisaṅkitaṃ – imehi kho ahaṃ, jīvaka , tīhi ṭhānehi maṃsaṃ aparibhoganti vadāmi. Tīhi kho ahaṃ, jīvaka, ṭhānehi maṃsaṃ paribhoganti vadāmi. Adiṭṭhaṃ, asutaṃ, aparisaṅkitaṃ – imehi kho ahaṃ, jīvaka, tīhi ṭhānehi maṃsaṃ paribhoganti vadāmi.
53. ‘‘Idha, jīvaka, bhikkhu aññataraṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati. So mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Tamenaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti. Ākaṅkhamānova [59], jīvaka, bhikkhu adhivāseti . So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena tassa gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati. Tamenaṃ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena parivisati. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘sādhu vata māyaṃ [60] gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyāti! Aho vata māyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyā’ti – evampissa na hoti. So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ agathito [61] amucchito anajjhopanno [62] ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, jīvaka , api nu so bhikkhu tasmiṃ samaye attabyābādhāya vā ceteti, parabyābādhāya vā ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāya vā cetetī’’ti?
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Nanu so, jīvaka, bhikkhu tasmiṃ samaye anavajjaṃyeva āhāraṃ āhāretī’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante. Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘brahmā mettāvihārī’ti. Taṃ me idaṃ, bhante, bhagavā sakkhidiṭṭho; bhagavā hi, bhante, mettāvihārī’’ti. ‘‘Yena kho, jīvaka, rāgena yena dosena yena mohena byāpādavā assa so rāgo so doso so moho tathāgatassa pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato [63] āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Sace kho te, jīvaka, idaṃ sandhāya bhāsitaṃ anujānāmi te eta’’nti. ‘‘Etadeva kho pana me, bhante, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ’’ [64].
54. ‘‘Idha, jīvaka, bhikkhu aññataraṃ gāmaṃ vā nigamaṃ vā upanissāya viharati. So karuṇāsahagatena cetasā…pe… muditāsahagatena cetasā…pe… upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ. Iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. Tamenaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā upasaṅkamitvā svātanāya bhattena nimanteti. Ākaṅkhamānova, jīvaka, bhikkhu adhivāseti. So tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena gahapatissa vā gahapatiputtassa vā nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamati; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdati. Tamenaṃ so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena parivisati. Tassa na evaṃ hoti – ‘sādhu vata māyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyāti! Aho vata māyaṃ gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā āyatimpi evarūpena paṇītena piṇḍapātena pariviseyyā’ti – evampissa na hoti. So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ agathito amucchito anajjhopanno ādīnavadassāvī nissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, jīvaka, api nu so bhikkhu tasmiṃ samaye attabyābādhāya vā ceteti, parabyābādhāya vā ceteti, ubhayabyābādhāya vā cetetī’’ti?
‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’.
‘‘Nanu so, jīvaka, bhikkhu tasmiṃ samaye anavajjaṃyeva āhāraṃ āhāretī’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante. Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante – ‘brahmā upekkhāvihārī’ti. Taṃ me idaṃ, bhante, bhagavā sakkhidiṭṭho; bhagavā hi, bhante, upekkhāvihārī’’ti. ‘‘Yena kho, jīvaka, rāgena yena dosena yena mohena vihesavā assa arativā assa paṭighavā assa so rāgo so doso so moho tathāgatassa pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo. Sace kho te, jīvaka, idaṃ sandhāya bhāsitaṃ, anujānāmi te eta’’nti. ‘‘Etadeva kho pana me, bhante, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ’’.
55. ‘‘Yo kho, jīvaka, tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhati so pañcahi ṭhānehi bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yampi so, gahapati, evamāha – ‘gacchatha, amukaṃ nāma pāṇaṃ ānethā’ti, iminā paṭhamena ṭhānena bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yampi so pāṇo galappaveṭhakena [65] ānīyamāno dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti, iminā dutiyena ṭhānena bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yampi so evamāha – ‘gacchatha imaṃ pāṇaṃ ārabhathā’ti, iminā tatiyena ṭhānena bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yampi so pāṇo ārabhiyamāno dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti , iminā catutthena ṭhānena bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yampi so tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā akappiyena āsādeti, iminā pañcamena ṭhānena bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavati. Yo kho, jīvaka, tathāgataṃ vā tathāgatasāvakaṃ vā uddissa pāṇaṃ ārabhati so imehi pañcahi ṭhānehi bahuṃ apuññaṃ pasavatī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte, jīvako komārabhacco bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante! Kappiyaṃ vata, bhante, bhikkhū āhāraṃ āhārenti ; anavajjaṃ vata, bhante, bhikkhū āhāraṃ āhārenti. Abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
Jīvakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ pañcamaṃ.
6. Upālisuttaṃ
56. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā nāḷandāyaṃ viharati pāvārikambavane. Tena kho pana samayena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto [66] nāḷandāyaṃ paṭivasati mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhiṃ. Atha kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nāḷandāyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena pāvārikambavanaṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘saṃvijjanti kho, tapassi [67], āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi nisīdā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ bhagavā etadavoca – ‘‘kati pana, tapassi, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto kammāni paññapeti pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā’’ti?
‘‘Na kho, āvuso gotama, āciṇṇaṃ nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa ‘kammaṃ, kamma’nti paññapetuṃ; ‘daṇḍaṃ, daṇḍa’nti kho, āvuso gotama, āciṇṇaṃ nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paññapetu’’nti.
‘‘Kati pana, tapassi, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto daṇḍāni paññapeti pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā’’ti?
‘‘Tīṇi kho, āvuso gotama, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto daṇḍāni paññapeti pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyāti, seyyathidaṃ – kāyadaṇḍaṃ, vacīdaṇḍaṃ, manodaṇḍa’’nti.
‘‘Kiṃ pana, tapassi, aññadeva kāyadaṇḍaṃ, aññaṃ vacīdaṇḍaṃ, aññaṃ manodaṇḍa’’nti?
‘‘Aññadeva , āvuso gotama, kāyadaṇḍaṃ, aññaṃ vacīdaṇḍaṃ, aññaṃ manodaṇḍa’’nti.
‘‘Imesaṃ pana, tapassi, tiṇṇaṃ daṇḍānaṃ evaṃ paṭivibhattānaṃ evaṃ paṭivisiṭṭhānaṃ katamaṃ daṇḍaṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto mahāsāvajjataraṃ paññapeti pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā , yadi vā kāyadaṇḍaṃ, yadi vā vacīdaṇḍaṃ, yadi vā manodaṇḍa’’nti?
‘‘Imesaṃ kho, āvuso gotama, tiṇṇaṃ daṇḍānaṃ evaṃ paṭivibhattānaṃ evaṃ paṭivisiṭṭhānaṃ kāyadaṇḍaṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto mahāsāvajjataraṃ paññapeti pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍaṃ, no tathā manodaṇḍa’’nti.
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, tapassi, vadesi’’?
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, āvuso gotama, vadāmi’’.
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, tapassi, vadesi’’?
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, āvuso gotama, vadāmi’’.
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, tapassi, vadesi’’?
‘‘Kāyadaṇḍanti, āvuso gotama, vadāmī’’ti.
Itiha bhagavā dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ yāvatatiyakaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi.
57. Evaṃ vutte, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tvaṃ panāvuso gotama, kati daṇḍāni paññapesi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā’’ti?
‘‘Na kho, tapassi, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatassa ‘daṇḍaṃ, daṇḍa’nti paññapetuṃ; ‘kammaṃ, kamma’nti kho, tapassi, āciṇṇaṃ tathāgatassa paññapetu’’nti?
‘‘Tvaṃ panāvuso gotama, kati kammāni paññapesi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā’’ti?
‘‘Tīṇi kho ahaṃ, tapassi, kammāni paññapemi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, seyyathidaṃ – kāyakammaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, manokamma’’nti.
‘‘Kiṃ panāvuso gotama, aññadeva kāyakammaṃ, aññaṃ vacīkammaṃ, aññaṃ manokamma’’nti?
‘‘Aññadeva, tapassi, kāyakammaṃ, aññaṃ vacīkammaṃ, aññaṃ manokamma’’nti.
‘‘Imesaṃ panāvuso gotama, tiṇṇaṃ kammānaṃ evaṃ paṭivibhattānaṃ evaṃ paṭivisiṭṭhānaṃ katamaṃ kammaṃ mahāsāvajjataraṃ paññapesi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, yadi vā kāyakammaṃ, yadi vā vacīkammaṃ, yadi vā manokamma’’nti?
‘‘Imesaṃ kho ahaṃ, tapassi, tiṇṇaṃ kammānaṃ evaṃ paṭivibhattānaṃ evaṃ paṭivisiṭṭhānaṃ manokammaṃ mahāsāvajjataraṃ paññapemi pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā kāyakammaṃ, no tathā vacīkamma’’nti.
‘‘Manokammanti, āvuso gotama, vadesi’’?
‘‘Manokammanti, tapassi, vadāmi’’.
‘‘Manokammanti, āvuso gotama, vadesi’’?
‘‘Manokammanti, tapassi, vadāmi’’.
‘‘Manokammanti , āvuso gotama, vadesi’’?
‘‘Manokammanti, tapassi, vadāmī’’ti.
Itiha dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho bhagavantaṃ imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ yāvatatiyakaṃ patiṭṭhāpetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami.
58. Tena kho pana samayena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto mahatiyā gihiparisāya saddhiṃ nisinno hoti bālakiniyā parisāya upālipamukhāya. Addasā kho nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ; disvāna dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handa, kuto nu tvaṃ, tapassi, āgacchasi divā divassā’’ti? ‘‘Ito hi kho ahaṃ, bhante, āgacchāmi samaṇassa gotamassa santikā’’ti. ‘‘Ahu pana te, tapassi, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti ? ‘‘Ahu kho me, bhante, samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, tapassi, ahu samaṇena gotamena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti? Atha kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho yāvatako ahosi bhagavatā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa ārocesi. Evaṃ vutte, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, tapassi! Yathā taṃ sutavatā sāvakena sammadeva satthusāsanaṃ ājānantena evameva dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena samaṇassa gotamassa byākataṃ. Kiñhi sobhati chavo manodaṇḍo imassa evaṃ oḷārikassa kāyadaṇḍassa upanidhāya! Atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo’’ti.
59. Evaṃ vutte, upāli gahapati nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, bhante dīghatapassī [68]! Yathā taṃ sutavatā sāvakena sammadeva satthusāsanaṃ ājānantena evamevaṃ bhadantena tapassinā samaṇassa gotamassa byākataṃ. Kiñhi sobhati chavo manodaṇḍo imassa evaṃ oḷārikassa kāyadaṇḍassa upanidhāya! Atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo. Handa cāhaṃ, bhante, gacchāmi samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ vādaṃ āropessāmi. Sace me samaṇo gotamo tathā patiṭṭhahissati yathā bhadantena tapassinā patiṭṭhāpitaṃ; seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso dīghalomikaṃ eḷakaṃ lomesu gahetvā ākaḍḍheyya parikaḍḍheyya samparikaḍḍheyya, evamevāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ vādena vādaṃ ākaḍḍhissāmi parikaḍḍhissāmi samparikaḍḍhissāmi . Seyyathāpi nāma balavā soṇḍikākammakāro mahantaṃ soṇḍikākilañjaṃ gambhīre udakarahade pakkhipitvā kaṇṇe gahetvā ākaḍḍheyya parikaḍḍheyya samparikaḍḍheyya, evamevāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ vādena vādaṃ ākaḍḍhissāmi parikaḍḍhissāmi samparikaḍḍhissāmi. Seyyathāpi nāma balavā soṇḍikādhutto vālaṃ [69] kaṇṇe gahetvā odhuneyya niddhuneyya nipphoṭeyya [70], evamevāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ vādena vādaṃ odhunissāmi niddhunissāmi nipphoṭessāmi . Seyyathāpi nāma kuñjaro saṭṭhihāyano gambhīraṃ pokkharaṇiṃ ogāhetvā sāṇadhovikaṃ nāma kīḷitajātaṃ kīḷati, evamevāhaṃ samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ sāṇadhovikaṃ maññe kīḷitajātaṃ kīḷissāmi. Handa cāhaṃ, bhante, gacchāmi samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ vādaṃ āropehi. Ahaṃ vā hi, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyyaṃ, dīghatapassī vā nigaṇṭho, tvaṃ vā’’ti.
60. Evaṃ vutte, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho metaṃ, bhante, ruccati yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyya. Samaṇo hi, bhante, gotamo māyāvī āvaṭṭaniṃ māyaṃ jānāti yāya aññatitthiyānaṃ sāvake āvaṭṭetī’’ti. ‘‘Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, tapassi, anavakāso yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Ṭhānañca kho etaṃ vijjati yaṃ samaṇo gotamo upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Gaccha, tvaṃ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ vādaṃ āropehi. Ahaṃ vā hi, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyyaṃ, dīghatapassī vā nigaṇṭho, tvaṃ vā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho dīghatapassī…pe… tatiyampi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho metaṃ, bhante, ruccati yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyya. Samaṇo hi, bhante, gotamo māyāvī āvaṭṭaniṃ māyaṃ jānāti yāya aññatitthiyānaṃ sāvake āvaṭṭetī’’ti. ‘‘Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, tapassi , anavakāso yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Ṭhānañca kho etaṃ vijjati yaṃ samaṇo gotamo upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Gaccha tvaṃ, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa imasmiṃ kathāvatthusmiṃ vādaṃ āropehi. Ahaṃ vā hi, gahapati, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyyaṃ, dīghatapassī vā nigaṇṭho, tvaṃ vā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho upāli gahapati nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena pāvārikambavanaṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho upāli gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘āgamā nu khvidha, bhante, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho’’ti?
‘‘Āgamā khvidha, gahapati, dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho’’ti.
‘‘Ahu kho pana te, bhante, dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti?
‘‘Ahu kho me, gahapati, dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti.
‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana te, bhante, ahu dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena saddhiṃ kocideva kathāsallāpo’’ti?
Atha kho bhagavā yāvatako ahosi dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ upālissa gahapatissa ārocesi.
61. Evaṃ vutte, upāli gahapati bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sādhu sādhu, bhante tapassī! Yathā taṃ sutavatā sāvakena sammadeva satthusāsanaṃ ājānantena evamevaṃ dīghatapassinā nigaṇṭhena bhagavato byākataṃ. Kiñhi sobhati chavo manodaṇḍo imassa evaṃ oḷārikassa kāyadaṇḍassa upanidhāya? Atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo’’ti. ‘‘Sace kho tvaṃ, gahapati, sacce patiṭṭhāya manteyyāsi siyā no ettha kathāsallāpo’’ti. ‘‘Sacce ahaṃ, bhante, patiṭṭhāya mantessāmi; hotu no ettha kathāsallāpo’’ti.
62. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, idhassa nigaṇṭho ābādhiko dukkhito bāḷhagilāno sītodakapaṭikkhitto uṇhodakapaṭisevī. So sītodakaṃ alabhamāno kālaṅkareyya. Imassa pana, gahapati, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto katthūpapattiṃ paññapetī’’ti?
‘‘Atthi, bhante, manosattā nāma devā tattha so upapajjati’’.
‘‘Taṃ kissa hetu’’?
‘‘Asu hi, bhante , manopaṭibaddho kālaṅkarotī’’ti.
‘‘Manasi karohi, gahapati [71], manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi. Na kho te sandhiyati purimena vā pacchimaṃ, pacchimena vā purimaṃ. Bhāsitā kho pana te, gahapati, esā vācā – ‘sacce ahaṃ, bhante, patiṭṭhāya mantessāmi, hotu no ettha kathāsallāpo’’’ti. ‘‘Kiñcāpi, bhante, bhagavā evamāha, atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo’’ti.
63. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati , idhassa nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto cātuyāmasaṃvarasaṃvuto sabbavārivārito sabbavāriyutto sabbavāridhuto sabbavāriphuṭo. So abhikkamanto paṭikkamanto bahū khuddake pāṇe saṅghātaṃ āpādeti. Imassa pana, gahapati, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto kaṃ vipākaṃ paññapetī’’ti?
‘‘Asañcetanikaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto no mahāsāvajjaṃ paññapetī’’ti.
‘‘Sace pana, gahapati, cetetī’’ti?
‘‘Mahāsāvajjaṃ, bhante, hotī’’ti.
‘‘Cetanaṃ pana, gahapati, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto kismiṃ paññapetī’’ti?
‘‘Manodaṇḍasmiṃ, bhante’’ti.
‘‘Manasi karohi, gahapati , manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi. Na kho te sandhiyati purimena vā pacchimaṃ, pacchimena vā purimaṃ. Bhāsitā kho pana te, gahapati, esā vācā – ‘sacce ahaṃ, bhante, patiṭṭhāya mantessāmi; hotu no ettha kathāsallāpo’’’ti. ‘‘Kiñcāpi, bhante, bhagavā evamāha, atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo’’ti.
64. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, ayaṃ nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā’’ti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, ayaṃ nāḷandā iddhā ceva phītā ca bahujanā ākiṇṇamanussā’’ti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, idha puriso āgaccheyya ukkhittāsiko. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ yāvatikā imissā nāḷandāya pāṇā te ekena khaṇena ekena muhuttena ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ karissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, pahoti nu kho so puriso yāvatikā imissā nāḷandāya pāṇā te ekena khaṇena ekena muhuttena ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kātu’’nti?
‘‘Dasapi, bhante, purisā, vīsampi, bhante, purisā, tiṃsampi, bhante, purisā, cattārīsampi, bhante, purisā, paññāsampi, bhante, purisā nappahonti yāvatikā imissā nāḷandāya pāṇā te ekena khaṇena ekena muhuttena ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kātuṃ. Kiñhi sobhati eko chavo puriso’’ti!
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati , idha āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā iddhimā cetovasippatto. So evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ imaṃ nāḷandaṃ ekena manopadosena bhasmaṃ karissāmī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, pahoti nu kho so samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā iddhimā cetovasippatto imaṃ nāḷandaṃ ekena manopadosena bhasmaṃ kātu’’nti ?
‘‘Dasapi, bhante, nāḷandā, vīsampi nāḷandā, tiṃsampi nāḷandā, cattārīsampi nāḷandā, paññāsampi nāḷandā pahoti so samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā iddhimā cetovasippatto ekena manopadosena bhasmaṃ kātuṃ. Kiñhi sobhati ekā chavā nāḷandā’’ti!
‘‘Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi. Na kho te sandhiyati purimena vā pacchimaṃ, pacchimena vā purimaṃ. Bhāsitā kho pana te, gahapati, esā vācā – ‘sacce ahaṃ, bhante, patiṭṭhāya mantessāmi; hotu no ettha kathāsallāpo’’’ti.
‘‘Kiñcāpi, bhante, bhagavā evamāha, atha kho kāyadaṇḍova mahāsāvajjataro pāpassa kammassa kiriyāya pāpassa kammassa pavattiyā, no tathā vacīdaṇḍo, no tathā manodaṇḍo’’ti.
65. ‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, sutaṃ te daṇḍakīraññaṃ [72] kāliṅgāraññaṃ majjhāraññaṃ [73] mātaṅgāraññaṃ araññaṃ araññabhūta’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, sutaṃ me daṇḍakīraññaṃ kāliṅgāraññaṃ majjhāraññaṃ mātaṅgāraññaṃ araññaṃ araññabhūta’’nti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, gahapati, kinti te sutaṃ kena taṃ daṇḍakīraññaṃ kāliṅgāraññaṃ majjhāraññaṃ mātaṅgāraññaṃ araññaṃ araññabhūta’’nti?
‘‘Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante, isīnaṃ manopadosena taṃ daṇḍakīraññaṃ kāliṅgāraññaṃ majjhāraññaṃ mātaṅgāraññaṃ araññaṃ araññabhūta’’nti.
‘‘Manasi karohi, gahapati, manasi karitvā kho, gahapati, byākarohi. Na kho te sandhiyati purimena vā pacchimaṃ, pacchimena vā purimaṃ. Bhāsitā kho pana te, gahapati, esā vācā – ‘sacce ahaṃ, bhante, patiṭṭhāya mantessāmi; hotu no ettha kathāsallāpo’’’ti.
66. ‘‘Purimenevāhaṃ , bhante, opammena bhagavato attamano abhiraddho. Api cāhaṃ imāni bhagavato vicitrāni pañhapaṭibhānāni sotukāmo, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ paccanīkaṃ kātabbaṃ amaññissaṃ. Abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante! Seyyathāpi, bhante, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya – cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantīti; evamevaṃ bhagavatā anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
67. ‘‘Anuviccakāraṃ kho, gahapati, karohi, anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, gahapati, karohi, anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Mañhi, bhante, aññatitthiyā sāvakaṃ labhitvā kevalakappaṃ nāḷandaṃ paṭākaṃ parihareyyuṃ – ‘upāli amhākaṃ gahapati sāvakattaṃ upagato’ti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘anuviccakāraṃ kho, gahapati, karohi, anuviccakāro tumhādisānaṃ ñātamanussānaṃ sādhu hotī’ti. Esāhaṃ, bhante, dutiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
68. ‘‘Dīgharattaṃ kho te, gahapati, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’’ti. ‘‘Imināpāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavato bhiyyosomattāya attamano abhiraddho yaṃ maṃ bhagavā evamāha – ‘dīgharattaṃ kho te, gahapati, nigaṇṭhānaṃ opānabhūtaṃ kulaṃ yena nesaṃ upagatānaṃ piṇḍakaṃ dātabbaṃ maññeyyāsī’ti. Sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante, samaṇo gotamo evamāha – ‘mayhameva dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dānaṃ dātabbaṃ; mayhameva dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ; mayhameva sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ, nāññesaṃ sāvakānaṃ dinnaṃ mahapphala’nti. Atha ca pana maṃ bhagavā nigaṇṭhesupi dāne samādapeti. Api ca, bhante, mayamettha kālaṃ jānissāma. Esāhaṃ, bhante, tatiyampi bhagavantaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhagavā dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
69. Atha kho bhagavā upālissa gahapatissa anupubbiṃ kathaṃ [74] kathesi, seyyathidaṃ – dānakathaṃ sīlakathaṃ saggakathaṃ, kāmānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ pakāsesi. Yadā bhagavā aññāsi upāliṃ gahapatiṃ kallacittaṃ muducittaṃ vinīvaraṇacittaṃ udaggacittaṃ pasannacittaṃ, atha yā buddhānaṃ sāmukkaṃsikā dhammadesanā taṃ pakāsesi – dukkhaṃ, samudayaṃ, nirodhaṃ, maggaṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma suddhaṃ vatthaṃ apagatakāḷakaṃ sammadeva rajanaṃ paṭiggaṇheyya, evameva upālissa gahapatissa tasmiṃyeva āsane virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’nti. Atha kho upāli gahapati diṭṭhadhammo pattadhammo viditadhammo pariyogāḷhadhammo tiṇṇavicikiccho vigatakathaṃkatho vesārajjappatto aparappaccayo satthusāsane bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma, bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā’’ti. ‘‘Yassadāni tvaṃ, gahapati, kālaṃ maññasī’’ti.
70. Atha kho upāli gahapati bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena sakaṃ nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā dovārikaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘ajjatagge, samma dovārika, āvarāmi dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīnaṃ, anāvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ bhagavato bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ. Sace koci nigaṇṭho āgacchati tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘tiṭṭha, bhante, mā pāvisi. Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato. Āvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīnaṃ, anāvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ bhagavato bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ . Sace te, bhante, piṇḍakena attho, ettheva tiṭṭha, ettheva te āharissantī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho dovāriko upālissa gahapatissa paccassosi.
71. Assosi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho – ‘‘upāli kira gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato’’ti. Atha kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante, upāli kira gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato’’ti. ‘‘Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, tapassi , anavakāso yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Ṭhānañca kho etaṃ vijjati yaṃ samaṇo gotamo upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyyā’’ti . Dutiyampi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho…pe… tatiyampi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘sutaṃ metaṃ, bhante …pe… upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Handāhaṃ, bhante, gacchāmi yāva jānāmi yadi vā upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato yadi vā no’’ti. ‘‘Gaccha tvaṃ, tapassi, jānāhi yadi vā upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato yadi vā no’’ti.
72. Atha kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho yena upālissa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho dovāriko dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna dīghatapassiṃ nigaṇṭhaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tiṭṭha, bhante, mā pāvisi. Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato. Āvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīnaṃ, anāvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ bhagavato bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ . Sace te, bhante, piṇḍakena attho, ettheva tiṭṭha, ettheva te āharissantī’’ti. ‘‘Na me, āvuso, piṇḍakena attho’’ti vatvā tato paṭinivattitvā yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃyeva kho, bhante, yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato. Etaṃ kho te ahaṃ, bhante, nālatthaṃ na kho me, bhante, ruccati yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropeyya. Samaṇo hi, bhante, gotamo māyāvī āvaṭṭaniṃ māyaṃ jānāti yāya aññatitthiyānaṃ sāvake āvaṭṭetīti. Āvaṭṭo kho te, bhante, upāli gahapati samaṇena gotamena āvaṭṭaniyā māyāyā’’ti. ‘‘Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, tapassi, anavakāso yaṃ upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyya. Ṭhānañca kho etaṃ vijjati yaṃ samaṇo gotamo upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyyā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃyeva, bhante…pe… upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyyā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho dīghatapassī nigaṇṭho nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saccaṃyeva kho, bhante…pe… upālissa gahapatissa sāvakattaṃ upagaccheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Handa cāhaṃ , tapassi, gacchāmi yāva cāhaṃ sāmaṃyeva jānāmi yadi vā upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato yadi vā no’’ti.
Atha kho nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhiṃ yena upālissa gahapatissa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho dovāriko nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tiṭṭha, bhante, mā pāvisi. Ajjatagge upāli gahapati samaṇassa gotamassa sāvakattaṃ upagato. Āvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ nigaṇṭhīnaṃ, anāvaṭaṃ dvāraṃ bhagavato bhikkhūnaṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ upāsakānaṃ upāsikānaṃ. Sace te, bhante, piṇḍakena attho, ettheva tiṭṭha, ettheva te āharissantī’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, samma dovārika, yena upāli gahapati tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā upāliṃ gahapatiṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘nigaṇṭho, bhante, nāṭaputto mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhiṃ bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhito; so te dassanakāmo’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho dovāriko nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā yena upāli gahapati tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā upāliṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘nigaṇṭho, bhante, nāṭaputto mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhiṃ bahidvārakoṭṭhake ṭhito; so te dassanakāmo’’ti. ‘‘Tena hi, samma dovārika, majjhimāya dvārasālāya āsanāni paññapehī’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho dovāriko upālissa gahapatissa paṭissutvā majjhimāya dvārasālāya āsanāni paññapetvā yena upāli gahapati tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā upāliṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘paññattāni kho, bhante, majjhimāya dvārasālāya āsanāni. Yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’’ti.
73. Atha kho upāli gahapati yena majjhimā dvārasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā yaṃ tattha āsanaṃ aggañca seṭṭhañca uttamañca paṇītañca tattha sāmaṃ nisīditvā dovārikaṃ āmantesi – ‘‘tena hi, samma dovārika, yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘upāli, bhante, gahapati evamāha – pavisa kira, bhante, sace ākaṅkhasī’’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho dovāriko upālissa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘upāli, bhante, gahapati evamāha – ‘pavisa kira, bhante, sace ākaṅkhasī’’’ti. Atha kho nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto mahatiyā nigaṇṭhaparisāya saddhiṃ yena majjhimā dvārasālā tenupasaṅkami. Atha kho upāli gahapati – yaṃ sudaṃ pubbe yato passati nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ disvāna tato paccuggantvā yaṃ tattha āsanaṃ aggañca seṭṭhañca uttamañca paṇītañca taṃ uttarāsaṅgena sammajjitvā [75] pariggahetvā nisīdāpeti so – dāni yaṃ tattha āsanaṃ aggañca seṭṭhañca uttamañca paṇītañca tattha sāmaṃ nisīditvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘saṃvijjanti kho, bhante, āsanāni; sace ākaṅkhasi, nisīdā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto upāliṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ummattosi tvaṃ, gahapati, dattosi tvaṃ, gahapati! ‘Gacchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti gantvā mahatāsi vādasaṅghāṭena paṭimukko āgato. Seyyathāpi, gahapati, puriso aṇḍahārako gantvā ubbhatehi aṇḍehi āgaccheyya, seyyathā vā pana gahapati puriso akkhikahārako gantvā ubbhatehi akkhīhi āgaccheyya; evameva kho tvaṃ, gahapati, ‘gacchāmahaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti gantvā mahatāsi vādasaṅghāṭena paṭimukko āgato. Āvaṭṭosi kho tvaṃ, gahapati, samaṇena gotamena āvaṭṭaniyā māyāyā’’ti.
74. ‘‘Bhaddikā, bhante, āvaṭṭanī māyā; kalyāṇī, bhante, āvaṭṭanī māyā; piyā me, bhante, ñātisālohitā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṃ; piyānampi me assa ñātisālohitānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya; sabbe cepi, bhante, khattiyā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṃ; sabbesānampissa khattiyānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya; sabbe cepi, bhante, brāhmaṇā…pe… vessā…pe… suddā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṃ; sabbesānampissa suddānaṃ dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya; sadevako cepi, bhante, loko samārako sabrahmako sassamaṇabrāhmaṇī pajā sadevamanussā imāya āvaṭṭaniyā āvaṭṭeyyuṃ; sadevakassapissa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyāti. Tena hi, bhante, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya pidhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti.
75. ‘‘Bhūtapubbaṃ , bhante, aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa jiṇṇassa vuḍḍhassa mahallakassa daharā māṇavikā pajāpatī ahosi gabbhinī upavijaññā. Atha kho, bhante, sā māṇavikā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘gaccha tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpakaṃ kiṇitvā ānehi, yo me kumārakassa kīḷāpanako bhavissatī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, so brāhmaṇo taṃ māṇavikaṃ etadavoca – ‘āgamehi tāva, bhoti, yāva vijāyati. Sace tvaṃ, bhoti, kumārakaṃ vijāyissasi, tassā te ahaṃ āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpakaṃ kiṇitvā ānessāmi, yo te kumārakassa kīḷāpanako bhavissati. Sace pana tvaṃ, bhoti, kumārikaṃ vijāyissasi, tassā te ahaṃ āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpikaṃ kiṇitvā ānessāmi, yā te kumārikāya kīḷāpanikā bhavissatī’ti. Dutiyampi kho, bhante, sā māṇavikā…pe… tatiyampi kho, bhante, sā māṇavikā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘gaccha tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpakaṃ kiṇitvā ānehi, yo me kumārakassa kīḷāpanako bhavissatī’ti. Atha kho, bhante, so brāhmaṇo tassā māṇavikāya sāratto paṭibaddhacitto āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpakaṃ kiṇitvā ānetvā taṃ māṇavikaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ te, bhoti, āpaṇā makkaṭacchāpako kiṇitvā ānīto, yo te kumārakassa kīḷāpanako bhavissatī’ti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, sā māṇavikā taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘gaccha tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, imaṃ makkaṭacchāpakaṃ ādāya yena rattapāṇi rajataputto tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā rattapāṇiṃ rajakaputtaṃ evaṃ vadehi – icchāmahaṃ, samma rattapāṇi, imaṃ makkaṭacchāpakaṃ pītāvalepanaṃ nāma raṅgajātaṃ rajitaṃ ākoṭitapaccākoṭitaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭha’nti.
‘‘Atha kho, bhante, so brāhmaṇo tassā māṇavikāya sāratto paṭibaddhacitto taṃ makkaṭacchāpakaṃ ādāya yena rattapāṇi rajakaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rattapāṇiṃ rajakaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘icchāmahaṃ, samma rattapāṇi, imaṃ makkaṭacchāpakaṃ pītāvalepanaṃ nāma raṅgajātaṃ rajitaṃ ākoṭitapaccākoṭitaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭha’nti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, rattapāṇi rajakaputto taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘ayaṃ kho te, makkaṭacchāpako raṅgakkhamo hi kho, no ākoṭanakkhamo , no vimajjanakkhamo’ti. Evameva kho, bhante, bālānaṃ nigaṇṭhānaṃ vādo raṅgakkhamo hi kho bālānaṃ no paṇḍitānaṃ, no anuyogakkhamo, no vimajjanakkhamo. Atha kho, bhante, so brāhmaṇo aparena samayena navaṃ dussayugaṃ ādāya yena rattapāṇi rajakaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā rattapāṇiṃ rajakaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘icchāmahaṃ, samma rattapāṇi, imaṃ navaṃ dussayugaṃ pītāvalepanaṃ nāma raṅgajātaṃ rajitaṃ ākoṭitapaccākoṭitaṃ ubhatobhāgavimaṭṭha’nti. Evaṃ vutte, bhante, rattapāṇi rajakaputto taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavoca – ‘idaṃ kho te, bhante, navaṃ dussayugaṃ raṅgakkhamañceva ākoṭanakkhamañca vimajjanakkhamañcā’ti. Evameva kho, bhante, tassa bhagavato vādo arahato sammāsambuddhassa raṅgakkhamo ceva paṇḍitānaṃ no bālānaṃ, anuyogakkhamo ca vimajjanakkhamo cā’’ti.
‘‘Sarājikā kho, gahapati, parisā evaṃ jānāti – ‘upāli gahapati nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa sāvako’ti. Kassa taṃ, gahapati, sāvakaṃ dhāremā’’ti? Evaṃ vutte, upāli gahapati uṭṭhāyāsanā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘tena hi, bhante, suṇohi yassāhaṃ sāvako’’ti –
‘‘Dhīrassa vigatamohassa, pabhinnakhīlassa vijitavijayassa;
Anīghassa susamacittassa, vuddhasīlassa sādhupaññassa;
Vesamantarassa [76] vimalassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Akathaṃkathissa tusitassa, vantalokāmisassa muditassa;
Katasamaṇassa manujassa, antimasārīrassa narassa;
Anopamassa virajassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Asaṃsayassa kusalassa, venayikassa sārathivarassa;
Anuttarassa ruciradhammassa, nikkaṅkhassa pabhāsakassa [77];
Mānacchidassa vīrassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Nisabhassa appameyyassa, gambhīrassa monapattassa;
Khemaṅkarassa vedassa, dhammaṭṭhassa saṃvutattassa;
Saṅgātigassa muttassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Nāgassa pantasenassa, khīṇasaṃyojanassa muttassa;
Paṭimantakassa [78] dhonassa, pannadhajassa vītarāgassa;
Dantassa nippapañcassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Isisattamassa akuhassa, tevijjassa brahmapattassa;
Nhātakassa [79] padakassa, passaddhassa viditavedassa;
Purindadassa sakkassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Ariyassa bhāvitattassa, pattipattassa veyyākaraṇassa;
Satimato vipassissa, anabhinatassa no apanatassa;
Anejassa vasippattassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi .
‘‘Samuggatassa [80] jhāyissa, ananugatantarassa suddhassa;
Asitassa hitassa [81], pavivittassa aggappattassa;
Tiṇṇassa tārayantassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Santassa bhūripaññassa, mahāpaññassa vītalobhassa;
Tathāgatassa sugatassa, appaṭipuggalassa asamassa;
Visāradassa nipuṇassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi.
‘‘Taṇhacchidassa buddhassa, vītadhūmassa anupalittassa;
Āhuneyyassa yakkhassa, uttamapuggalassa atulassa;
Mahato yasaggapattassa, bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmī’’ti.
77. ‘‘Kadā saññūḷhā pana te, gahapati, ime samaṇassa gotamassa vaṇṇā’’ti? ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhante, nānāpupphānaṃ mahāpuppharāsi , tamenaṃ dakkho mālākāro vā mālākārantevāsī vā vicittaṃ mālaṃ gantheyya; evameva kho, bhante, so bhagavā anekavaṇṇo anekasatavaṇṇo. Ko hi, bhante, vaṇṇārahassa vaṇṇaṃ na karissatī’’ti? Atha kho nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa bhagavato sakkāraṃ asahamānassa tattheva uṇhaṃ lohitaṃ mukhato uggacchīti [82].
Upālisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ.
7. 狗戒經 (MN. 057, kukkuravatikasuttaṃ)
78. 這是我所聽見的： 有一次，世尊住在拘利一個稱為訶利陀的市鎮。 這時候，一個名叫富那．拘利子的牛戒修行人和一個名叫舍尼耶的狗戒裸體外道一起前往世尊那裏，富那對世尊作禮，然後坐在一邊。舍尼耶和世尊互相問候，作了一些悅意的交談，然後像狗那樣彎曲身體坐下來。富那對世尊說： “大德，舍尼耶是持狗戒的，他修習艱苦的苦行，吃人們放在地上的食物，長期修習、不斷修習這種狗戒，他的趣向怎麼樣，下一生將會怎麼樣呢？” “富那，不。不要問這些事情。” 富那第二次對世尊說…… “富那，不。不要問這些事情。” 富那第三次對世尊說： “大德，舍尼耶是持狗戒的，他修習艱苦的苦行，吃人們放在地上的食物，長期修習、不斷修習這種狗戒，他的趣向怎麼樣，下一生將會怎麼樣呢？”
79. “富那，既然我說不要問這些事情你還是堅持要問，那麼我便為你解說吧。富那，一些全力、不間斷地修習狗戒，全力、不間斷地作出狗的行為，全力、不間斷地作出狗的心境，全力、不間斷地作出狗的模樣的人，在身壞命終之後會投生在狗的族類之中。 “如果他心持這種見解： ‘我修持這種戒、這種信願、這種苦行或這種梵行，將會投生在某種天之中。’ 這種見解是一種邪見。富那，我說，邪見的人會在兩趣之一投生：地獄或畜生。 “富那，狗戒修習完成，會投生為狗的族類；狗戒修習不完成，會投生地獄。” 世尊說了這番話後，舍尼耶痛哭流淚。
於是，世尊對富那說： “我已說過，不要問這些事情了。” 舍尼耶對世尊說： “大德，我不單為世尊說到我的趣向而痛哭，還有為我長期修習、不斷修習狗戒而痛哭。大德，富那是持牛戒的，他長期修習、不斷修習牛戒，他的趣向怎麼樣，下一生將會怎麼樣呢？” “舍尼耶，不。不要問這些事情。” 舍尼耶第二次對世尊說…… “舍尼耶，不。不要問這些事情。” 舍尼耶第三次對世尊說： “大德，富那是持牛戒的，他長期修習、不斷修習牛戒，他的趣向怎麼樣，下一生將會怎麼樣呢？”
80. “舍尼耶，既然我說不要問這些事情你還是堅持要問，那麼我便為你解說吧。舍尼耶，一些全力、不間斷地修習牛戒，全力、不間斷地作出牛的行為，全力、不間斷地作出牛的心境，全力、不間斷地作出牛的模樣的人，在身壞命終之後會投生在牛的族類之中。 “如果他心持這種見解： ‘我修持這種戒、這種信願、這種苦行或這種梵行，將會投生在某種天之中。’ 這種見解是一種邪見。舍尼耶，我說，邪見的人會在兩趣之一投生：地獄或畜生。 “舍尼耶，牛戒修習完成，會投生為牛的族類；牛戒修習不完成，會投生地獄。” 世尊說了這番話後，富那痛哭流淚。
於是，世尊對舍尼耶說： “我已說過，不要問這些事情了。” 富那對世尊說： “大德，我不單為世尊說到我的趣向而痛哭，還有為我長期修習、不斷修習牛戒而痛哭。大德，我對世尊有淨信，知道世尊有能力為我說法，使我捨棄牛戒和使舍尼耶捨棄狗戒的。” “富那，既然這樣，你留心聽，好好用心思量，我現在說了。” 富那回答世尊： “大德，是的。”
81. 世尊說： “富那，我親身證得無比智，然後宣說四種業。這四種業是什麼呢？帶來黑報的黑業；帶來白報的白業；帶來黑白報的黑白業；既不帶來黑報也不帶來白報的業，是帶來業盡的業。
“富那，什麼是帶來黑報的黑業呢？一些人常做苦迫的身行、苦迫的口行、苦迫的意行。因他們常做苦迫的身、口、意行，之後便會投生在一個苦迫的世間之中，在那裏接觸苦迫的事物。因他們接觸苦迫的事物，所以帶來唯苦無樂的苦迫感受，就正如地獄的眾生那樣。 “富那， ‘有’ 是因為過往的有而生，是因為過往所做的行為而生；生了之後，便會領受各種觸。富那，因為這樣，所以我說，眾生是業的繼承者。富那，這就是所說的帶來黑報的黑業了。
“富那，什麼是帶來白報的白業呢？一些人常做平和的身行、平和的口行、平和的意行。因他們常做平和的身、口、意行，之後便會投生在一個平和的世間之中，在那裏接觸平和的事物。因他們接觸平和的事物，所以帶來唯樂無苦的平和感受，就正如遍淨天那樣。 “富那， ‘有’ 是因為過往的有而生，是因為過往所做的行為而生；生了之後，便會領受各種觸。富那，因為這樣，所以我說，眾生是業的繼承者。富那，這就是所說的帶來白報的白業了。
“富那，什麼是帶來黑白報的黑白業呢？一些人常做苦迫的身行也常做平和的身行，常做苦迫的口行也常做平和的口行，常做苦迫的意行也常做平和的意行。因他們常做苦迫的身、口、意行，也常做平和的身、口、意行，之後便會投生在一個既有苦迫也有平和的世間之中，在那裏既接觸苦迫的事物也接觸平和的事物。因他們既接觸苦迫的事物也接觸平和的事物，所以帶來苦樂夾雜的感受，就正如一些人、一些天、一些惡趣眾生那樣。 “富那， ‘有’ 是因為過往的有而生，是因為過往所做的行為而生；生了之後，便會領受各種觸。富那，因為這樣，所以我說，眾生是業的繼承者。富那，這就是所說的帶來黑白報的黑白業了。
“富那，什麼是既不帶來黑報也不帶來白報的業，是帶來業盡的業呢？無論任何帶來黑報的黑業，都立心捨棄它；無論任何帶來白報的白業，都立心捨棄它；無論任何帶來黑白報的黑白業，都立心捨棄它。富那，這就是所說的既不帶來黑報也不帶來白報的業，是帶來業盡的業了。 “富那，這就是我親身證得無比智，然後宣說的四種業了。”
82. 世尊說了這番話後，富那對他說： “大德，妙極了！大德，妙極了！世尊能以各種不同的方式來演說法義，就像把倒轉了的東西反正過來；像為受覆蓋的東西揭開遮掩；像為迷路者指示正道；像在黑暗中拿著油燈的人，使其他有眼睛的人可以看見東西。我皈依世尊、皈依法、皈依比丘僧。願世尊接受我為優婆塞，從現在起，直至命終，終生皈依！” 舍尼耶對世尊說： “大德，妙極了！大德，妙極了！世尊能以各種不同的方式來演說法義，就像把倒轉了的東西反正過來；像為受覆蓋的東西揭開遮掩；像為迷路者指示正道；像在黑暗中拿著油燈的人，使其他有眼睛的人可以看見東西。大德，我皈依世尊、皈依法、皈依比丘僧。願我能在世尊的座下出家，願我能受具足戒。” “舍尼耶，以前曾是外道的人，想在這裏的法和律之中出家和受具足戒，是需要接受四個月觀察期的；過了四個月，比丘滿意的話，便接受他出家，授與他具足戒，讓他成為一位比丘。然而，每個人都不同，有些人是可以豁免的。”
“大德，如果外道需要接受四個月觀察期的話，我可以接受四年觀察期，過了四年，比丘滿意的話，便接受我出家，授與我具足戒，讓我成為一位比丘。” 舍尼耶得到世尊允許，即時在世尊座下出家，受具足戒。受具足戒不久，舍尼耶尊者獨處、遠離、不放逸、勤奮、專心一意，不久便親身以無比智來體證這義理，然後安住在證悟之中。在家庭生活的人，出家過沒有家庭的生活，就是為了在現生之中完滿梵行，達成這個無上的目標。他自己知道：生已經盡除，梵行已經達成，應要做的已經做完，沒有下一生。舍尼耶尊者成為另一位阿羅漢。 狗戒經完
狗戒經 (kukkuravatikasuttaṃ) 第七 完
8. Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ
83. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – ‘abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ, bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti? ‘‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – ‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – ‘na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’ti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – ‘‘āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadatto’’ti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamano’ti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’nti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho abhayo rājakumāro nigaṇṭhassa nāṭaputtassa paṭissutvā uṭṭhāyāsanā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
84. Ekamantaṃ nisinnassa kho abhayassa rājakumārassa sūriyaṃ [83] ulloketvā etadahosi – ‘‘akālo kho ajja bhagavato vādaṃ āropetuṃ . Sve dānāhaṃ sake nivesane bhagavato vādaṃ āropessāmī’’ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘adhivāsetu me, bhante, bhagavā svātanāya attacatuttho bhatta’’nti. Adhivāsesi bhagavā tuṇhībhāvena. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavato adhivāsanaṃ viditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. Atha kho bhagavā tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya yena abhayassa rājakumārassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena sahatthā santappesi sampavāresi. Atha kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ bhuttāviṃ onītapattapāṇiṃ aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi.
85. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā’’ti? ‘‘Na khvettha, rājakumāra, ekaṃsenā’’ti. ‘‘Ettha, bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pana tvaṃ, rājakumāra, evaṃ vadesi – ‘ettha , bhante, anassuṃ nigaṇṭhā’’’ti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, yena nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃ. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho maṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭho nāṭaputto etadavoca – ‘ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, samaṇassa gotamassa vādaṃ āropehi. Evaṃ te kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggacchissati – abhayena rājakumārena samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādo āropito’ti. Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, nigaṇṭhaṃ nāṭaputtaṃ etadavocaṃ – ‘yathā kathaṃ panāhaṃ , bhante, samaṇassa gotamassa evaṃ mahiddhikassa evaṃ mahānubhāvassa vādaṃ āropessāmī’ti? ‘Ehi tvaṃ, rājakumāra, yena samaṇo gotamo tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ vadehi – bhāseyya nu kho, bhante, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti? Sace te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – bhāseyya, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, puthujjanena nānākaraṇaṃ? Puthujjanopi hi taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti. Sace pana te samaṇo gotamo evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākaroti – na, rājakumāra, tathāgato taṃ vācaṃ bhāseyya yā sā vācā paresaṃ appiyā amanāpāti, tamenaṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – atha kiñcarahi te, bhante, devadatto byākato – āpāyiko devadatto, nerayiko devadatto, kappaṭṭho devadatto, atekiccho devadattoti? Tāya ca pana te vācāya devadatto kupito ahosi anattamanoti. Imaṃ kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilituṃ. Seyyathāpi nāma purisassa ayosiṅghāṭakaṃ kaṇṭhe vilaggaṃ, so neva sakkuṇeyya uggilituṃ na sakkuṇeyya ogilituṃ; evameva kho te, rājakumāra, samaṇo gotamo imaṃ ubhatokoṭikaṃ pañhaṃ puṭṭho samāno neva sakkhiti uggilituṃ na sakkhiti ogilitu’’’nti.
86. Tena kho pana samayena daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako abhayassa rājakumārassa aṅke nisinno hoti. Atha kho bhagavā abhayaṃ rājakumāraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, sacāyaṃ kumāro tuyhaṃ vā pamādamanvāya dhātiyā vā pamādamanvāya kaṭṭhaṃ vā kaṭhalaṃ [84] vā mukhe āhareyya, kinti naṃ kareyyāsī’’ti? ‘‘Āhareyyassāhaṃ, bhante. Sace, bhante, na sakkuṇeyyaṃ ādikeneva āhattuṃ [85], vāmena hatthena sīsaṃ pariggahetvā [86] dakkhiṇena hatthena vaṅkaṅguliṃ karitvā salohitampi āhareyyaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi me, bhante, kumāre anukampā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca kho tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ appiyā amanāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Yaṃ tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti abhūtaṃ atacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, na taṃ tathāgato vācaṃ bhāsati. Yampi tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā tampi tathāgato vācaṃ na bhāsati. Yañca tathāgato vācaṃ jānāti bhūtaṃ tacchaṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ sā ca paresaṃ piyā manāpā, tatra kālaññū tathāgato hoti tassā vācāya veyyākaraṇāya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa sattesu anukampā’’ti.
87. ‘‘Yeme, bhante, khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, pubbeva nu kho, etaṃ, bhante , bhagavato cetaso parivitakkitaṃ hoti ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti?
‘‘Tena hi, rājakumāra, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, kusalo tvaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti?
‘‘Evaṃ, bhante, kusalo ahaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāna’’nti.
‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājakumāra, ye taṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘kiṃ nāmidaṃ rathassa aṅgapaccaṅga’nti? Pubbeva nu kho te etaṃ cetaso parivitakkitaṃ assa ‘ye maṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ pucchissanti tesāhaṃ evaṃ puṭṭho evaṃ byākarissāmī’ti, udāhu ṭhānasovetaṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti?
‘‘Ahañhi, bhante, rathiko saññāto kusalo rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ. Sabbāni me rathassa aṅgapaccaṅgāni suviditāni. Ṭhānasovetaṃ maṃ paṭibhāseyyā’’ti .
‘‘Evameva kho, rājakumāra, ye te khattiyapaṇḍitāpi brāhmaṇapaṇḍitāpi gahapatipaṇḍitāpi samaṇapaṇḍitāpi pañhaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā pucchanti, ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhāti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sā hi, rājakumāra, tathāgatassa dhammadhātu suppaṭividdhā yassā dhammadhātuyā suppaṭividdhattā ṭhānasovetaṃ tathāgataṃ paṭibhātī’’ti.
Evaṃ vutte, abhayo rājakumāro bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘abhikkantaṃ, bhante, abhikkantaṃ, bhante…pe… ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gata’’nti.
Abhayarājakumārasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ aṭṭhamaṃ.
9. Bahuvedanīyasuttaṃ
88. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati yenāyasmā udāyī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘kati nu kho, bhante udāyi, vedanā vuttā bhagavatā’’ti? ‘‘Tisso kho, thapati [87], vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā – imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte, pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho, gahapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā – imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Dutiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante , adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho, thapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā – imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Tatiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca – ‘‘na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā’’ti. Neva kho sakkhi āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ saññāpetuṃ na panāsakkhi pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ saññāpetuṃ.
89. Assosi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako ahosi āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘santaññeva kho, ānanda, pariyāyaṃ pañcakaṅgo thapati udāyissa nābbhanumodi, santaññeva ca pana pariyāyaṃ udāyī pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa nābbhanumodi. Dvepānanda, vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena , tissopi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, pañcapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, chapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, aṭṭhārasapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, chattiṃsapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, aṭṭhasatampi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ na samanujānissanti na samanumaññissanti na samanumodissanti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharissanti. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ samanujānissanti samanumaññissanti samanumodissanti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharissanti’’.
90. ‘‘Pañca kho ime, ānanda, kāmaguṇā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā…pe… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā…pe… jivhāviññeyyā rasā…pe… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā – ime kho, ānanda, pañca kāmaguṇā. Yaṃ kho, ānanda, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati . Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā…pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā…pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā…pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca ? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā, paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā, nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇa’nti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya…pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
‘‘Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
91. ‘‘Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, ānanda, vijjati yaṃ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samaṇo gotamo āha; tañca sukhasmiṃ paññapeti. Tayidaṃ kiṃsu, tayidaṃ kathaṃsū’ti? Evaṃvādino, ānanda, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘na kho, āvuso, bhagavā sukhaṃyeva vedanaṃ sandhāya sukhasmiṃ paññapeti; api ca, āvuso, yattha yattha sukhaṃ upalabbhati yahiṃ yahiṃ taṃ taṃ tathāgato sukhasmiṃ paññapetī’’’ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Bahuvedanīyasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.
10. 無諍經 (MN. 060, Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ)
92. 這是我所聽見的： 有一次，世尊和人數眾多的比丘僧團一起，在拘薩羅遊行說法，去到一個名叫娑羅村的婆羅門村落及住在那裏。 娑羅村的婆羅門居士聽到這個消息： “喬答摩沙門是釋迦族人，從釋迦族出家，他和人數眾多的比丘僧團一起，在拘薩羅遊行說法，現在來到這裏了。喬答摩賢者聲名遠播，是一位阿羅漢．等正覺．明行具足．善逝．世間解．無上士．調御者．天人師．佛．世尊。他親身證得無比智，然後在這個有天神、魔羅、梵天、沙門、婆羅門、國王、眾人的世間宣說法義，所說的法義開首、中間、結尾都是善美的，有意義、有好的言辭、圓滿、清淨、開示梵行。去看這樣的阿羅漢是很有益處的。” 於是，娑羅村的婆羅門居士一起前往世尊那裏，到了之後，一些人對世尊作禮，然後坐在一邊；一些人和世尊互相問候，作了一些悅意的交談，然後坐在一邊；一些人向世尊合掌，然後坐在一邊；一些人在世尊跟前報上自己的名字和族姓，然後坐在一邊；一些人保持靜默，然後坐在一邊。
93. 世尊對他們說： “居士們，你們有沒有任何一位喜歡的、對他有理性敬信的導師呢？” “大德，我們沒有喜歡的、對他有理性敬信的導師。” “居士們，既然你們沒有喜歡的導師的話，便應著手修習這種無諍之法。居士們，著手修習這種無諍之法，將會為你們長期帶來利益和快樂。 “居士們，什麼是無諍之法呢？
94. “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門這樣說，他們持這種見解： ‘沒有布施；沒有祭祀；沒有祭品；沒有苦樂業的果報；沒有今生；沒有他世；沒有父恩；沒有母恩；沒有化生的眾生；在世上沒有進入正道、完滿修行的沙門婆羅門，親身以無比智證得有今生和他世。’ “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門則完全相反，他們這樣說： ‘有布施；有祭祀；有祭品；有苦樂業的果報；有今生；有他世；有父恩；有母恩；有化生的眾生；在世上有進入正道、完滿修行的沙門婆羅門，親身以無比智證得有今生和他世。’ “居士們，你們認為怎樣，這些沙門婆羅門互相之間是不是完全相反呢？” “大德，是的。”
95. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解： ‘沒有布施；沒有祭祀；沒有祭品；沒有苦樂業的果報；沒有今生；沒有他世；沒有父恩；沒有母恩；沒有化生的眾生；在世上沒有進入正道、完滿修行的沙門婆羅門，親身以無比智證得有今生和他世。’ 他們便會不行踐身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法，轉而作出身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看不見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看不見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “這是有他世的，但他們持 ‘沒有他世’ 這種見解，這是一種邪見。這是有他世的，但他們帶著 ‘沒有他世’ 這種思維，這是一種邪思維。這是有他世的，但他們說 ‘沒有他世’ 這種說話，這是一種邪語。這是有他世的，但他們說 ‘沒有他世’ ，這跟說有他世的阿羅漢抵觸。這是有他世的，但他們教人 ‘沒有他世’ 的法義，這是教不正確的法義。他們教不正確的法義，由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的善行而建立惡行。以邪見為條件，帶來邪見、邪思維、邪語、抵觸聖者、教不正確的法義、抬高自己和貶低別人等無數惡不善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果沒有他世的話，不善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後安然無事。如果有他世的話，這個人會在身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。即使不想說有他世，就讓說沒有他世的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者譴責為戒行不好的人、邪見的人、持斷見的人。如果有他世，這個人兩生都遇到不幸：現生受智者譴責，身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。如果不善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人只能在 “沒有他世” 這種論點之中才安然無事，而且離開了善法。’
96. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解： ‘有布施；有祭祀；有祭品；有苦樂業的果報；有今生；有他世；有父恩；有母恩；有化生的眾生；在世上有進入正道、完滿修行的沙門婆羅門，親身以無比智證得有今生和他世。’ 他們便會去掉身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法，轉而作出身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “這是有他世的，而他們持 ‘有他世’ 這種見解，這是一種正見。這是有他世的，而他們帶著 ‘有他世’ 這種思維，這是一種正思維。這是有他世的，而他們說 ‘有他世’ 這種說話，這是一種正語。這是有他世的，而他們說 ‘有他世’ ，這跟說有他世的阿羅漢沒有抵觸。這是有他世的，而他們教人 ‘有他世’ 的法義，這是教正法。他們教正法，不會由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的惡行而建立善行。以正見為條件，帶來正見、正思維、正語、不抵觸聖者、教正法、不抬高自己和貶低別人等無數善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果有他世的話，善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。即使不想說有他世，就讓說沒有他世的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者稱讚為戒行好的人、正見的人、持善因善果的見解的人。如果有他世，這個人兩生都是好的：現生受智者稱讚，身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。如果善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人能在 “沒有他世” 或 “有他世” 兩種論點之中都得到好結果，而且離開了不善法。’
97. “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門這樣說，他們持這種見解： ‘自己親手做或教別人做以下的事情：斬殺、燒殺、使人悲傷、使人疲累、使人顫抖、傷害生命、偷盜、搶劫、爆竊、攔途截劫、侵犯別人妻子、說妄語等都不是作惡。即使在車輪邊緣裝上利刃到處行走，把地上的眾生切割成一堆堆肉，這也沒有惡的因緣，不會有惡報到來。若去恆河南岸殺人、屠殺，斬殺、教別人斬殺，燒殺、教別人燒殺，這也沒有惡的因緣，不會有惡報到來；再去恆河北岸布施、教別人布施，祭祀、教別人祭祀，這也沒有福的因緣，不會有福報到來。布施、自我調伏、自我節制、說真話等沒有福，不會有福報到來。’ “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門則完全相反，他們這樣說： ‘自己親手做或教別人做以下的事情：斬殺、燒殺、使人悲傷、使人疲累、使人顫抖、傷害生命、偷盜、搶劫、爆竊、攔途截劫、侵犯別人妻子、說妄語等都是作惡。若在車輪邊緣裝上利刃到處行走，把地上的眾生切割成一堆堆肉，這有惡的因緣，會有惡報到來。若去恆河南岸殺人、屠殺，斬殺、教別人斬殺，燒殺、教別人燒殺，這有惡的因緣，會有惡報到來；若去恆河北岸布施、教別人布施，祭祀、教別人祭祀，這有福的因緣，會有福報到來。布施、自我調伏、自我節制、說真話等有福，會有福報到來。’ “居士們，你們認為怎樣，這些沙門婆羅門互相之間是不是完全相反呢？” “大德，是的。”
98. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解： ‘自己親手做或教別人做以下的事情：斬殺、燒殺、使人悲傷、使人疲累、使人顫抖、傷害生命、偷盜、搶劫、爆竊、攔途截劫、侵犯別人妻子、說妄語等都不是作惡……’ 他們便會不行踐身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法，轉而作出身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看不見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看不見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “這是有作善作惡的，但他們持 ‘沒有作善作惡’ 這種見解，這是一種邪見。這是有作善作惡的，但他們帶著 ‘沒有作善作惡’ 這種思維，這是一種邪思維。這是有作善作惡的，但他們說 ‘沒有作善作惡’ 這種說話，這是一種邪語。這是有作善作惡的，但他們說 ‘沒有作善作惡’ ，這跟說有作善作惡的阿羅漢抵觸。這是有作善作惡的，但他們教人 ‘沒有作善作惡’ 的法義，這是教不正確的法義。他們教不正確的法義，由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的善行而建立惡行。以邪見為條件，帶來邪見、邪思維、邪語、抵觸聖者、教不正確的法義、抬高自己和貶低別人等無數惡不善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果沒有作善作惡的話，不善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後安然無事。如果有作善作惡的話，這個人會在身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。即使不想說有作善作惡，就讓說沒有作善作惡的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者譴責為戒行不好的人、邪見的人、持沒有作善作惡的見解的人。如果有作善作惡，這個人兩生都遇到不幸：現生受智者譴責，身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。如果不善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人只能在 “沒有作善作惡” 這種論點之中才安然無事，而且離開了善法。’
99. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解： ‘自己親手做或教別人做以下的事情：斬殺、燒殺、使人悲傷、使人疲累、使人顫抖、傷害生命、偷盜、搶劫、爆竊、攔途截劫、侵犯別人妻子、說妄語等都是作惡……’ 他們便會去掉身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法，轉而作出身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “這是有作善作惡的，而他們持 ‘有作善作惡’ 這種見解，這是一種正見。這是有作善作惡的，而他們帶著 ‘有作善作惡’ 這種思維，這是一種正思維。這是有作善作惡的，而他們說 ‘有作善作惡’ 這種說話，這是一種正語。這是有作善作惡的，而他們說 ‘有作善作惡’ ，這跟說有作善作惡的阿羅漢沒有抵觸。這是有作善作惡的，而他們教人 ‘有作善作惡’ 的法義，這是教正法。他們教正法，不會由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的惡行而建立善行。以正見為條件，帶來正見、正思維、正語、不抵觸聖者、教正法、不抬高自己和貶低別人等無數善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果有作善作惡的話，善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。即使不想說有作善作惡，就讓說沒有作善作惡的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者稱讚為戒行好的人、正見的人、持有作善作惡的見解的人。如果有作善作惡，這個人兩生都是好的：現生受智者稱讚，身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。如果善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人能在 “沒有作善作惡” 或 “有作善作惡” 兩種論點之中都得到好結果，而且離開了不善法。’
100. “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門這樣說，他們持這種見解： ‘沒有因、沒有緣令眾生污染，眾生的污染是沒有因、沒有緣的；沒有因、沒有緣令眾生清淨，眾生的清淨是沒有因、沒有緣的。沒有力，沒有精進，沒有人的奮勇，沒有人的進取。所有眾生、所有生命都沒有權、沒有力、沒有精進，一起命中注定地在六道之中生存，感受苦和樂。’ “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門則完全相反，他們這樣說： ‘有因、有緣令眾生污染，眾生的污染是有因、有緣的；有因、有緣令眾生清淨，眾生的清淨是有因、有緣的。有力，有精進，有人的奮勇，有人的進取。不是所有眾生、所有生命都沒有權、沒有力、沒有精進，一起命中注定地在六道之中生存，感受苦和樂的。’ “居士們，你們認為怎樣，這些沙門婆羅門互相之間是不是完全相反呢？” “大德，是的。”
101. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解：‘沒有因、沒有緣令眾生污染，眾生的污染是沒有因、沒有緣的；沒有因、沒有緣令眾生清淨，眾生的清淨是沒有因、沒有緣的……’ 他們便會不行踐身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法，轉而作出身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看不見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看不見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “清淨與污染是有原因的，但他們持 ‘清淨與污染沒有原因’ 這種見解，這是一種邪見。清淨與污染是有原因的，但他們帶著 ‘清淨與污染沒有原因’ 這種思維，這是一種邪思維。清淨與污染是有原因的，但他們說 ‘清淨與污染沒有原因’ 這種說話，這是一種邪語。清淨與污染是有原因的，但他們說 ‘清淨與污染沒有原因’ ，這跟說清淨與污染是有原因的阿羅漢抵觸。清淨與污染是有原因的，但他們教人 ‘清淨與污染沒有原因’ 的法義，這是教不正確的法義。他們教不正確的法義，由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的善行而建立惡行。以邪見為條件，帶來邪見、邪思維、邪語、抵觸聖者、教不正確的法義、抬高自己和貶低別人等無數惡不善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果清淨與污染是沒有原因的話，不善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後安然無事。如果清淨與污染是有原因的話，這個人會在身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。即使不想說清淨與污染是有原因的，就讓說清淨與污染沒有原因的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者譴責為戒行不好的人、邪見的人、持清淨與污染沒有原因的見解的人。如果清淨與污染是有原因的，這個人兩生都遇到不幸：現生受智者譴責，身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中。如果不善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人只能在 “清淨與污染沒有原因” 這種論點之中才安然無事，而且離開了善法。’
102. “居士們，如果沙門婆羅門這樣說，如果他們持這種見解：‘有因、有緣令眾生污染，眾生的污染是有因、有緣的；有因、有緣令眾生清淨，眾生的清淨是有因、有緣的……’ 他們便會去掉身惡行、口惡行、意惡行這三種不善法，轉而作出身善行、口善行、意善行這三種善法。這是什麼原因呢？因為這些沙門婆羅門賢者看見不善法的過患、退墮、染污，看見善法的出離、利益、清淨。 “清淨與污染是有原因的，而他們持 ‘清淨與污染是有原因的’ 這種見解，這是一種正見。清淨與污染是有原因的，而他們帶著 ‘清淨與污染是有原因的’ 這種思維，這是一種正思維。清淨與污染是有原因的，而他們說 ‘清淨與污染是有原因的’ 這種說話，這是一種正語。清淨與污染是有原因的，而他們說 ‘清淨與污染是有原因的’ ，這跟說清淨與污染是有原因的阿羅漢沒有抵觸。清淨與污染是有原因的，而他們教人 ‘清淨與污染是有原因的’ 的法義，這是教正法。他們教正法，不會由此而抬高自己、貶低別人。 “他們捨棄之前的惡行而建立善行。以正見為條件，帶來正見、正思維、正語、不抵觸聖者、教正法、不抬高自己和貶低別人等無數善法。
“居士們，有智慧的人會這樣反思： ‘如果清淨與污染是有原因的話，善著手修習無諍之法的人會在身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。即使不想說清淨與污染是有原因的，就讓說清淨與污染沒有原因的沙門婆羅門的說話是真的，這個人在現生之中也被智者稱讚為戒行好的人、正見的人、持清淨與污染是有原因的見解的人。如果清淨與污染是有原因的，這個人兩生都是好的：現生受智者稱讚，身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。如果善著手修習無諍之法的話，一個人能在 “清淨與污染沒有原因” 或 “清淨與污染是有原因的” 兩種論點之中都得到好結果，而且離開了不善法。’
103. “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門這樣說，他們持這種見解： ‘沒有無色界。’ “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門則完全相反，他們這樣說： ‘有無色界。’ “居士們，你們認為怎樣，這些沙門婆羅門互相之間是不是完全相反呢？” “大德，是的。” “居士們，有智慧的人這樣反思： ‘一些沙門婆羅門賢者說沒有無色界，但我看不見。一些沙門婆羅門賢者說有無色界，但我不知道。在我不知道、看不見的情形下，是不適宜執持任何一方而說某一方真、某一方假的。一些沙門婆羅門說沒有無色界，如果他們的說話是真的話，我修習無諍之法，可以投生至由意所作的色界天之中。一些沙門婆羅門說有無色界，如果他們的說話是真的話，我修習無諍之法，可以投生至由想所作的無色界天之中──手拿棒杖、手拿武器、爭吵、爭罵、爭執、不和、兩舌、妄語等都是因色而有，無色界是沒有這些東西的。’ 他這樣計量後，便進入對色厭離、無欲、寂滅的道路。
104. “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門這樣說，他們持這種見解： ‘沒有 “有的息滅” 。’ “居士們，一些沙門婆羅門則完全相反，他們這樣說： ‘有 “有的息滅” 。’ “居士們，你們認為怎樣，這些沙門婆羅門互相之間是不是完全相反呢？” “大德，是的。” “居士們，有智慧的人這樣反思： ‘一些沙門婆羅門賢者說沒有 “有的息滅” ，但我看不見。一些沙門婆羅門賢者說有 “有的息滅” ，但我不知道。在我不知道、看不見的情形下，是不適宜執持任何一方而說某一方真、某一方假的。一些沙門婆羅門說沒有 “有的息滅” ，如果他們的說話是真的話，我修習無諍之法，可以投生至由想所作的無色界天之中。一些沙門婆羅門說有 “有的息滅” ，如果他們的說話是真的話，我可以現生得到湼槃。持沒有 “有的息滅” 這種見解的沙門婆羅門習近貪欲，習近結縛，習近愛喜，習近愛著，習近取著。持有 “有的息滅” 這種見解的沙門婆羅門習近無貪欲，習近無結縛，習近無愛喜，習近無愛著，習近無取著。’ 他這樣計量後，便進入對有厭離、無欲、寂滅的道路。
105. “居士們，世上有四種人，是哪四種呢？一種人折磨自己，常做折磨自己的行為。一種人折磨其他眾生，常做折磨其他眾生的行為。一種人折磨自己和其他眾生，常做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為。一種人不折磨自己和其他眾生，不做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為；他在現生之中平伏、寂滅、清涼、體驗快樂，像梵天那樣生活。
106. “居士們，什麼是折磨自己，常做折磨自己的行為的人呢？ “居士們，一些裸體外道，不跟隨常人的生活習慣，不用缽而只用手來盛載食物吃，不接受別人呼喚過去取的食物，不接受別人呼喚停下來取的食物，不接受別人帶來的食物，不接受專為自己準備的食物，不接受別人邀請供養的食物，不取盤中的食物，不取鍋中的食物，不在門檻間接受食物，不在棒杖間接受食物，不在杵臼間接受食物，不在有兩人在吃食物的地方接受食物，不在有人懷孕的地方接受食物，不在有人哺乳的地方接受食物，不在有人性交的地方接受食物，不在有人專作布施的地方接受食物，不在有狗看守的地方接受食物，不在蒼蠅群集的地方接受食物，不接受魚類，不接受肉類，不飲酒，不飲果酒，不飲米酒。 “他們只去七家化食及只取七口食物，只去六家化食及只取六口食物……以至只去一家化食及只取一口食物；一天化食一次，兩天才化食一次……以至七天才化食一次；一天吃食物一次，兩天才吃食物一次……以至七天才吃食物一次。他們以這方法來修習，直至每逢半個月才吃食物一次。 “他們只吃野菜、麥、生米、野米、水草、穀、米水渣、芝麻、草、牛糞；他們只吃樹下的果子和野果。 “他們穿麻、粗麻、裹屍布、破布、樹皮、羚羊皮、羚羊皮條、吉祥草衣、樹皮衣、木條衣、頭髮衣、馬尾毛衣、貓頭鷹羽毛衣。 “他們是一些修習拔鬚髮的人，常把自己的鬚髮拔除；他們是一些修習長期站立的人，不使用坐具；他們是一些修習長時間蹲下的人，盡力保持蹲下的姿勢；他們是一些修習睡刺床的人，睡在帶有尖刺的床上；他們是一些每天沐浴三次的人，晚上也會到水中沐浴。 “他們修習以上各種的方法，不斷折磨、嚴重折磨這個身體。居士們，這就是稱為折磨自己，常做折磨自己的行為的人了。
“居士們，什麼是折磨其他眾生，常做折磨其他眾生的行為的人呢？ “居士們，一些屠羊、屠豬等屠夫，捕鳥、捕獸、捕魚等獵師，盜賊、劊子手、獄卒，或做任何血腥、殘忍行業的人。居士們，這就是稱為折磨其他眾生，常做折磨其他眾生的行為的人了。
“居士們，什麼是折磨自己和其他眾生，常做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為的人呢？ “居士們，一些灌頂剎帝利王或有大壇場的婆羅門，在都城東面建造一所新的聚集堂後，剃掉頭髮和鬍鬚，穿上皮革衣，塗上酥油，用鹿角來搔背癢；他與夫人、婆羅門、主祭師一起進入舖上青草的聚集堂，首先從母牛身上喝一口牛乳，夫人喝第二口，婆羅門與主祭師同喝第三口，再把剩下來小牛賴以生存的牛乳擠乾，用來祭火，他這樣說： ‘宰殺多些公牛來祭祀吧，宰殺多些小牛來祭祀吧，宰殺多些小乳牛來祭祀吧，宰殺多些綿羊來祭祀吧，宰殺多些山羊來祭祀吧，斬截多些樹來造祭祀柱吧，收割多些草來作祭祀草吧！’ 他的僕人、傭人、工人迫於無奈，只好哭泣、臉上帶著淚水地做祭祀的工作。居士們，這就是稱為折磨自己和其他眾生，常做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為的人了。
“居士們，什麼是不折磨自己和其他眾生，不做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為；在現生之中平伏、寂滅、清涼、體驗快樂，像梵天那樣生活的人呢？ “居士們，如來出現於世上，是一位阿羅漢．等正覺．明行具足．善逝．世間解．無上士．調御者．天人師．佛．世尊；親身證得無比智，然後在這個有天神、魔羅、梵天、沙門、婆羅門、國王、眾人的世間宣說法義；所說的法義開首、中間、結尾都是善美的，有意義、有好的言辭、圓滿、清淨、開示梵行。 “居士或出身於各種種姓的人聽了這些法義之後，對如來生起了敬信；有了這份敬信，他這樣反思： ‘在家生活有很多障礙，是塵垢之道；出家生活有如空曠的地方那樣沒有障礙。在家生活不易生活在圓滿、清淨、如螺那樣潔白的梵行之中。讓我剃掉頭髮和鬍鬚，穿著袈裟衣，從家庭生活中出家，過沒有家庭的生活吧。’ 後來，他捨棄所有財富，捨棄所有親屬，剃掉頭髮和鬍鬚，穿著袈裟衣，從家庭生活中出家，過沒有家庭的生活。 “他成為一位出家人，具有比丘的修學和比丘的正命。他捨棄殺生、遠離殺生，放下棒杖、放下武器，對所有生命都有悲憫心。他捨棄偷盜、遠離偷盜，別人不給的東西便不取，別人不給的東西便不要；有一個不偷盜的清淨心。他捨棄非梵行，他是一個梵行者，遠離性行為這世俗的行為。他捨棄妄語、遠離妄語，他說真話、只說真話、誠實、可信賴、說話沒有前後不一。他捨棄兩舌、遠離兩舌、不會說離間別人的話，他幫助分裂的得到復合、喜歡和合、景仰和合、欣樂和合、說使人和合的話。他捨棄惡口、遠離惡口，無論他說什麼，都柔和、悅耳、和藹、親切、有禮、令人歡喜、令人心悅。他捨棄綺語、遠離綺語，他說適時的話、真實的話、有意義的話、和法有關的話、和律有關的話、有價值的話，他在適當的時候說話，說話有道理，適可而止，對人有益。 “他遠離損害種子和植物的行為；他一天只吃一餐，過了中午不吃東西，遠離非時食；遠離觀看跳舞、唱歌、奏樂、表演；遠離花環、香水、膏油、飾物；遠離豪華的大床；遠離接受金銀錢財；遠離接受穀物；遠離接受生肉；遠離接受婦女；遠離接受僕人；遠離接受禽畜；遠離接受農田；遠離替人做信使；遠離做買賣；遠離欺騙的量秤；遠離賄賂、欺騙、詐騙；遠離傷害、殺害、綑綁、攔劫、搶掠。 “他對能蔽體的衣服知足、對能果腹的食物知足，無論去哪裏，都只是和衣缽隨行。就正如雀鳥和牠的羽翼，無論雀鳥飛去哪裏，都只是和雙翼隨行。同樣地，一位比丘對能蔽體的衣服知足、對能果腹的食物知足，無論去哪裏，都只是和衣缽隨行。他具有聖者之戒蘊，親身體驗沒有過失之樂。 “他在眼看到色之後，不執取形，不執取相。他知道如果不約束眼根的話，貪著、苦惱這些惡不善法便會漏入內心，因此他約束眼根，守護眼根，修習眼根律儀。 “他在耳聽到聲之後…… “他在鼻嗅到香之後…… “他在舌嚐到味之後…… “他在身感到觸之後…… “他在意想到法之後，不執取形，不執取相。他知道如果不約束意根的話，貪著、苦惱這些惡不善法便會漏入內心，因此他約束意根，守護意根，修習意根律儀。他具有聖者之根律儀，親身體驗無染之樂。 “他在往還的時候，對往還有覺知；在向前觀望、向周圍觀望的時候，對向前觀望、向周圍觀望有覺知；在屈伸身體的時候，對屈伸身體有覺知；在穿衣持缽的時候，對穿衣持缽有覺知；在飲食、咀嚼、感受味覺的時候，對飲食、咀嚼、感受味覺有覺知；在大便、小便的時候，對大便、小便有覺知；在行走、站立、坐下、睡覺、睡醒、說話、靜默的時候，對行走、站立、坐下、睡覺、睡醒、說話、靜默有覺知。 “他具有聖者之戒蘊、聖者之根律儀、聖者之念和覺知，居住在叢林、樹下、深山、山谷、岩洞、墓地、森林、曠野、草堆等遠離的住處之中。他在化食完畢，吃過食物後返回，然後盤腿坐下來，豎直腰身，把念保持安放在要繫念的地方。 “他捨棄世上的貪欲，超越貪欲；內心清除了貪欲。 “他捨棄瞋恚，心中沒有瞋恚，只有利益和悲憫所有眾生；內心清除了瞋恚。 “他捨棄昏睡，超越昏睡，有光明想，有念和覺知；內心清除了昏睡。 “他捨棄掉悔，沒有激盪，有一個內裏平靜的心；內心清除了掉悔。 “他捨棄疑惑，超越疑惑，沒有疑惑；內心清除了對善法的疑惑。 “他捨棄使內心污穢、使智慧軟弱的五蓋，內心離開了五欲、離開了不善法，有覺、有觀，有由離開五欲和不善法所生起的喜和樂；他進入了初禪。他平息了覺和觀，內裏平伏、內心安住一境，沒有覺、沒有觀，有由定所生起的喜和樂；他進入了二禪。他保持捨心，對喜沒有貪著，有念和覺知，通過身體來體會樂──聖者說： ‘這人有捨，有念，安住在樂之中。’ ──他進入了三禪。他滅除了苦和樂，喜和惱在之前已經消失，沒有苦、沒有樂，有捨、念、清淨；他進入了四禪。
“當他的內心有定、清淨、明晰、沒有斑點、沒有污染、柔軟、受駕馭、安住、不動搖時，把心導向宿命智。他能憶起過去無數生的事情──不論一生、兩生、三生、百生、千生、百千生，不論無數的成劫、無數的壞劫、無數的成壞劫──在那一生之中是什麼姓名，什麼種族，什麼種姓，吃什麼食物，體會什麼苦與樂，壽命有多長，死後又投生到另一生；而在另一生之中又是什麼姓名，什麼種族，什麼種姓，吃什麼食物，體會什麼苦與樂，壽命有多長，死後又再投生到另一生。他能憶起過去無數生的生活方式和生活細節。 “當他的內心有定、清淨、明晰、沒有斑點、沒有污染、柔軟、受駕馭、安住、不動搖時，把心導向眾生生死智。他以清淨及超於常人的天眼，看見眾生怎樣死後再次投生；知道不同的業使眾生在上等或下等、高種姓或低種姓、善趣或惡趣的地方投生──這些眾生由於具有身不善行、口不善行、意不善行，責難聖者，懷有邪見，做出由邪見所驅動的業，因此在身壞命終之後投生在惡趣、地獄之中；那些眾生由於具有身善行、口善行、意善行，稱讚聖者，懷有正見，做出由正見所驅動的業，因此在身壞命終之後投生在善趣、天界之中。 “當他的內心有定、清淨、明晰、沒有斑點、沒有污染、柔軟、受駕馭、安住、不動搖時，把心導向漏盡智。他如實知道什麼是苦，如實知道什麼是苦集，如實知道什麼是苦滅，如實知道什麼是苦滅之道；他如實知道什麼是漏，如實知道什麼是漏集，如實知道什麼是漏滅，如實知道什麼是漏滅之道。當他有了以上的知見時，心便從欲漏、有漏、無明漏之中解脫出來。在得到解脫時會帶來一種解脫智，他知道：生已經盡除，梵行已經達成，應要做的已經做完，沒有下一生。居士們，這就是稱為不折磨自己和其他眾生，不做折磨自己和其他眾生的行為；在現生之中平伏、寂滅、清涼、體驗快樂，像梵天那樣生活的人了。”
當世尊說了這番話後，娑羅村的婆羅門居士對他說： “喬答摩賢者，妙極了！喬答摩賢者，妙極了！喬答摩賢者能以各種不同的方式來演說法義，就像把倒轉了的東西反正過來；像為受覆蓋的東西揭開遮掩；像為迷路者指示正道；像在黑暗中拿著油燈的人，使其他有眼睛的人可以看見東西。我們皈依喬答摩賢者、皈依法、皈依比丘僧。願喬答摩賢者接受我們為優婆塞，從現在起，直至命終，終生皈依！”
無諍經 第十 完 (Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ)
Gahapativaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ –
Kandaranāgarasekhavato ca, potaliyo puna jīvakabhacco;
Upālidamatho kukkuraabhayo, bahuvedanīyāpaṇṇakato dasamo.
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