Kālaṃ karonto atidukkarāni;

Khedaṃ gato lokahitāya nātho;

Namo mahākāruṇikassa tassa.

Asambudhaṃ buddhanisevitaṃ yaṃ;

Bhavābhavaṃ gacchati jīvaloko;

Viddhaṃsino dhammavarassa tassa.

Guṇehi yo sīlasamādhipaññā-

Vimuttiñāṇappabhutīhi yutto;

Khettaṃ janānaṃ kusalatthikānaṃ;

Tamariyasaṅghaṃ sirasā namāmi.

Iccevamaccantanamassaneyyaṃ;

Namassamāno ratanattayaṃ yaṃ;

Puññābhisandaṃ vipulaṃ alatthaṃ;

Tassānubhāvena hatantarāyo.

Patiṭṭhitaṃ hoti susaṇṭhitassa;

Taṃ vaṇṇayissaṃ vinayaṃ amissaṃ;

Nissāya pubbācariyānubhāvaṃ.

Kāmañca pubbācariyāsabhehi;

Ñāṇambuniddhotamalāsavehi;

Saddhammasaṃvaṇṇanakovidehi.

Sallekhiye nosulabhūpamehi;

Mahāvihārassa dhajūpamehi;

Saṃvaṇṇitoyaṃ vinayo nayehi;

Cittehi sambuddhavaranvayehi.

Saṃvaṇṇanā sīhaḷadīpakena;

Vākyena esā pana saṅkhatattā;

Dīpantare bhikkhujanassa yasmā.

Tasmā imaṃ pāḷinayānurūpaṃ;

Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ dāni samārabhissaṃ;

Ajjhesanaṃ buddhasirivhayassa;

Therassa sammā samanussaranto.

Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ tañca samārabhanto;

Tassā mahāaṭṭhakathaṃ sarīraṃ;

Katvā mahāpaccariyaṃ tatheva;

Kurundināmādisu vissutāsu.

Vinicchayo aṭṭhakathāsu vutto;

Yo yuttamatthaṃ apariccajanto;

Tatopi antogadhatheravādaṃ;

Saṃvaṇṇanaṃ samma samārabhissaṃ.

Therā ca bhikkhū navamajjhimā ca;

Dhammappadīpassa tathāgatassa;

Sakkacca dhammaṃ patimānayantā.

Buddhena dhammo vinayo ca vutto;

Yo tassa puttehi tatheva ñāto;

So yehi tesaṃ matimaccajantā;

Yasmā pure aṭṭhakathā akaṃsu.

Taṃ vajjayitvāna pamādalekhaṃ;

Yasmā pamāṇaṃ idha paṇḍitānaṃ.

Tato ca bhāsantarameva hitvā;

Vitthāramaggañca samāsayitvā;

Vinicchayaṃ sabbamasesayitvā;

Tantikkamaṃ kiñci avokkamitvā.

Suttantikānaṃ vacanānamatthaṃ;

Suttānurūpaṃ paridīpayantī;

Yasmā ayaṃ hessati vaṇṇanāpi;

Sakkacca tasmā anusikkhitabbāti.

Bāhiranidānakathā

Vuttaṃ yena yadā yasmā, dhāritaṃ yena cābhataṃ;

Yatthappatiṭṭhitacetametaṃ vatvā vidhiṃ tato.

Tenātiādipāṭhassa, atthaṃ nānappakārato;

Dassayanto karissāmi, vinayassatthavaṇṇananti.

Paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā

‘‘Yaṃnūnāhaṃ dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyaṃ, yathayidaṃ sāsanaṃ addhaniyaṃ assa ciraṭṭhitikaṃ.

Yaṃ cāhaṃ bhagavatā –

‘Dhāressasi pana me tvaṃ, kassapa, sāṇāni paṃsukūlāni nibbasanānī’ti vatvā cīvare sādhāraṇaparibhogena ceva,

‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvade ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharāmi; kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvade ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi…pe… paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharatī’ti –

‘‘Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘ekamidāhaṃ, āvuso, samayaṃ pāvāya kusināraṃ addhānamaggappaṭipanno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehī’’ti (dī. ni. 2.231) sabbaṃ subhaddakaṇḍaṃ vitthārato veditabbaṃ.

‘‘Handa mayaṃ, āvuso, dhammañca vinayañca saṅgāyeyyāma. Pure adhammo dippati, dhammo paṭibāhiyyati; avinayo dippati, vinayo paṭibāhiyyati. Pure adhammavādino balavanto honti, dhammavādino dubbalā honti; avinayavādino balavanto honti, vinayavādino dubbalā hontī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).

Bhikkhū āhaṃsu – ‘‘tena hi, bhante, thero bhikkhū uccinatū’’ti. Thero sakalanavaṅgasatthusāsanapariyattidhare puthujjana-sotāpanna-sakadāgāmi-anāgāmi-sukkhavipassakakhīṇāsavabhikkhū anekasate anekasahasse ca vajjetvā tipiṭakasabbapariyattippabhedadhare paṭisambhidāppatte mahānubhāve yebhuyyena bhagavatā etadaggaṃ āropite tevijjādibhede khīṇāsavabhikkhūyeva ekūnapañcasate pariggahesi. Ye sandhāya idaṃ vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo ekenūnāpañcaarahantasatāni uccinī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).

Atha sayameva bhikkhū ānandassatthāya theraṃ yāciṃsu. Yathāha –

‘‘Bhikkhū āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā ānando kiñcāpi sekkho abhabbo chandā dosā mohā bhayā agatiṃ gantuṃ, bahu cānena bhagavato santike dhammo ca vinayo ca pariyatto; tena hi, bhante, thero āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccinatū’ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo āyasmantampi ānandaṃ uccinī’’ti (cūḷava. 437).

Evaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anumatiyā uccinitena tenāyasmatā saddhiṃ pañca therasatāni ahesuṃ.

‘‘Akālo kho, māṇavaka, atthi me ajja bhesajjamattā pītā, appeva nāma svepi upasaṅkameyyāmā’’ti (dī. ni. 1.447).

Dutiyadivase cetakattherena pacchāsamaṇena gantvā subhena māṇavena puṭṭho dīghanikāye subhasuttaṃnāma dasamaṃ suttamabhāsi.

Atha thero jetavanavihāre khaṇḍaphullappaṭisaṅkharaṇaṃ kārāpetvā upakaṭṭhāya vassūpanāyikāya rājagahaṃ gato. Tathā mahākassapatthero anuruddhatthero ca sabbaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ gahetvā rājagahameva gato.

‘‘Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ upāliṃ vinayaṃ puccheyya’nti.

‘‘Āyasmāpi upāli saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena vinayaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti.

Vinayaṃ saṅgāyitvā dhammaṃ saṅgāyitukāmo āyasmā mahākassapo bhikkhū pucchi – ‘‘dhammaṃ saṅgāyantehi kaṃ puggalaṃ dhuraṃ katvā dhammo saṅgāyitabbo’’ti? Bhikkhū ‘‘ānandattheraṃ dhuraṃ katvā’’ti āhaṃsu.

Atha kho āyasmā mahākassapo saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, āvuso, saṅgho. Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ ānandaṃ dhammaṃ puccheyya’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando saṅghaṃ ñāpesi –

‘‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṃ, ahaṃ āyasmatā mahākassapena dhammaṃ puṭṭho vissajjeyya’’nti.

Pañcanikāyā nāma – dīghanikāyo, majjhimanikāyo, saṃyuttanikāyo, aṅguttaranikāyo, khuddakanikāyoti. Tattha khuddakanikāyo nāma – cattāro nikāye ṭhapetvā, avasesaṃ buddhavacanaṃ. Tattha vinayo āyasmatā upālittherena vissajjito, sesakhuddakanikāyo cattāro ca nikāyā ānandattherena. Tadetaṃ sabbampi buddhavacanaṃ rasavasena ekavidhaṃ, dhammavinayavasena duvidhaṃ, paṭhamamajjhimapacchimavasena tividhaṃ; tathā piṭakavasena, nikāyavasena pañcavidhaṃ, aṅgavasena navavidhaṃ, dhammakkhandhavasena caturāsītisahassavidhanti veditabbaṃ.

Kathaṃ rasavasena ekavidhaṃ? Yañhi bhagavatā anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhitvā yāva anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyati, etthantare pañcacattālīsavassāni devamanussanāgayakkhādayo anusāsantena paccavekkhantena vā vuttaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ ekarasaṃ vimuttirasameva hoti. Evaṃ rasavasena ekavidhaṃ.

Kathaṃ paṭhamamajjhimapacchimavasena tividhaṃ? Sabbameva hidaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ, majjhimabuddhavacanaṃ, pacchimabuddhavacananti tippabhedaṃ hoti. Tattha –

‘‘Anekajātisaṃsāraṃ, sandhāvissaṃ anibbisaṃ;

Gahakāraṃ gavesanto, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.

Sabbā te phāsukā bhaggā, gahakūṭaṃ visaṅkhataṃ;

Visaṅkhāragataṃ cittaṃ, taṇhānaṃ khayamajjhagā’’ti. (dha. pa. 153-154);

Idaṃ paṭhamabuddhavacanaṃ.

Keci ‘‘yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā’’ti khandhake udānagāthaṃ āhu. Esā pana pāṭipadadivase sabbaññubhāvappattassa somanassamayañāṇena paccayākāraṃ paccavekkhantassa uppannā udānagāthāti veditabbā.

Yaṃ pana parinibbānakāle abhāsi – ‘‘handa dāni, bhikkhave, āmantayāmi vo, vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādethā’’ti (dī. ni. 2.218) idaṃ pacchimabuddhavacanaṃ.

Ubhinnamantare yaṃ vuttaṃ etaṃ majjhimabuddhavacananti. Evaṃ paṭhamamajjhimapacchimavasena tividhaṃ.

Dhammasaṅgaho, vibhaṅgo, dhātukathā, puggalapaññatti, kathāvatthu, yamakaṃ, paṭṭhānanti idaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ nāma. Tattha –

Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto.

‘‘Vividhavisesanayattā, vinayanato ceva kāyavācānaṃ;

Vinayatthavidūhi ayaṃ, vinayo vinayoti akkhāto’’ti.

Itaraṃ pana –

Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatotha sūdanato;

Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca, suttanti akkhātaṃ.

Tañhi attatthaparatthādibhede atthe sūceti, suvuttā cettha atthā veneyyajjhāsayānulomena vuttattā. Savati cetaṃ atthe sassamiva phalaṃ pasavatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Sūdati cetaṃ dhenuviya khīraṃ, paggharatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suṭṭhu ca ne tāyati rakkhatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Suttasabhāgañcetaṃ, yathā hi tacchakānaṃ suttaṃ pamāṇaṃ hoti; evametampi viññūnaṃ. Yathā ca suttena saṅgahitāni pupphāni na vikiriyanti na viddhaṃsiyanti; evametena saṅgahitā atthā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –

‘‘Atthānaṃ sūcanato, suvuttato savanatotha sūdanato;

Suttāṇā suttasabhāgato ca, suttanti akkhāta’’nti.

Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;

Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto.

Ettha ca ‘‘rūpūpapattiyā maggaṃ bhāveti, mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharatī’’tiādinā (dha. sa. 160 ādayo) nayena vuḍḍhimantopi dhammā vuttā. ‘‘Rūpārammaṇaṃ vā saddārammaṇaṃ vā’’tiādinā nayena ārammaṇādīhi lakkhaṇīyattā salakkhaṇāpi. ‘‘Sekkhā dhammā, asekkhā dhammā, lokuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā nayena pūjitāpi pūjārahāti adhippāyo. ‘‘Phasso hoti vedanā hotī’’tiādinā nayena sabhāvaparicchinnattā paricchinnāpi. ‘‘Mahaggatā dhammā, appamāṇā dhammā, anuttarā dhammā’’tiādinā nayena adhikāpi dhammā vuttā. Tenetametassa vacanatthakosallatthaṃ vuttaṃ –

‘‘Yaṃ ettha vuḍḍhimanto, salakkhaṇā pūjitā paricchinnā;

Vuttādhikā ca dhammā, abhidhammo tena akkhāto’’ti.

Yaṃ panettha avisiṭṭhaṃ, taṃ –

Piṭakaṃ piṭakatthavidū, pariyattibbhājanatthato āhu;

Tena samodhānetvā, tayopi vinayādayo ñeyyā.

Evaṃ ñatvā ca punapi tesveva piṭakesu nānappakārakosallatthaṃ –

Desanāsāsanakathā, bhedaṃ tesu yathārahaṃ;

Sikkhāpahānagambhīra, bhāvañca paridīpaye.

Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiṃ cāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;

Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye.

Tatrāyaṃ paridīpanā vibhāvanā ca, etāni hi tīṇi piṭakāni yathākkamaṃ āṇā vohāra paramatthadesanā yathāparādha-yathānuloma-yathādhammasāsanāni, saṃvarāsaṃvaradiṭṭhiviniveṭhanāmarūpaparicchedakathāti ca vuccanti.

Ettha hi vinayapiṭakaṃ āṇārahena bhagavatā āṇābāhullato desitattā āṇādesanā, suttantapiṭakaṃ vohārakusalena bhagavatā vohārabāhullato desitattā vohāradesanā, abhidhammapiṭakaṃ paramatthakusalena bhagavatā paramatthabāhullato desitattā paramatthadesanāti vuccati.

Vinayapiṭake ca vītikkamappahānaṃ kilesānaṃ, vītikkamapaṭipakkhattā sīlassa. Suttantapiṭake pariyuṭṭhānappahānaṃ, pariyuṭṭhānapaṭipakkhattā samādhissa. Abhidhammapiṭake anusayappahānaṃ anusayapaṭipakkhattā paññāya.

Paṭhame ca tadaṅgappahānaṃ kilesānaṃ, itaresu vikkhambhanasamucchedappahānāni. Paṭhame ca duccaritasaṃkilesassa pahānaṃ, itaresu taṇhādiṭṭhisaṃkilesānaṃ.

Aparo nayo – dhammoti hetu. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ – ‘‘hetumhi ñāṇaṃ dhammapaṭisambhidā’’ti. Atthoti hetuphalaṃ. Vuttaṃ hetaṃ – ‘‘hetuphale ñāṇaṃ atthapaṭisambhidā’’ti. Desanāti paññatti, yathādhammaṃ dhammābhilāpoti adhippāyo. Paṭivedhoti abhisamayo, so ca lokiyalokuttaro visayato asammohato ca atthānurūpaṃ dhammesu, dhammānurūpaṃ atthesu, paññattipathānurūpaṃ paññattīsu avabodho.

Sikkhāpahānagambhīrabhāvañca paridīpaye’’ti.

Ayaṃ gāthā vuttatthā hoti.

‘‘Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiñcāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;

Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye’’ti.

Ettha pana tīsu piṭakesu tividho pariyattibhedo daṭṭhabbo. Tisso hi pariyattiyo – alagaddūpamā, nissaraṇatthā, bhaṇḍāgārikapariyattīti.

Tattha yā duggahitā upārambhādihetu pariyāpuṭā, ayaṃ alagaddūpamā. Yaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso alagaddatthiko alagaddagavesī alagaddapariyesanaṃ caramāno, so passeyya mahantaṃ alagaddaṃ. Tamenaṃ bhoge vā naṅguṭṭhe vā gaṇheyya. Tassa so alagaddo paṭiparivattitvā hatthe vā bāhāya vā aññatarasmiṃ vā aṅgapaccaṅge ḍaṃseyya. So tatonidānaṃ maraṇaṃ vā nigaccheyya, maraṇamattaṃ vā dukkhaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, alagaddassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, idhekacce moghapurisā dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti suttaṃ…pe… vedallaṃ. Te taṃ dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇitvā tesaṃ dhammānaṃ paññāya atthaṃ na upaparikkhanti. Tesaṃ te dhammā paññāya atthaṃ anupaparikkhataṃ na nijjhānaṃ khamanti. Te upārambhānisaṃsā ceva dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti itivādappamokkhānisaṃsā ca. Yassa catthāya dhammaṃ pariyāpuṇanti, tañcassa atthaṃ nānubhonti. Tesaṃ te dhammā duggahitā dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāya saṃvattanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Duggahitattā, bhikkhave, dhammāna’’nti (ma. ni. 1.238).

Vinaye pana suppaṭipanno bhikkhu sīlasampattiṃ nissāya tisso vijjā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Sutte suppaṭipanno samādhisampadaṃ nissāya cha abhiññā pāpuṇāti, tāsaṃyeva ca tattha pabhedavacanato. Abhidhamme suppaṭipanno paññāsampadaṃ nissāya catasso paṭisambhidā pāpuṇāti, tāsañca tattheva pabhedavacanato. Evametesu suppaṭipanno yathākkamena imaṃ vijjāttayachaḷabhiññācatupaṭisambhidābhedaṃ sampattiṃ pāpuṇāti.

‘‘Pariyattibhedaṃ sampattiṃ, vipattiṃ cāpi yaṃ yahiṃ;

Pāpuṇāti yathā bhikkhu, tampi sabbaṃ vibhāvaye’’ti.

Ayampi gāthā vuttatthā hoti. Evaṃ nānappakārato piṭakāni ñatvā tesaṃ vasenetaṃ buddhavacanaṃ tividhanti ñātabbaṃ.

Catuttiṃseva suttantā, tivaggo yassa saṅgaho;

Esa dīghanikāyoti, paṭhamo anulomiko.

Katamo majjhimanikāyo? Majjhimappamāṇāni pañcadasavaggasaṅgahāni mūlapariyāyasuttādīni diyaḍḍhasataṃ dve ca suttāni.

Diyaḍḍhasataṃ suttantā, dve ca suttāni yattha so;

Nikāyo majjhimo pañca-dasavaggapariggaho.

Katamo saṃyuttanikāyo? Devatāsaṃyuttādivasena ṭhitāni oghataraṇādīni satta suttasahassāni satta ca suttasatāni dvāsaṭṭhi ca suttāni.

Satta suttasahassāni, satta suttasatāni ca;

Dvāsaṭṭhi ceva suttantā, eso saṃyuttasaṅgaho.

Nava suttasahassāni, pañca suttasatāni ca;

Sattapaññāsa suttāni, saṅkhyā aṅguttare ayaṃ.

Tadaññaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, nikāyo khuddako matoti.

Evaṃ nikāyavasena pañcavidhaṃ.

‘‘Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ, dve sahassāni bhikkhuto;

Caturāsīti sahassāni, ye me dhammā pavattino’’ti. (theragā. 1027);

Satehi pañcahi katā, tena pañcasatāti ca;

Thereheva katattā ca, therikāti pavuccatīti.

Upāli dāsako ceva, soṇako siggavo tathā;

Tisso moggaliputto ca, pañcete vijitāvino.

Paramparāya vinayaṃ, dīpe jambusirivhaye;

Acchijjamānamānesuṃ, tatiyo yāva saṅgaho.

Paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā niṭṭhitā.

Dutiyasaṅgītikathā

Dutiyasaṅgītivijānanatthaṃ pana ayamanukkamo veditabbo. Yadā hi –

Saṅgāyitvāna saddhammaṃ, jotayitvā ca sabbadhi;

Yāva jīvitapariyantaṃ, ṭhatvā pañcasatāpi te.

Khīṇasnehapadīpāva, nibbāyiṃsu anālayā.

Athānukkamena gacchantesu rattindivesu vassasataparinibbute bhagavati vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū vesāliyaṃ ‘‘kappati siṅgīloṇakappo, kappati dvaṅgulakappo, kappati gāmantarakappo, kappati āvāsakappo, kappati anumatikappo, kappati āciṇṇakappo, kappati amathitakappo, kappati jaḷogiṃ pātuṃ, kappati adasakaṃ nisīdanaṃ, kappati jātarūparajata’’nti imāni dasa vatthūni dīpesuṃ. Tesaṃ susunāgaputto kāḷāsoko nāma rājā pakkho ahosi.

Tena kho pana samayena vesālikā vajjiputtakā bhikkhū tadahuposathe kaṃsapātiṃ udakena pūretvā majjhe bhikkhusaṅghassa ṭhapetvā āgatāgate vesālike upāsake evaṃ vadanti – ‘‘dethāvuso, saṅghassa kahāpaṇampi aḍḍhampi pādampi māsakarūpampi, bhavissati saṅghassa parikkhārena karaṇīya’’nti sabbaṃ tāva vattabbaṃ, yāva ‘‘imāya pana vinayasaṅgītiyā satta bhikkhusatāni anūnāni anadhikāni ahesuṃ, tasmā ayaṃ dutiyasaṅgīti sattasatikāti vuccatī’’ti.

Satehi sattahi katā, tena sattasatāti ca;

Pubbe kataṃ upādāya, dutiyāti ca vuccatīti.

Sā panāyaṃ –

Yehi therehi saṅgītā, saṅgīti tesu vissutā;

Sabbakāmī ca sāḷho ca, revato khujjasobhito.

Therā ānandatherassa, diṭṭhapubbā tathāgataṃ.

Sumano vāsabhagāmī ca, ñeyyā saddhivihārikā;

Dve ime anuruddhassa, diṭṭhapubbā tathāgataṃ.

Sabbepi pannabhārā te, katakiccā anāsavāti.

Ayaṃ dutiyasaṅgīti.

Te brahmalokaṃ gantvā tissaṃ mahābrahmānaṃ etadavocuṃ – ‘‘ito vassasatassa upari aṭṭhārasame vasse sāsane mahantaṃ abbudaṃ uppajjissati. Mayañca sakalaṃ manussalokaṃ chakāmāvacaradevalokañca olokayamānā kañci sāsanaṃ paggahetuṃ samatthaṃ adisvā brahmalokaṃ vicinantā bhavantameva addasāma. Sādhu, sappurisa, manussaloke nibbattitvā dasabalassa sāsanaṃ paggaṇhituṃ paṭiññaṃ dehī’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte mahābrahmā, ‘‘ahaṃ kira sāsane uppannaṃ abbudaṃ sodhetvā sāsanaṃ paggahetuṃ samattho bhavissāmī’’ti haṭṭhapahaṭṭho udaggudaggo hutvā, ‘‘sādhū’’ti paṭissuṇitvā paṭiññaṃ adāsi. Therā brahmaloke taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā puna paccāgamiṃsu.

Sabbakāmippabhutayo, tepi therā mahiddhikā;

Aggikkhandhāva lokamhi, jalitvā parinibbutā.

Dutiyaṃ saṅgahaṃ katvā, visodhetvāna sāsanaṃ;

Aniccatāvasaṃ therā, tepi nāma upāgatā.

Evaṃ aniccataṃ jammiṃ, ñatvā durabhisambhavaṃ;

Taṃ pattuṃ vāyame dhīro, yaṃ niccaṃ amataṃ padanti.

Ettāvatā sabbākārena dutiyasaṅgītivaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā hoti.

Dutiyasaṅgītikathā niṭṭhitā

Tatiyasaṅgītikathā

Athassa mātāpitaro ‘‘pabbajitvāpi no putto mante gaṇhatu, gahetvā punāgamissatī’’ti maññamānā ‘‘uggaṇha, puttā’’ti anujāniṃsu. Thero dārakaṃ pabbājetvā dvattiṃsākārakammaṭṭhānaṃ tāva ācikkhi. So tattha parikammaṃ karonto nacirasseva sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi. Tato thero cintesi – ‘‘sāmaṇero sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhito, abhabbo dāni sāsanato nivattituṃ. Sace panassāhaṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ vaḍḍhetvā katheyyaṃ, arahattaṃ pāpuṇeyya, appossukko bhaveyya buddhavacanaṃ gahetuṃ, samayo dāni naṃ caṇḍavajjittherassa santikaṃ pesetu’’nti. Tato āha – ‘‘ehi tvaṃ, sāmaṇera, therassa santikaṃ gantvā buddhavacanaṃ uggaṇha. Mama vacanena tañca ārogyaṃ puccha; evañca vadehi – ‘upajjhāyo maṃ, bhante, tumhākaṃ santikaṃ pahiṇī’ti. ‘Ko nāma te upajjhāyo’ti ca vutte ‘siggavatthero nāma, bhante’ti vadeyyāsi. ‘Ahaṃ ko nāmā’ti vutte evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘mama upajjhāyo, bhante, tumhākaṃ nāmaṃ jānātī’’’ti.

Evaṃ gacchante kāle ekadivasaṃ rājā sīhapañjare ṭhito addasa nigrodhasāmaṇeraṃ rājaṅgaṇena gacchantaṃ dantaṃ guttaṃ santindriyaṃ iriyāpathasampannaṃ. Ko panāyaṃ nigrodho nāma? Bindusārarañño jeṭṭhaputtassa sumanarājakumārassa putto.

Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā –

Evaṃ taṃ jāyate pemaṃ, uppalaṃ va yathodake’’ti. (jā. 1.2.174);

Amaccā rañño ārocesuṃ – ‘‘niṭṭhitāni, deva, caturāsītivihārasahassānī’’ti. Rājā nagare bheriṃ carāpesi – ‘‘ito sattannaṃ divasānaṃ accayena vihāramaho bhavissati. Sabbe aṭṭha sīlaṅgāni samādiyitvā antonagare ca bahinagare ca vihāramahaṃ paṭiyādentū’’ti. Tato sattannaṃ divasānaṃ accayena sabbālaṅkāravibhūsitāya anekasatasahassasaṅkhyāya caturaṅginiyā senāya parivuto devaloke amaravatiyā rājadhāniyā sirito adhikatarasassirīkaṃ viya nagaraṃ kātukāmena ussāhajātena mahājanena alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ nagaraṃ anuvicaranto vihāraṃ gantvā bhikkhusaṅghassa majjhe aṭṭhāsi.

Atha mahindatthero upasampannakālato pabhuti attano upajjhāyasseva santike dhammañca vinayañca pariyāpuṇanto dvepi saṅgītiyo ārūḷhaṃ tipiṭakasaṅgahitaṃ sāṭṭhakathaṃ sabbaṃ theravādaṃ tiṇṇaṃ vassānaṃ abbhantare uggahetvā attano upajjhāyassa antevāsikānaṃ sahassamattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pāmokkho ahosi. Tadā asoko dhammarājā navavassābhiseko hoti. Rañño pana aṭṭhavassābhisekakāleyeva kontaputtatissatthero byādhipaṭikammatthaṃ bhikkhācāravattena āhiṇḍanto pasatamattaṃ sappiṃ alabhitvā byādhibalena parikkhīṇāyusaṅkhāro bhikkhusaṅghaṃ appamādena ovaditvā ākāse pallaṅkena nisīditvā tejodhātuṃ samāpajjitvā parinibbāyi. Rājā taṃ pavattiṃ sutvā therassa sakkāraṃ katvā ‘‘mayi nāma rajjaṃ kārente evaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paccayā dullabhā’’ti nagarassa catūsu dvāresu pokkharaṇiyo kārāpetvā bhesajjassa pūrāpetvā dāpesi.

So puna ekadivasaṃ migavaṃ nikkhamitvā araññe anuvicaramāno addasa yonakamahādhammarakkhitattheraṃ aññatarena hatthināgena sālasākhaṃ gahetvā bījiyamānaṃ nisinnaṃ. Disvā pāmojjajāto cintesi – ‘‘kadā nu kho ahampi ayaṃ mahāthero viya pabbajeyyaṃ! Siyā nu kho so divaso’’ti. Thero tassāsayaṃ viditvā tassa passantasseva ākāse uppatitvā asokārāme pokkharaṇiyā udakatale ṭhatvā cīvarañca uttarāsaṅgañca ākāse laggetvā nhāyituṃ āraddho.

Rañño kaniṭṭhabhātā, tissattheroti viññeyyo.

‘Ñātako no nisinnoti, bahu āgacchatī jano;

Paṭicca kammaṃ phusati, tasmiṃ me saṅkate mano’ti.

Tāpaso āha – ‘atthi pana te cittaṃ mama saddena ca rūpadassanena ca āgantvā ete pakkhino bajjhantu vā haññantu vā’ti? ‘Natthi, bhante’ti tittiro āha. Tato naṃ tāpaso saññāpesi – ‘sace te natthi cittaṃ, natthi pāpaṃ; cetayantameva hi pāpaṃ phusati, nācetayantaṃ.

‘Na paṭicca kammaṃ phusati, mano ce nappadussati;

Appossukkassa bhadrassa, na pāpamupalimpatī’’’ti.

Athaññe bhikkhū pakkosāpetvā pucchi – ‘‘kiṃvādī, bhante, sammāsambuddho’’ti? ‘‘Vibhajjavādī, mahārājā’’ti. Evaṃ vutte rājā theraṃ pucchi – ‘‘vibhajjavādī, bhante, sammāsambuddho’’ti? ‘‘Āma, mahārājā’’ti. Tato rājā ‘‘suddhaṃ dāni, bhante, sāsanaṃ; karotu bhikkhusaṅgho uposatha’’nti ārakkhaṃ datvā nagaraṃ pāvisi.

Katā bhikkhusahassena, tasmā sahassikāti ca;

Purimā dve upādāya, tatiyāti ca vuccatīti.

Ayaṃ tatiyasaṅgīti.

Tisso moggaliputto ca, pañcete vijitāvino.

‘‘Paramparāya vinayaṃ, dīpe jambusirivhaye;

Acchijjamānamānesuṃ, tatiyo yāva saṅgaho’’ti.

Tassattho pakāsitova hoti.

Tatiyasaṅgahato pana uddhaṃ imaṃ dīpaṃ mahindādīhi ābhataṃ. Mahindato uggahetvā kañci kālaṃ ariṭṭhattherādīhi ābhataṃ. Tato yāvajjatanā tesaṃyeva antevāsikaparamparabhūtāya ācariyaparamparāya ābhatanti veditabbaṃ. Yathāhu porāṇā –

‘‘Tato mahindo iṭṭiyo, uttiyo sambalo tathā;

Bhaddanāmo ca paṇḍito.

‘‘Ete nāgā mahāpaññā, jambudīpā idhāgatā;

Vinayaṃ te vācayiṃsu, piṭakaṃ tambapaṇṇiyā.

Tato ariṭṭho medhāvī, tissadatto ca paṇḍito.

‘‘Visārado kāḷasumano, thero ca dīghanāmako;

Dīghasumano ca paṇḍito.

‘‘Punadeva kāḷasumano, nāgatthero ca buddharakkhito;

Tissatthero ca medhāvī, devatthero ca paṇḍito.

‘‘Punadeva sumano medhāvī, vinaye ca visārado;

Bahussuto cūḷanāgo, gajova duppadhaṃsiyo.

Tassa sisso mahāpañño, khemanāmo tipeṭako.

‘‘Dīpe tārakarājāva, paññāya atirocatha;

Upatisso ca medhāvī, phussadevo mahākathī.

‘‘Punadeva sumano medhāvī, pupphanāmo bahussuto;

Mahākathī mahāsivo, piṭake sabbattha kovido.

‘‘Punadeva upāli medhāvī, vinaye ca visārado;

Mahānāgo mahāpañño, saddhammavaṃsakovido.

‘‘Punadeva abhayo medhāvī, piṭake sabbattha kovido;

Tissatthero ca medhāvī, vinaye ca visārado.

‘‘Tassa sisso mahāpañño, pupphanāmo bahussuto;

Sāsanaṃ anurakkhanto, jambudīpe patiṭṭhito.

‘‘Cūḷābhayo ca medhāvī, vinaye ca visārado;

Tissatthero ca medhāvī, saddhammavaṃsakovido.

‘‘Cūḷadevo ca medhāvī, vinaye ca visārado;

Sivatthero ca medhāvī, vinaye sabbattha kovido.

‘‘Ete nāgā mahāpaññā, vinayaññū maggakovidā;

Vinayaṃ dīpe pakāsesuṃ, piṭakaṃ tambapaṇṇiyā’’ti.

‘‘Sadevakopi ce loko, āgantvā tāsayeyya maṃ;

Na me paṭibalo assa, janetuṃ bhayabheravaṃ.

‘‘Sacepi tvaṃ mahiṃ sabbaṃ, sasamuddaṃ sapabbataṃ;

Ukkhipitvā mahānāga, khipeyyāsi mamūpari.

Aññadatthu tavevassa, vighāto uragādhipā’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte nāgarājā vihatānubhāvo nipphalavāyāmo dukkhī dummano ahosi. Taṃ thero taṅkhaṇānurūpāya dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā tīsu saraṇesu pañcasu ca sīlesu patiṭṭhāpesi saddhiṃ caturāsītiyā nāgasahassehi. Aññepi bahū himavantavāsino yakkhā ca gandhabbā ca kumbhaṇḍā ca therassa dhammakathaṃ sutvā saraṇesu ca sīlesu ca patiṭṭhahiṃsu. Pañcakopi yakkho saddhiṃ bhariyāya yakkhiniyā pañcahi ca puttasatehi paṭhame phale patiṭṭhito. Athāyasmā majjhantikatthero sabbepi nāgayakkharakkhase āmantetvā evamāha –

‘‘Mā dāni kodhaṃ janayittha, ito uddhaṃ yathā pure;

Sassaghātañca mā kattha, sukhakāmā hi pāṇino;

Karotha mettaṃ sattesu, vasantu manujā sukha’’nti.

Gantvā kasmīragandhāraṃ, isi majjhantiko tadā;

Duṭṭhaṃ nāgaṃ pasādetvā, mocesi bandhanā bahūti.

Mahādevattheropi mahiṃsakamaṇḍalaṃ gantvā devadūtasuttaṃ kathesi. Suttapariyosāne cattālīsa pāṇasahassāni dhammacakkhuṃ paṭilabhiṃsu, cattālīsaṃyeva pāṇasahassāni pabbajiṃsu.

Codetvā devadūtehi, mocesi bandhanā bahūti.

Gantvāna rakkhitatthero, vanavāsiṃ mahiddhiko;

Antalikkhe ṭhito tattha, desesi anamataggiyanti.

Yonakadhammarakkhitattheropi aparantakaṃ gantvā aggikkhandhopamasuttantakathāya aparantake pasādetvā sattati pāṇasahassāni dhammāmataṃ pāyesi. Khattiyakulato eva purisasahassāni pabbajiṃsu, samadhikāni ca cha itthisahassāni. Evaṃ so tattha sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi.

Aparantaṃ vigāhitvā, yonako dhammarakkhito;

Aggikkhandhopamenettha, pasādesi jane bahūti.

Mahādhammarakkhitatthero pana mahāraṭṭhaṃ gantvā mahānāradakassapajātakakathāya mahāraṭṭhake pasādetvā caturāsīti pāṇasahassāni maggaphalesu patiṭṭhāpesi. Terasasahassāni pabbajiṃsu. Evaṃ so tattha sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi.

Mahāraṭṭhaṃ isi gantvā, so mahādhammarakkhito;

Jātakaṃ kathayitvāna, pasādesi mahājananti.

Yonaraṭṭhaṃ tadā gantvā, so mahārakkhito isi;

Kāḷakārāmasuttena te pasādesi yonaketi.

Gantvāna majjhimatthero, himavantaṃ pasādayi;

Yakkhasenaṃ pakāsento, dhammacakkapavattananti.

Suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gantvāna, soṇuttarā mahiddhikā;

Pisāce niddhametvāna, brahmajālaṃ adesisunti.

Sampattañca pana theraṃ disvā theramātā devī pādesu sirasā vanditvā bhikkhaṃ datvā theraṃ attanā kataṃ vedisagirimahāvihāraṃ nāma āropesi. Thero tasmiṃ vihāre nisinno cintesi – ‘‘amhākaṃ idha kattabbakiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ, samayo nu kho idāni laṅkādīpaṃ gantu’’nti. Tato cintesi – ‘‘anubhavatu tāva me pitarā pesitaṃ abhisekaṃ devānaṃpiyatisso, ratanattayaguṇañca suṇātu, chaṇatthañca nagarato nikkhamitvā missakapabbataṃ abhiruhatu, tadā taṃ tattha dakkhissāmā’’ti. Athāparaṃ ekamāsaṃ tattheva vāsaṃ kappesi. Māsātikkamena ca jeṭṭhamūlamāsapuṇṇamāyaṃ uposathadivase sannipatitā sabbepi – ‘‘kālo nu kho amhākaṃ tambapaṇṇidīpaṃ gamanāya, udāhu no’’ti mantayiṃsu. Tenāhu porāṇā –

‘‘Mahindo nāma nāmena, saṅghatthero tadā ahu;

Iṭṭiyo uttiyo thero, bhaddasālo ca sambalo.

Bhaṇḍuko sattamo tesaṃ, diṭṭhasacco upāsako;

Iti hete mahānāgā, mantayiṃsu rahogatā’’ti.

Kālova gamanassāti, gacchāma dīpamuttamaṃ.

‘‘Paḷīnā jambudīpā te, haṃsarājāva ambare;

Evamuppatitā therā, nipatiṃsu naguttame.

‘‘Purato puraseṭṭhassa, pabbate meghasannibhe;

Patiṃsu sīlakūṭamhi, haṃsāva nagamuddhanī’’ti.

‘‘Samaṇā mayaṃ mahārāja, dhammarājassa sāvakā;

Taveva anukampāya, jambudīpā idhāgatā’’ti.

Setā rajatayaṭṭhīva, latā kañcanasannibhā.

‘‘Nīlādi yādisaṃ pupphaṃ, pupphayaṭṭhimhi tādisaṃ;

Sakuṇā sakuṇayaṭṭhimhi, sarūpeneva saṇṭhitā’’ti.

‘‘Vālabījanimuṇhīsaṃ, chattaṃ khaggañca pādukaṃ;

Veṭhanaṃ sārapāmaṅgaṃ, bhiṅgāraṃ nandivaṭṭakaṃ.

‘‘Sivikaṃ saṅkhaṃ vaṭaṃsañca, adhovimaṃ vatthakoṭikaṃ;

Sovaṇṇapātiṃ kaṭacchuṃ, mahagghaṃ hatthapuñchanaṃ.

‘‘Anotattodakaṃ kaññaṃ, uttamaṃ haricandanaṃ;

Saṭṭhivāhasataṃ sāliṃ, sugandhaṃ suvakāhaṭaṃ;

Puññakammābhinibbattaṃ, pāhesi asokavhayo’’ti.

Na kevalañcetaṃ āmisapaṇṇākāraṃ, imaṃ kira dhammapaṇṇākārampi pesesi –

‘‘Ahaṃ buddhañca dhammañca, saṅghañca saraṇaṃ gato;

Upāsakattaṃ desesiṃ, sakyaputtassa sāsane.

Tvampi cittaṃ pasādehi, saddhā saraṇamupehī’’ti.

Svāyaṃ rājā taṃ divasaṃ asokaraññā pesitena abhisekena ekamāsābhisitto hoti.

Visākhapuṇṇamāyaṃ hissa abhisekamakaṃsu. So acirassutaṃ – taṃ sāsanappavattiṃ anussaramāno taṃ therassa ‘‘samaṇā mayaṃ mahārāja dhammarājassa sāvakā’’ti vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘ayyā nu kho āgatā’’ti tāvadeva āvudhaṃ nikkhipitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ kathayamāno. Yathāha –

‘‘Āvudhaṃ nikkhipitvāna, ekamantaṃ upāvisi;

Nisajja rājā sammodi, bahuṃ atthūpasañhita’’nti.

‘‘Tevijjā iddhipattā ca, cetopariyāyakovidā;

Khīṇāsavā arahanto, bahū buddhassa sāvakāti.

Evaṃ āgatadivasato dutiyadivase aḍḍhateyyasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Therassa nandanavane āgatāgatāhi kulitthīhi kulasuṇhāhi kulakumārīhi saddhiṃ sammodamānasseva sāyanhasamayo jāto. Thero kālaṃ sallakkhetvā ‘‘gacchāma dāni missakapabbata’’nti uṭṭhahi. Amaccā – ‘‘kattha, bhante, gacchathā’’ti? ‘‘Amhākaṃ nivāsanaṭṭhāna’’nti. Te rañño saṃviditaṃ katvā rājānumatena āhaṃsu – ‘‘akālo, bhante, idāni tattha gantuṃ; idameva nandanavanuyyānaṃ ayyānaṃ āvāsaṭṭhānaṃ hotū’’ti. ‘‘Alaṃ, gacchāmā’’ti. Puna rañño vacanenāhaṃsu – ‘‘rājā, bhante, āha – ‘etaṃ meghavanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ mama pitu santakaṃ nagarato nātidūraṃ nāccāsannaṃ gamanāgamanasampannaṃ, ettha therā vāsaṃ kappentū’’’ti. Vasiṃsu therā meghavane uyyāne.

Atha kho rājā amacce pucchi – ‘‘thero, amhe gāḷhena ovādena ovadati; gaccheyya nu kho’’ti? Amaccā ‘‘tumhehi, deva, thero ayācito sayameva āgato; tasmā tassa anāpucchāva gamanampi bhaveyyā’’ti āhaṃsu. Tato rājā rathaṃ abhiruhitvā dve ca deviyo āropetvā cetiyagiriṃ agamāsi mahañcarājānubhāvena. Gantvā deviyo ekamantaṃ apakkamāpetvā sayameva therānaṃ samīpaṃ upasaṅkamanto ativiya kilantarūpo hutvā upasaṅkami. Tato naṃ thero āha – ‘‘kasmā tvaṃ, mahārāja, evaṃ kilamamāno āgato’’ti? ‘‘‘Tumhe mama gāḷhaṃ ovādaṃ datvā idāni gantukāmā nu kho’ti jānanatthaṃ, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Na mayaṃ, mahārāja, gantukāmā; apica vassūpanāyikakālo nāmāyaṃ mahārāja, tatra samaṇena vassūpanāyikaṭṭhānaṃ ñātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti. Taṃdivasameva ariṭṭho nāma amacco pañcapaṇṇāsāya jeṭṭhakaniṭṭhabhātukehi saddhiṃ rañño samīpe ṭhito āha – ‘‘icchāmahaṃ, deva, therānaṃ santike pabbajitu’’nti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhaṇe, pabbajassū’’ti rājā anujānitvā theraṃ sampaṭicchāpesi. Thero tadaheva pabbājesi. Sabbe khuraggeyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇiṃsu.

Puṇṇamāyaṃ mahāvīro, cātumāsiniyā idha;

Āgantvā devalokamhā, hatthikumbhe patiṭṭhitoti.

‘‘Evaṃ acintiyā buddhā, buddhadhammā acintiyā;

Acintiye pasannānaṃ, vipāko hoti acintiyo’’ti. (apa. thera 1.1.82);

Sammāsambuddho kira imaṃ dīpaṃ dharamānakālepi tikkhattuṃ āgamāsi. Paṭhamaṃ – yakkhadamanatthaṃ ekakova āgantvā yakkhe dametvā ‘‘mayi parinibbute imasmiṃ dīpe sāsanaṃ patiṭṭhahissatī’’ti tambapaṇṇidīpe rakkhaṃ karonto tikkhattuṃ dīpaṃ āvijji. Dutiyaṃ – mātulabhāgineyyānaṃ nāgarājūnaṃ damanatthāya ekakova āgantvā te dametvā agamāsi. Tatiyaṃ – pañcabhikkhusataparivāro āgantvā mahācetiyaṭṭhāne ca thūpārāmacetiyaṭṭhāne ca mahābodhipatiṭṭhitaṭṭhāne ca mahiyaṅgaṇacetiyaṭṭhāne ca mutiyaṅgaṇacetiyaṭṭhāne ca dīghavāpicetiyaṭṭhāne ca kalyāṇiyacetiyaṭṭhāne ca nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā nisīdi. Idamassa catutthaṃ dhātusarīrena āgamanaṃ.

Tasmiṃ kho pana samaye anuḷā devī pabbajitukāmā hutvā rañño ārocesi. Rājā tassā vacanaṃ sutvā theraṃ etadavoca – ‘‘anuḷā, bhante, devī pabbajitukāmā, pabbājetha na’’nti. ‘‘Na, mahārāja, amhākaṃ mātugāmaṃ pabbājetuṃ kappati. Pāṭaliputte pana mayhaṃ bhaginī saṅghamittattherī nāma atthi, taṃ pakkosāpehi. Imasmiñca pana, mahārāja, dīpe purimakānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ sammāsambuddhānaṃ bodhi patiṭṭhāsi. Amhākampi bhagavato sarasaraṃsijālavissajjanakena bodhinā idha patiṭṭhātabbaṃ, tasmā tathā sāsanaṃ pahiṇeyyāsi yathā saṅghamittā bodhiṃ gahetvā āgaccheyyā’’ti.

Thero ‘‘gantabbaṃ, mahārāja, mahābodhinā laṅkādīpa’’nti vatvā bhagavato pañcamahāadhiṭṭhānāni kathesi. Katamāni pañca? Bhagavā kira mahāparinibbānamañce nipanno laṅkādīpe mahābodhipatiṭṭhāpanatthāya ‘‘asokamahārājā mahābodhiggahaṇatthaṃ gamissati, tadā mahābodhissa dakkhiṇasākhā sayameva chijjitvā suvaṇṇakaṭāhe patiṭṭhātū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi – idamekamadhiṭṭhānaṃ.

Tattha patiṭṭhānakāle ca ‘‘mahābodhi himavalāhakagabbhaṃ pavisitvā patiṭṭhātū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi – idaṃ dutiyamadhiṭṭhānaṃ.

‘‘Thūpārāme dakkhiṇakkhakadhātu cetiyamhi patiṭṭhānadivase yamakapāṭihāriyaṃ karotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi – idaṃ catutthaṃ adhiṭṭhānaṃ.

Rājā imāni pañca mahāadhiṭṭhānāni sutvā pasannacitto pāṭaliputtato yāva mahābodhi tāva maggaṃ paṭijaggāpetvā suvaṇṇakaṭāhatthāya bahuṃ suvaṇṇaṃ nīharāpesi. Tāvadeva ca rañño cittaṃ ñatvā vissakammadevaputto kammāravaṇṇaṃ nimminitvā purato aṭṭhāsi. Rājā taṃ disvā ‘‘tāta, imaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ gahetvā kaṭāhaṃ karohī’’ti āha. ‘‘Pamāṇaṃ, deva, jānāthā’’ti? ‘‘Tvameva, tāta, ñatvā karohī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, deva, karissāmī’’ti suvaṇṇaṃ gahetvā attano ānubhāvena hatthena parimajjitvā suvaṇṇakaṭāhaṃ nimmini navahatthaparikkhepaṃ pañcahatthubbedhaṃ tihatthavikkhambhaṃ aṭṭhaṅgulabahalaṃ hatthisoṇḍappamāṇamukhavaṭṭiṃ. Atha rājā sattayojanāyāmāya tiyojanavitthārāya mahatiyā senāya pāṭaliputtato nikkhamitvā ariyasaṅghamādāya mahābodhisamīpaṃ agamāsi. Senā samussitadhajapaṭākaṃ nānāratanavicittaṃ anekālaṅkārapaamaṇḍitaṃ nānāvidhakusumasamākiṇṇaṃ anekatūriyasaṅghuṭṭhaṃ mahābodhiṃ parikkhipi. Rājā sahassamatte gaṇapāmokkhe mahāthere gahetvā sakalajambudīpe pattābhisekānaṃ rājūnaṃ sahassena attānañca mahābodhiñca parivārāpetvā mahābodhimūle ṭhatvā mahābodhiṃ ullokesi. Mahābodhissa khandhañca dakkhiṇamahāsākhāya catuhatthappamāṇappadesañca ṭhapetvā avasesaṃ adassanaṃ agamāsi.

Athekadivasaṃ rājā mahābodhiṃ vanditvā therena saddhiṃ thūpārāmaṃ gacchati. Tassa lohapāsādaṭṭhānaṃ sampattassa purisā pupphāni abhihariṃsu. Rājā therassa pupphāni adāsi. Thero pupphehi lohapāsādaṭṭhānaṃ pūjesi. Pupphesu bhūmiyaṃ patitamattesu mahābhūmicālo ahosi. Rājā ‘‘kasmā, bhante, bhūmi calitā’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Ismiṃ, mahārāja, okāse saṅghassa anāgate uposathāgāraṃ bhavissati, tassetaṃ pubbanimitta’’nti.

Athāyasmā mahāariṭṭhatthero tena samayena buddho bhagavā verañjāyaṃ viharati naḷerupucimandamūleti vinayanidānaṃ abhāsi. Bhāsite ca panāyasmatā ariṭṭhattherena vinayanidāne ākāsaṃ mahāviravaṃ ravi. Akālavijjulatā nicchariṃsu. Devatā sādhukāraṃ adaṃsu. Mahāpathavī udakapariyantaṃ katvā saṅkampi. Evaṃ anekesu pāṭihāriyesu vattamānesu āyasmā ariṭṭhatthero mahāmahindapamukhehi aṭṭhasaṭṭhiyā paccekagaṇīhi khīṇāsavamahātherehi tadaññehi ca aṭṭhasaṭṭhibhikkhusahassehi parivuto paṭhamakattikapavāraṇādivase thūpārāmavihāramajjhe satthu karuṇāguṇadīpakaṃ bhagavato anusiṭṭhikarānaṃ kāyakammavacīkammavipphanditavinayanaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ pakāsesi. Pakāsetvā ca yāvatāyukaṃ tiṭṭhamāno bahūnaṃ vācetvā bahūnaṃ hadaye patiṭṭhāpetvā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi. Tepi kho mahāmahindappamukhā tasmiṃ samāgame –

Paccekagaṇino sabbe, dhammarājassa sāvakā.

‘‘Khīṇāsavā vasippattā, tevijjā iddhikovidā;

Uttamatthamabhiññāya, anusāsiṃsu rājino.

‘‘Ālokaṃ dassayitvāna, obhāsetvā mahiṃ imaṃ;

Jalitvā aggikkhandhāva, nibbāyiṃsu mahesayo’’.

Kattha patiṭṭhitanti? Yesaṃ pāḷito ca atthato ca anūnaṃ vattati, maṇighaṭe pakkhittatelamiva īsakampi na paggharati, evarūpesu adhimattasati-gati-dhiti-mantesu lajjīsu kukkuccakesu sikkhākāmesu puggalesu patiṭṭhitanti veditabbaṃ. Tasmā vinayapatiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ vinayapariyattiyā ānisaṃsaṃ sallakkhetvā sikkhākāmena bhikkhunā vinayo pariyāpuṇitabbo.

Ettāvatā ca yā sā vinayasaṃvaṇṇanatthaṃ mātikā ṭhapitā tattha –

‘‘Vuttaṃ yena yadā yasmā, dhāritaṃ yena cābhataṃ;

Yatthappatiṭṭhitaṃ cetametaṃ, vatvā vidhiṃ tato’’ti.

Imissā tāva gāthāya attho pakāsito vinayassa ca bāhiranidānavaṇṇanā yathādhippāyaṃ saṃvaṇṇitā hotīti.

Tatiyasaṅgītikathā niṭṭhitā.

Bāhiranidānakathā niṭṭhitā.