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The Order of Languages of Dictionaries to Show?
+ - {{ "zh_TW" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Dīghanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dīghanikāya") }}
+ - Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi") }}
2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Mahāvaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mahāvaggapāḷi") }}
3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ") }}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Pāthikavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Pāthikavaggapāḷi") }}
8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimanikāya") }}
+ - Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Sīhanādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sīhanādavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Opammavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Opammavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Mahāyamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Mahāyamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Cūḷayamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Cūḷayamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Gahapativaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Gahapativaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Tikanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tikanipātapāḷi") }}
(7) 2. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(7) 2. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Dvattiṃsākāro
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Dvattiṃsākāro") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Kumārapañhā
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Kumārapañhā") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Ratanasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Ratanasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ") }}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Translation")}}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - {{ "en_US" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Ekakanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Ekakanipātapāḷi") }}
3. Akammaniyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Akammaniyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Adantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Adantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dukanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dukanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Kammakaraṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Kammakaraṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Samacittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Samacittavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Parisavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Parisavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(10) 5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(10) 5. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}

3. Nandavaggo

1. Kammavipākajasuttavaṇṇanā

21. Nandavaggassa paṭhame aññataro bhikkhūti nāmagottena apākaṭo eko khīṇāsavabhikkhu. So kira rājagahavāsī kulaputto moggallānattherena saṃvejito saṃsāradosaṃ disvā satthu santike pabbajitvā sīlāni sodhetvā catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā na cirasseva vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tassa aparabhāge kharo ābādho uppajji, so paccavekkhaṇāya adhivāsento viharati. Khīṇāsavānañhi cetasikadukkhaṃ nāma natthi, kāyikadukkhaṃ pana hotiyeva. So ekadivasaṃ bhagavato dhammaṃ desentassa nātidūre ṭhāne dukkhaṃ adhivāsento pallaṅkena nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘bhagavato avidūre nisinno hotī’’tiādi.

Tattha pallaṅkanti samantato ūrubaddhāsanaṃ. Ābhujitvāti bandhitvā. Ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāyāti uparimaṃ sarīraṃ ujukaṃ ṭhapetvā aṭṭhārasa piṭṭhikaṇṭake koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭipādetvā. Evañhi nisinnassa cammamaṃsanhārūni na namanti, tasmā so tathā nisinno hoti. Purāṇakammavipākajanti pubbe katassa kammassa vipākabhāvena jātaṃ, purāṇakammavipāke vā sukhadukkhappakāre vipākavaṭṭasamudāye tadekadesabhāvena jātaṃ. Kiṃ taṃ? Dukkhaṃ. Purāṇakammavipākajanti ca iminā tassa ābādhassa kammasamuṭṭhānataṃ dassento opakkamikautuvipariṇāmajādibhāvaṃ paṭikkhipati. Dukkhanti pacurajanehi khamituṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ. Tibbanti tikhiṇaṃ, abhibhavitvā pavattiyā bahalaṃ vā. Kharanti kakkhaḷaṃ. Kaṭukanti asātaṃ. Adhivāsentoti upari vāsento sahanto khamanto.

Sato sampajānoti vedanāpariggāhakānaṃ satisampajaññānaṃ vasena satimā sampajānanto ca. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ‘‘ayaṃ vedanā nāma hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā, aniṭṭhārammaṇādipaccaye paṭicca uppannattā paṭiccasamuppannā, uppajjitvā ekantena bhijjanasabhāvattā khayadhammā vayadhammā virāgadhammā nirodhadhammā’’ti vedanāya aniccatāsallakkhaṇavasena satokāritāya sato, aviparītasabhāvapaṭivijjhanavasena sampajāno ca hutvā. Atha vā sativepullapattiyā sabbattheva kāyavedanācittadhammesu suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitasatitāya sato, tathā paññāvepullappattiyā pariggahitasaṅkhāratāya sampajāno. Avihaññamānoti ‘‘assutavā, bhikkhave, puthujjano aññataraññatarena dukkhadhammena phuṭṭho samāno socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṃ kandati sammohaṃ āpajjatī’’ti vuttanayena andhaputhujjano viya na vihaññamāno maggeneva samugghātitattā cetodukkhaṃ anuppādento kevalaṃ kammavipākajaṃ sarīradukkhaṃ adhivāsento samāpattiṃ samāpanno viya nisinno hoti. Addasāti taṃ āyasmantaṃ adhivāsanakhantiyā tathā nisinnaṃ addakkhi.

Etamatthanti etaṃ tādisassapi rogassa vejjādīhi tikicchanatthaṃ anussukkāpajjanakāraṇaṃ khīṇāsavānaṃ lokadhammehi anupalepitasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ sabbākārato viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti imaṃ saṅkhatadhammānaṃ yehi kehici dukkhadhammehi avighātapattivibhāvanaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha sabbakammajahassāti pahīnasabbakammassa. Aggamaggassa hi uppannakālato paṭṭhāya arahato sabbāni kusalākusalakammāni pahīnāni nāma honti paṭisandhiṃ dātuṃ asamatthabhāvato, yato ariyamaggañāṇaṃ kammakkhayakaranti vuccati. Bhikkhunoti bhinnakilesatāya bhikkhuno. Dhunamānassa pure kataṃ rajanti arahattappattito pubbe kataṃ rāgarajādimissatāya rajanti laddhanāmaṃ dukkhavedanīyaṃ kammaṃ vipākapaṭisaṃvedanena taṃ dhunantassa viddhaṃsentassa, arahattappattiyā parato pana sāvajjakiriyāya sambhavoyeva natthi, anavajjakiriyā ca bhavamūlassa samucchinnattā samucchinnamūlatāya pupphaṃ viya phaladānasamatthatāya abhāvato kiriyamattāva hoti.

Amamassāti rūpādīsu katthaci mamanti gahaṇābhāvato amamassa mamaṅkārarahitassa. Yassa hi mamaṅkāro atthi, so attasinehena vejjādīhi sarīraṃ paṭijaggāpeti. Arahā pana amamo, tasmā so sarīrajagganepi udāsīnadhātukova. Ṭhitassāti catubbidhampi oghaṃ taritvā nibbānathale ṭhitassa, paṭisandhiggahaṇavasena vā sandhāvanassa abhāvena ṭhitassa . Sekkhaputhujjanā hi kilesābhisaṅkhārānaṃ appahīnattā cutipaṭisandhivasena saṃsāre dhāvanti nāma, arahā pana tadabhāvato ṭhitoti vuccati. Atha vā dasavidhe khīṇāsavasaṅkhāte ariyadhamme ṭhitassa. Tādinoti ‘‘paṭikūle appaṭikūlasaññī viharatī’’tiādinā (paṭi. ma. 3.17) nayena vuttāya pañcavidhāya ariyiddhiyā aṭṭhahi lokadhammehi akampaniyāya chaḷaṅgupekkhāya ca samannāgatena iṭṭhādīsu ekasadisatāsaṅkhātena tādībhāvena tādino. Attho natthi janaṃ lapetaveti ‘‘mama bhesajjādīni karothā’’ti janaṃ lapituṃ kathetuṃ payojanaṃ natthi sarīre nirapekkhabhāvato. Paṇḍupalāso viya hi bandhanā pavutto sayamevāyaṃ kāyo bhijjitvā patatūti khīṇāsavānaṃ ajjhāsayo. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Nābhikaṅkhāmi maraṇaṃ, nābhikaṅkhāmi jīvitaṃ;

Kālañca paṭikaṅkhāmi, nibbisaṃ bhatako yathā’’ti. (theragā. 606);

Atha vā yaṃkiñci nimittaṃ dassetvā ‘‘kiṃ ayyassa icchitabba’’nti janaṃ lapetave paccayehi nimantanavasena lapāpetuṃ khīṇāsavassa attho natthi tādisassa micchājīvassa maggeneva samugghātitattāti attho. Iti bhagavā ‘‘kissāyaṃ thero attano rogaṃ vejjehi atikicchāpetvā bhagavato avidūre nisīdatī’’ti cintentānaṃ tassa atikicchāpane kāraṇaṃ pakāsesi.

Paṭhamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Nandasuttavaṇṇanā

22. Dutiye nandoti tassa nāmaṃ. So hi cakkavattilakkhaṇūpetattā mātāpitaro saparijanaṃ sakalañca ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ nandayanto jātoti ‘‘nando’’ti nāmaṃ labhi. Bhagavato bhātāti bhagavato ekapituputtatāya bhātā. Na hi bhagavato sahodarā uppajjanti, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘mātucchāputto’’ti, cūḷamātuputtoti attho. Mahāpajāpatigotamiyā hi so putto. Anabhiratoti na abhirato. Brahmacariyanti brahmaṃ seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ cariyaṃ ekāsanaṃ ekaseyyaṃ methunaviratiṃ. Sandhāretunti paṭhamacittato yāvacarimakacittaṃ sammā paripuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ dhāretuṃ pavattetuṃ. Dutiyena cettha brahmacariyapadena maggabrahmacariyassāpi saṅgaho veditabbo. Sikkhaṃ paccakkhāyāti upasampadakāle bhikkhubhāvena saddhiṃ samādinnaṃ nibbattetabbabhāvena anuṭṭhitaṃ tividhampi sikkhaṃ paṭikkhipitvā, vissajjetvāti attho. Hīnāyāti gihibhāvāya. Āvattissāmīti nivattissāmi.

Kasmā panāyaṃ evamārocesīti? Etthāyaṃ anupubbikathā – bhagavā pavattavaradhammacakko rājagahaṃ gantvā veḷuvane viharanto ‘‘puttaṃ me ānetvā dassethā’’ti suddhodanamahārājena pesitesu sahassasahassaparivāresu dasasu dūtesu saha parivārena arahattaṃ pattesu sabbapacchā gantvā arahattappattena kāḷudāyittherena gamanakālaṃ ñatvā maggavaṇṇanaṃ vaṇṇetvā jātibhūmigamanāya yācito vīsatisahassakhīṇāsavaparivutto kapilavatthunagaraṃ gantvā ñātisamāgame pokkharavassaṃ aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā vessantarajātakaṃ (jā. 2.22.1655 ādayo) kathetvā punadivase piṇḍāya paviṭṭho ‘‘uttiṭṭhe nappamajjeyyā’’ti (dha. pa. 168) gāthāya pitaraṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāpetvā nivesanaṃ gantvā ‘‘dhammañcare’’ti (dha. pa. 169) gāthāya mahāpajāpatiṃ sotāpattiphale, rājānaṃ sakadāgāmiphale patiṭṭhāpesi.

Bhattakiccāvasāne pana rāhulamātuguṇakathaṃ nissāya candakinnarījātakaṃ (jā. 1.14.18 ādayo) kathetvā tatiyadivase nandakumārassa abhisekagehappavesanavivāhamaṅgalesu vattamānesu piṇḍāya pavisitvā nandakumārassa hatthe pattaṃ datvā maṅgalaṃ vatvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkamanto kumārassa hatthato pattaṃ na gaṇhi. Sopi tathāgate gāravena ‘‘pattaṃ te, bhante, gaṇhathā’’ti vattuṃ nāsakkhi. Evaṃ pana cintesi, ‘‘sopānasīse pattaṃ gaṇhissatī’’ti, satthā tasmiṃ ṭhāne na gaṇhi. Itaro ‘‘sopānamūle gaṇhissatī’’ti cintesi, satthā tatthapi na gaṇhi. Itaro ‘‘rājaṅgaṇe gaṇhissatī’’ti cintesi, satthā tatthapi na gaṇhi. Kumāro nivattitukāmo anicchāya gacchanto gāravena ‘‘pattaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti vattuṃ na sakkoti, ‘‘idha gaṇhissati, ettha gaṇhissatī’’ti cintento gacchati.

Tasmiṃ khaṇe janapadakalyāṇiyā ācikkhiṃsu, ‘‘ayye bhagavā, nandarājānaṃ gahetvā gacchati, tumhehi vinā karissatī’’ti. Sā udakabindūhi paggharantehi aḍḍhullikhitehi kesehi vegena pāsādaṃ āruyha sīhapañjaradvāre ṭhatvā ‘‘tuvaṭaṃ kho, ayyaputta, āgaccheyyāsī’’ti āha. Taṃ tassā vacanaṃ tassa hadaye tiriyaṃ patitvā viya ṭhitaṃ. Satthāpissa hatthato pattaṃ aggahetvāva taṃ vihāraṃ netvā ‘‘pabbajissasi nandā’’ti āha. So buddhagāravena ‘‘na pabbajissāmī’’ti avatvā, ‘‘āma, pabbajissāmī’’ti āha. Satthā tena hi nandaṃ pabbājethāti kapilavatthupuraṃ gantvā tatiyadivase taṃ pabbājesi. Sattame divase mātarā alaṅkaritvā pesitaṃ ‘‘dāyajjaṃ me, samaṇa, dehī’’ti vatvā attanā saddhiṃ ārāmāgataṃ rāhulakumāraṃ pabbājesi. Punekadivasaṃ mahādhammapālajātakaṃ (jā. 1.10.92 ādayo) kathetvā rājānaṃ anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhāpesi.

Iti bhagavā mahāpajāpatiṃ sotāpattiphale, pitaraṃ tīsu phalesu patiṭṭhāpetvā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto punadeva rājagahaṃ gantvā tato anāthapiṇḍikena sāvatthiṃ āgamanatthāya gahitapaṭiñño niṭṭhite jetavanamahāvihāre tattha gantvā vāsaṃ kappesi. Evaṃ satthari jetavane viharante āyasmā nando attano anicchāya pabbajito kāmesu anādīnavadassāvī janapadakalyāṇiyā vuttavacanamanussaranto ukkaṇṭhito hutvā bhikkhūnaṃ attano anabhiratiṃ ārocesi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘tena kho pana samayena āyasmā nando…pe… hīnāyāvattissāmī’’ti.

Kasmā pana naṃ bhagavā evaṃ pabbājesīti? ‘‘Puretarameva ādīnavaṃ dassetvā kāmehi naṃ vivecetuṃ na sakkā, pabbājetvā pana upāyena tato vivecetvā uparivisesaṃ nibbattessāmī’’ti veneyyadamanakusalo satthā evaṃ naṃ paṭhamaṃ pabbājesi.

Sākiyānīti sakyarājadhītā. Janapadakalyāṇīti janapadamhi kalyāṇī rūpena uttamā chasarīradosarahitā, pañcakalyāṇasamannāgatā. Sā hi yasmā nātidīghā nātirassā nātikisā nātithūlā nātikāḷikā naccodātā atikkantā mānusakavaṇṇaṃ appattā dibbavaṇṇaṃ, tasmā chasarīradosarahitā. Chavikalyāṇaṃ maṃsakalyāṇaṃ nakhakalyāṇaṃ aṭṭhikalyāṇaṃ vayakalyāṇanti imehi pañcahi kalyāṇehi samannāgatā.

Tattha attano sarīrobhāsena dasadvādasahatthe ṭhāne ālokaṃ karoti, piyaṅgusamā vā suvaṇṇasamā vā hoti, ayamassā chavikalyāṇatā. Cattāro panassā hatthapādā mukhapariyosānañca lākhārasaparikammakataṃ viya rattapavāḷarattakambalena sadisaṃ hoti, ayamassā maṃsakalyāṇatā. Vīsati nakhapattāni maṃsato amuttaṭṭhāne lākhārasaparikitāni viya muttaṭṭhāne khīradhārāsadisāni honti, ayamassā nakhakalyāṇatā. Dvattiṃsadantā suphusitā parisuddhapavāḷapantisadisā vajirapantī viya khāyanti, ayamassā aṭṭhikalyāṇatā. Vīsativassasatikāpi samānā soḷasavassuddesikā viya hoti nippalitā, ayamassā vayakalyāṇatā. Sundarī ca hoti evarūpaguṇasamannāgatā, tena vuttaṃ ‘‘janapadakalyāṇī’’ti.

Gharā nikkhamantassāti anādare sāmivacanaṃ, gharato nikkhamatoti attho. ‘‘Gharā nikkhamanta’’ntipi paṭhanti. Upaḍḍhullikhitehikesehīti itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ, vippakatullikhitehi kesehi upalakkhitāti attho. ‘‘Aḍḍhullikhitehī’’tipi paṭhanti. Ullikhananti ca phaṇakādīhi kesasaṇṭhāpanaṃ, ‘‘aḍḍhakāravidhāna’’ntipi vadanti. Apaloketvāti sineharasavipphārasaṃsūcakena aḍḍhakkhinā ābandhantī viya oloketvā. Maṃ, bhanteti pubbepi ‘‘ma’’nti vatvā ukkaṇṭhākulacittatāya puna ‘‘maṃ etadavocā’’ti āha. Tuvaṭanti sīghaṃ. Tamanussaramānoti taṃ tassā vacanaṃ, taṃ vā tassā ākārasahitaṃ vacanaṃ anussaranto.

Bhagavā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘upāyenassa rāgaṃ vūpasamessāmī’’ti iddhibalena naṃ tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ nento antarāmagge ekasmiṃ jhāmakhette jhāmakhāṇumatthake nisinnaṃ chinnakaṇṇanāsānaṅguṭṭhaṃ ekaṃ paluṭṭhamakkaṭiṃ dassetvā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ nesi. Pāḷiyaṃ pana ekakkhaṇeneva satthārā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ gataṃ viya vuttaṃ, taṃ gamanaṃ avatvā tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Gacchantoyeva hi bhagavā āyasmato nandassa antarāmagge taṃ paluṭṭhamakkaṭiṃ dasseti. Yadi evaṃ kathaṃ samiñjanādinidassanaṃ? Taṃ antaradhānanidassananti gahetabbaṃ. Evaṃ satthā taṃ tāvatiṃsabhavanaṃ netvā sakkassa devarañño upaṭṭhānaṃ āgatāni kakuṭapādāni pañca accharāsatāni attānaṃ vanditvā ṭhitāni dassetvā janapadakalyāṇiyā tāsaṃ pañcannaṃ accharāsatānaṃ rūpasampattiṃ paṭicca visesaṃ pucchi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nandaṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā…pe… kakuṭapādānī’’ti.

Tattha bāhāyaṃ gahetvāti bāhumhi gahetvā viya. Bhagavā hi tadā tādisaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāresi, yathā āyasmā nando bhuje gahetvā bhagavatā nīyamāno viya ahosi. Tattha ca bhagavatā sace tassa āyasmato tāvatiṃsadevalokassa dassanaṃ pavesanameva vā icchitaṃ siyā, yathānisinnasseva tassa taṃ devalokaṃ dasseyya lokavivaraṇiddhikāle viya, tameva vā iddhiyā tattha peseyya. Yasmā panassa dibbattabhāvato manussattabhāvassa yo nihīnajigucchanīyabhāvo, tassa sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ antarāmagge taṃ makkaṭiṃ dassetukāmo, devalokasirivibhavasampattiyo ca ogāhetvā dassetukāmo ahosi, tasmā taṃ gahetvā tattha nesi. Evañhissa tadatthaṃ brahmacariyavāse visesato abhirati bhavissatīti.

Kakuṭapādānīti rattavaṇṇatāya pārāvatasadisapādāni. Tā kira sabbāpi kassapassa bhagavato sāvakānaṃ pādamakkhanateladānena tādisā sukumārapādā ahesuṃ. Passasi noti passasi nu. Abhirūpatarāti visiṭṭharūpatarā. Dassanīyatarāti divasampi passantānaṃ atittikaraṇaṭṭhena passitabbatarā. Pāsādikatarāti sabbāvayavasobhāya samantato pasādāvahatarā.

Kasmā pana bhagavā avassutacittaṃ āyasmantaṃ nandaṃ accharāyo olokāpesi? Sukhenevassa kilese nīharituṃ. Yathā hi kusalo vejjo ussannadosaṃ puggalaṃ tikicchanto sinehapānādinā paṭhamaṃ dose ukkiledetvā pacchā vamanavirecanehi sammadeva nīharāpeti, evaṃ vineyyadamanakusalo bhagavā ussannarāgaṃ āyasmantaṃ nandaṃ devaccharāyo dassetvā ukkiledesi ariyamaggabhesajjena anavasesato nīharitukāmoti veditabbaṃ.

Paluṭṭhamakkaṭīti jhāmaṅgapaccaṅgamakkaṭī. Evameva khoti yathā sā, bhante, tumhehi mayhaṃ dassitā chinnakaṇṇanāsā paluṭṭhamakkaṭī janapadakalyāṇiṃ upādāya , evameva janapadakalyāṇī imāni pañca accharāsatāni upādāyāti attho. Pañcannaṃ accharāsatānanti upayoge sāmivacanaṃ, pañca accharāsatānīti attho. Avayavasambandhe vā etaṃ sāmivacanaṃ, tena pañcannaṃ accharāsatānaṃ rūpasampattiṃ upanidhāyāti adhippāyo. Upanidhāyāti ca samīpe ṭhapetvā, upādāyāti attho. Saṅkhyanti itthīti gaṇanaṃ. Kalabhāganti kalāyapi bhāgaṃ, ekaṃ soḷasakoṭṭhāse katvā tato ekakoṭṭhāsaṃ gahetvā soḷasadhā gaṇite tattha yo ekeko koṭṭhāso, so kalabhāgoti adhippeto, tampi kalabhāgaṃ na upetīti vadati. Upanidhinti ‘‘imāya ayaṃ sadisī’’ti upamābhāvena gahetvā samīpe ṭhapanampi.

Yatthāyaṃ anabhirato, taṃ brahmacariyaṃ pubbe vuttaṃ pākaṭañcāti taṃ anāmasitvā tattha abhiratiyaṃ ādarajananatthaṃ abhirama, nanda, abhirama, nandā’’ti āmeḍitavasena vuttaṃ. Ahaṃ te pāṭibhogoti kasmā bhagavā tassa brahmacariyavāsaṃ icchanto abrahmacariyavāsassa pāṭibhogaṃ upagañchi? Yatthassa ārammaṇe rāgo daḷhaṃ nipati, taṃ āgantukārammaṇe saṅkāmetvā sukhena sakkā jahāpetunti pāṭibhogaṃ upagañchi. Anupubbikathāyaṃ saggakathā imassa atthassa nidassanaṃ.

Assosunti kathamassosuṃ? Bhagavā hi tadā āyasmante nande vattaṃ dassetvā attano divāṭṭhānaṃ gate upaṭṭhānaṃ āgatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ taṃ pavattiṃ kathetvā yathā nāma kusalo puriso anikkhantaṃ āṇiṃ aññāya āṇiyā nīharitvā puna taṃ hatthādīhi sañcāletvā apaneti, evameva āciṇṇavisaye tassa rāgaṃ āgantukavisayena nīharitvā puna tadapi brahmacariyamaggahetuṃ katvā apanetukāmo ‘‘etha tumhe, bhikkhave, nandaṃ bhikkhuṃ bhatakavādena ca upakkitakavādena ca samudācarathā’’ti āṇāpesi, evaṃ bhikkhū assosuṃ. Keci pana ‘‘bhagavā tathārūpaṃ iddhābhisaṅkhāraṃ abhisaṅkhāresi, yathā te bhikkhū tamatthaṃ jāniṃsū’’ti vadanti.

Bhatakavādenāti bhatakoti vādena. Yo hi bhatiyā kammaṃ karoti, so bhatakoti vuccati, ayampi āyasmā accharāsambhoganimittaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caranto bhatako viya hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘bhatakavādenā’’ti . Upakkitakavādenāti yo kahāpaṇādīhi kiñci kiṇāti, so upakkitakoti vuccati, ayampi āyasmā accharānaṃ hetu attano brahmacariyaṃ kiṇāti, tasmā ‘‘upakkitako’’ti evaṃ vacanena. Atha vā bhagavato āṇāya accharāsambhogasaṅkhātāya bhatiyā brahmacariyavāsasaṅkhātaṃ jīvitaṃ pavattento tāya bhatiyā yāpane bhagavatā bhariyamāno viya hotīti ‘‘bhatako’’ti vutto, tathā accharāsambhogasaṅkhātaṃ vikkayaṃ ādātabbaṃ katvā bhagavato āṇattiyaṃ tiṭṭhanto tena vikkayena bhagavatā upakkito viya hotīti vuttaṃ ‘‘upakkitako’’ti.

Aṭṭīyamānoti pīḷiyamāno dukkhāpiyamāno. Harāyamānoti lajjamāno. Jigucchamānoti pāṭikulyato dahanto. Ekoti asahāyo. Vūpakaṭṭhoti vatthukāmehi kilesakāmehi ca kāyena ceva cittena ca vūpakaṭṭho. Appamattoti kammaṭṭhāne satiṃ avijahanto. Ātāpīti kāyikacetasikavīriyātāpena ātāpavā, ātāpeti kileseti ātāpo, vīriyaṃ. Pahitattoti kāye ca jīvite ca anapekkhatāya pesitatto vissaṭṭhaattabhāvo, nibbāne vā pesitacitto. Na cirassevāti kammaṭṭhānārambhato na cireneva. Yassatthāyāti yassa atthāya. Kulaputtāti duvidhā kulaputtā jātikulaputtā ca ācārakulaputtā ca, ayaṃ pana ubhayathāpi kulaputto. Sammadevāti hetunā ca kāraṇena ca. Agārasmāti gharato. Anagāriyanti pabbajjaṃ. Kasivaṇijjādikammañhi agārassa hitanti agāriyaṃ nāma, taṃ ettha natthīti pabbajjā anagāriyāti vuccati. Pabbajantīti upagacchanti. Tadanuttaranti taṃ anuttaraṃ. Brahmacariyapariyosānanti maggabrahmacariyassa pariyosānabhūtaṃ arahattaphalaṃ. Tassa hi atthāya kulaputtā idha pabbajanti. Diṭṭheva dhammeti tasmiṃyeva attabhāve. Sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvāti attanāyeva paññāya paccakkhaṃ katvā, aparappaccayena ñatvāti attho. Upasampajja vihāsīti pāpuṇitvā sampādetvā vā vihāsi. Evaṃ viharantova khīṇā jāti…pe… abbhaññāsīti. Iminā assa paccavekkhaṇabhūmi dassitā.

Tattha khīṇā jātīti na tāvassa atītā jāti khīṇā pubbeva khīṇattā, na anāgatā anāgatattā eva, na paccuppannā vijjamānattā. Maggassa pana abhāvitattā yā ekacatupañcavokārabhavesu ekacatupañcakkhandhappabhedā jāti uppajjeyya, sā maggassa bhāvitattā anuppādadhammataṃ āpajjanena khīṇā. Taṃ so maggabhāvanāya pahīnakilese paccavekkhitvā kilesābhāvena vijjamānampi kammaṃ āyatiṃ appaṭisandhikaṃ hotīti jānanena abbhaññāsi. Vusitanti vutthaṃ parivutthaṃ kataṃ caritaṃ, niṭṭhāpitanti attho. Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Puthujjanakalyāṇakena hi saddhiṃ satta sekkhā brahmacariyavāsaṃ vasanti nāma, khīṇāsavo vutthavāso, tasmā so attano brahmacariyavāsaṃ paccavekkhanto ‘‘vusitaṃ brahmacariya’’nti abbhaññāsi. Kataṃ karaṇīyanti catūsu saccesu catūhi maggehi pariññāpahānasacchikiriyābhāvanāvasena soḷasavidhampi kiccaṃ niṭṭhāpitaṃ. Puthujjanakalyāṇakādayo hi taṃ kiccaṃ karonti nāma, khīṇāsavo katakaraṇīyo, tasmā so attano karaṇīyaṃ paccavekkhanto ‘‘kataṃ karaṇīya’’nti abbhaññāsi. Nāparaṃ itthattāyāti ‘‘idāni puna itthabhāvāya evaṃ soḷasakiccabhāvāya kilesakkhayāya vā maggabhāvanāya kiccaṃ me natthī’’ti abbhaññāsi. Nāparaṃ itthattāyāti vā ‘‘itthabhāvato imasmā evaṃpakārā vattamānakkhandhasantānā aparaṃ khandhasantānaṃ mayhaṃ natthi, ime pana pañcakkhandhā pariññātā tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlakā viya rukkhā, te carimakacittanirodhena anupādāno viya jātavedo nibbāyissanti, apaṇṇattikabhāvaṃ gamissantī’’ti abbhaññāsi. Aññataroti eko. Arahatanti bhagavato sāvakānaṃ arahantānaṃ abbhantaro eko mahāsāvako ahosīti attho.

Aññatarā devatāti adhigatamaggā ekā brahmadevatā. Sā hi sayaṃ asekkhattā asekkhavisayaṃ abbhaññāsi. Sekkhā hi taṃ taṃ sekkhavisayaṃ, puthujjanā ca attano puthujjanavisayameva jānanti. Abhikkantāya rattiyāti parikkhīṇāya rattiyā, majjhimayāmeti attho. Abhikkantavaṇṇāti atiuttamavaṇṇā. Kevalakappanti anavasesena samantato. Obhāsetvāti attano pabhāya cando viya sūriyo viya ca jetavanaṃ ekobhāsaṃ katvā. Tenupasaṅkamīti āyasmato nandassa arahattappattiṃ viditvā pītisomanassajātā ‘‘taṃ bhagavato paṭivedessāmī’’ti upasaṅkami.

Āsavānaṃ khayāti ettha āsavantīti āsavā, cakkhudvārādīhi pavattantīti attho. Atha vā āgotrabhuṃ ābhavaggaṃ vā savantīti āsavā, ete dhamme etañca okāsaṃ anto karitvā pavattantīti attho. Cirapārivāsiyaṭṭhena madirādiāsavā viyāti āsavā. ‘‘Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāyā’’tiādivacanehi (a. ni. 10.61) nesaṃ cirapārivāsiyatā veditabbā. Atha vā āyataṃ saṃsāradukkhaṃ savanti pasavantītipi, āsavā. Purimo cettha attho kilesesu yujjati, pacchimo kammepi. Na kevalañca kammakilesā eva āsavā, atha kho nānappakārā upaddavāpi. Tathā hi ‘‘nāhaṃ, cunda , diṭṭhadhammikānaṃyeva āsavānaṃ saṃvarāya dhammaṃ desemī’’ti ettha (dī. ni. 3.182) vivādamūlabhūtā kilesā āsavāti āgatā.

‘‘Yena devūpapatyassa, gandhabbo vā vihaṅgamo;

Yakkhattaṃ yena gaccheyya, manussattañca abbaje;

Te mayhaṃ āsavā khīṇā, viddhastā vinalīkatā’’ti. (a. ni. 4.36) –

Ettha tebhūmikaṃ kammaṃ avasesā ca akusalā dhammā āsavāti āgatā. ‘‘Diṭṭhadhammikānaṃ āsavānaṃ saṃvarāya, samparāyikānaṃ āsavānaṃ paṭighātāyā’’ti (pārā. 39) parūpaghātavippaṭisāravadhabandhādayo ceva apāyadukkhabhūtā ca nānappakārā upaddavā.

Te panete āsavā vinaye – ‘‘diṭṭhadhammikānaṃ āsavānaṃ saṃvarāya samparāyikānaṃ āsavānaṃ paṭighātāyā’’ti (pārā. 39) dvidhā āgatā. Saḷāyatane ‘‘tayome, āvuso, āsavā – kāmāsavo, bhavāsavo, avijjāsavo’’ti (dī. ni. 3.305) tidhā āgatā, tathā aññesu ca suttantesu. Abhidhamme teyeva diṭṭhāsavena saddhiṃ catudhā āgatā. Nibbedhikapariyāye ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, āsavā nirayagāminiyā’’tiādinā (a. ni. 6.63) pañcadhā āgatā. Chakkanipāte ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, āsavā saṃvarāya pahātabbā’’tiādinā (a. ni. 6.58) nayena chadhā āgatā. Sabbāsavapariyāye (ma. ni. 1.22) teyeva dassanapahātabbehi saddhiṃ sattadhā āgatā. Idha pana abhidhammanayena cattāro āsavā veditabbā.

Khayāti ettha pana ‘‘yo āsavānaṃ khayo bhedo paribhedo’’tiādīsu āsavānaṃ sarasabhedo āsavakkhayoti vutto. ‘‘Jānato ahaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.15) āsavānaṃ āyatiṃ anuppādo āsavakkhayoti vutto.

‘‘Sekkhassa sikkhamānassa, ujumaggānusārino;

Khayasmiṃ paṭhamaṃ ñāṇaṃ, tato aññā anantarā’’ti. (itivu. 62) –

Ādīsu maggo āsavakkhayoti vutto. ‘‘Āsavānaṃ khayā samaṇo hotī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 1.438) phalaṃ.

‘‘Paravajjānupassissa, niccaṃ ujjhānasaññino;

Āsavā tassa vaḍḍhanti, ārā so āsavakkhayā’’ti. –

Ādīsu (dha. pa. 253) nibbānaṃ. Idha pana āsavānaṃ accantakhayo anuppādo vā maggo vā ‘‘āsavānaṃ khayo’’ti vutto.

Anāsavanti paṭipassaddhivasena sabbaso pahīnāsavaṃ. Cetovimuttinti arahattaphalasamādhiṃ. Paññāvimuttinti arahattaphalapaññaṃ. Ubhayavacanaṃ magge viya phalepi samathavipassanānaṃ yuganandhabhāvadassanatthaṃ. Ñāṇanti sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ. Devatāya vacanasamanantarameva ‘‘kathaṃ nu kho’’ti āvajjentassa bhagavato ñāṇaṃ uppajji ‘‘nandena arahattaṃ sacchikata’’nti. So hi āyasmā sahāyabhikkhūhi tathā uppaṇḍiyamāno ‘‘bhāriyaṃ vata mayā kataṃ, yohaṃ evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitvā accharānaṃ paṭilābhāya satthāraṃ pāṭibhogaṃ akāsi’’nti uppannasaṃvego hirottappaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā ghaṭento vāyamanto arahattaṃ patvā cintesi – ‘‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ etasmā paṭissavā moceyya’’nti. So bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā attano adhippāyaṃ satthu ārocesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho āyasmā nando…pe… etasmā paṭissavā’’ti. Tattha paṭissavāti pāṭibhogappaṭissavā, ‘‘accharānaṃ paṭilābhāya ahaṃ paṭibhūto’’ti paṭiññāya.

Athassa bhagavā ‘‘yasmā tayā aññā ārādhitāti ñātametaṃ mayā, devatāpi me ārocesi, tasmā nāhaṃ paṭissavā idāni mocetabbo arahattappattiyāva mocitattā’’ti āha. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘yadeva kho te nandā’’tiādi. Tattha yadevāti yadā eva. Teti tava. Muttoti pamutto. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yasmiṃyeva kāle āsavehi tava cittaṃ vimuttaṃ, atha anantaramevāhaṃ tato pāṭibhogato muttoti.

Sopi āyasmā vipassanākāleyeva ‘‘yadevāhaṃ indriyāsaṃvaraṃ nissāya imaṃ vippakāraṃ patto, tameva suṭṭhu niggahessāmī’’ti ussāhajāto balavahirottappo tattha ca katādhikārattā indriyasaṃvare ukkaṭṭhapaṭipadampi agamāsi. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Sace , bhikkhave, nandassa puratthimā disā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā nando puratthimaṃ disaṃ āloketi ‘evaṃ me puratthimaṃ disaṃ ālokayato na abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyu’nti, itiha tattha sampajāno hoti.

‘‘Sace, bhikkhave, nandassa pacchimā…pe… uttarā… dakkhiṇā… uddhaṃ… adho… anudisā āloketabbā hoti, sabbaṃ cetaso samannāharitvā nando anudisaṃ āloketi ‘evaṃ me…pe… sampajāno hotī’’’ti (a. ni. 8.9).

Teneva taṃ āyasmantaṃ satthā ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ indriyesu guttadvārānaṃ yadidaṃ nando’’ti (a. ni. 1.230) etadagge ṭhapesi.

Etamatthaṃ viditvāti etaṃ āyasmato nandassa sabbāsave khepetvā sukhādīsu tādibhāvappattisaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ sabbākārato viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti tadatthavibhāvanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha yassa nittiṇṇo paṅkoti yena ariyapuggalena ariyamaggasetunā sabbo diṭṭhipaṅko saṃsārapaṅko eva vā nibbānapāragamanena tiṇṇo. Maddito kāmakaṇḍakoti yena sattānaṃ vijjhanato. ‘‘Kāmakaṇḍako’’ti laddhanāmo sabbo kilesakāmo sabbo kāmavisūko aggañāṇadaṇḍena maddito bhaggo anavasesato mathito. Mohakkhayaṃ anuppattoti evaṃbhūto ca dukkhādivisayassa sabbassa sammohassa khepanena mohakkhayaṃ patto, arahattaphalaṃ nibbānañca anuppatto. Sukhadukkhesu na vedhatī sa bhikkhūti so bhinnakileso bhikkhu iṭṭhārammaṇasamāyogato uppannesu sukhesu aniṭṭhārammaṇasamāyogato uppannesu dukkhesu ca na vedhati na kampati, taṃ nimittaṃ cittavikāraṃ nāpajjati. ‘‘Sukhadukkhesū’’ti ca desanāmattaṃ, sabbesupi lokadhammesu na vedhatīti veditabbaṃ.

Dutiyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Yasojasuttavaṇṇanā

23. Tatiye yasojappamukhānīti ettha yasojoti tassa therassa nāmaṃ, taṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ katvā pabbajitattā vicaraṇato ca tāni pañca bhikkhusatāni ‘‘yasojappamukhānī’’ti vuttāni.

Tesaṃ ayaṃ pubbayogo – atīte kira kassapadasabalassa sāsane aññataro bhikkhu āraññako araññe piṭṭhipāsāṇe katapaṇṇakuṭiyaṃ viharati. Tasmiñca samaye pañcasatā corā gāmaghātakādīni katvā corikāya jīvantā corakammaṃ katvā janapadamanussehi anubaddhā palāyamānā araññaṃ pavisitvā tattha kiñci gahaṇaṃ vā paṭisaraṇaṃ vā apassantā avidūre taṃ bhikkhuṃ pāsāṇe nisinnaṃ disvā vanditvā taṃ pavattiṃ ācikkhitvā ‘‘amhākaṃ, bhante, paṭisaraṇaṃ hothā’’ti yāciṃsu. Thero ‘‘tumhākaṃ sīlasadisaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ natthi, sabbe pañca sīlāni samādiyathā’’ti āha. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchitvā sīlāni samādiyiṃsu. Thero ‘‘tumhe idāni sīlesu patiṭṭhitā, attano jīvitaṃ vināsayantesupi mā manaṃ padosayitthā’’ti kakacūpamavidhiṃ (ma. ni. 1.222 ādayo) ācikkhi. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchiṃsu. Atha te jānapadā taṃ sampattā ito cito ca gavesantā te core disvā sabbeva jīvitā voropesuṃ. Te tesu manopadosamattampi akatvā akkhaṇḍasīlā kālaṃ katvā kāmāvacaradevesu nibbattiṃsu. Tesu jeṭṭhacoro jeṭṭhadevaputto ahosi, itare tasseva parivārā.

Te aparāparaṃ saṃsarantā ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devaloke khepetvā amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle devalokato cavitvā jeṭṭhadevaputto sāvatthinagaradvāre kevaṭṭagāme pañcasatakulagāmajeṭṭhakassa kevaṭṭassa putto hutvā nibbatti, yasojotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Itarepi avasesakevaṭṭānaṃ puttā hutvā nibbattiṃsu. Te pubbasannivāsena sabbepi sahāyakā hutvā sahapaṃsukīḷitaṃ kīḷantā anupubbena vayappattā ahesuṃ, yasojo tesaṃ aggo ahosi. Te sabbeva ekato hutvā jālāni gahetvā naditaḷākādīsu macche bandhantā vicaranti.

Athekadivasaṃ aciravatiyā nadiyā jāle khitte suvaṇṇavaṇṇo maccho antojāle pāvisi. Taṃ disvā sabbepi kevaṭṭā ‘‘amhākaṃ puttā macche bandhantā suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ macchaṃ bandhiṃsū’’ti haṭṭhatuṭṭhā ahesuṃ. Atha te pañcasatāpi sahāyakā macchaṃ nāvāya pakkhipitvā nāvaṃ ukkhipitvā rañño dassesuṃ. Rājā taṃ disvā ‘‘bhagavā etassa suvaṇṇavaṇṇakāraṇaṃ jānissatī’’ti macchaṃ gāhāpetvā bhagavato dassesi. Satthā ‘‘ayaṃ kassapasammāsambuddhassa sāsane osakkamāne pabbajitvā micchā paṭipajjanto sāsanaṃ osakkāpetvā niraye nibbatto ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ niraye paccitvā tato cuto aciravatiyaṃ maccho hutvā nibbatto’’ti vatvā tassa mātubhaginīnañca niraye nibbattabhāvaṃ, tassa bhātikattherassa parinibbutabhāvañca teneva kathāpetvā imissā aṭṭhuppattiyā kapilasuttaṃ desesi.

Satthu desanaṃ sutvā te pañcasatā kevaṭṭaputtā saṃvegajātā hutvā bhagavato santike pabbajitvā, upasampannā hutvā vivekavāsaṃ vasantā bhagavantaṃ dassanāya āgamaṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena yasojappamukhāni pañcamattāni bhikkhusatānī’’tiādi.

Tattha tedhāti te idha. Nevāsikehīti nibaddhavāsaṃ vasamānehi. Paṭisammodamānāti nevāsikabhikkhūhi ‘‘kaccāvuso, khamanīya’’ntiādinā paṭisanthāravasena sammodanāya katāya ‘‘āmāvuso, khamanīya’’ntiādinā , puna sammodamānā tehi saddhiṃ samappavattamodā. Senāsanāni paññāpayamānāti ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ attano ca pāpuṇakāni senāsanāni pucchitvā tehi nevāsikehi tesaṃ ‘‘idaṃ tumhākaṃ ācariyānaṃ, idaṃ tumhākaṃ upajjhāyānaṃ, idaṃ tumhākaṃ pāpuṇātī’’ti senāsanāni saṃvidhāpetvā attanā ca tattha gantvā, dvārakavāṭāni vivaritvā, mañcapīṭhakaṭasārakādīni nīharitvā papphoṭetvā yathāṭhānaṃ ṭhapanādivasena paññāpentā ca.

Pattacīvarāni paṭisāmayamānāti, ‘‘bhante, imaṃ me pattaṃ ṭhapetha, idaṃ cīvaraṃ, idaṃ thālakaṃ, idaṃ udakatumbaṃ, idaṃ me kattarayaṭṭhi’’nti evaṃ samaṇaparikkhāraṃ saṃgopayamānā. Uccāsaddā mahāsaddāti uddhaṃ gataṭṭhena ucco saddo yesante uccāsaddā akārassa ākāraṃ katvā. Samantato patthaṭaṭṭhena mahanto saddo yesante mahāsaddā. Kevaṭṭā maññe macchavilopeti kevaṭṭā viya macchavilumpane. Yathā nāma kevaṭṭā udake vaṭṭanato macchaggahaṇatthaṃ pavattanato ‘‘kevaṭṭā’’ti laddhanāmā macchabandhā macchaggahaṇatthaṃ jale jālaṃ pakkhipitvā ‘‘paviṭṭho na paviṭṭho, gahito na gahito’’tiādinā uccāsaddamahāsaddā honti. Yathā ca te macchapacchiādīni ṭhapitaṭṭhāne mahājane gantvā ‘‘mayhaṃ ekaṃ macchaṃ detha, mayhaṃ ekaṃ macchaphālaṃ detha, amukassa dinno mahanto, mayhaṃ khuddako’’tiādīni vatvā vilumpamāne tesaṃ paṭisedhanādivasena uccāsaddamahāsaddā ca honti, evamete bhikkhūti dasseti. Teteti te ete. Kiṃnūti kissa nu, kimatthaṃ nūti attho. Temeti te ime. Paṇāmemīti nīharāmi. Voti tumhe. Na vo mama santike vatthabbanti tumhehi mayhaṃ santike na vasitabbaṃ. Ye tumhe mādisassa buddhassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ āgantvā evaṃ mahāsaddaṃ karotha, attano dhammatāya vasantā kiṃ nāma sāruppaṃ karissatha, tumhādisānaṃ mama santike vasanakiccaṃ natthīti dīpeti. Evaṃ paṇāmitesu ca bhagavatā tesu ekabhikkhupi ‘‘bhagavā tumhe mahāsaddamattakena amhe paṇāmethā’’ti vā aññaṃ vā kiñci paṭivacanaṃ avatvā buddhagāravena sabbe bhagavato vacanaṃ sampaṭicchantā ‘‘evaṃ, bhante’’ti vatvā nikkhamiṃsu. Evaṃ pana tesaṃ ahosi ‘‘mayaṃ satthāraṃ passissāma, dhammaṃ sossāma, satthu santike vasissāmāti āgatā, evarūpassa pana garuno satthu santikaṃ āgantvā mahāsaddaṃ karimhā, amhākameva dosoyaṃ, paṇāmitamhā tato, na laddhaṃ satthu santike vatthuṃ, samantapāsādikaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sarīraṃ oloketuṃ, madhurassarena desitaṃ dhammaṃ sotu’’nti. Te balavadomanassajātā hutvā pakkamiṃsu.

Saṃsāmetvāti suguttaṃ katvā. Vajjīti evaṃnāmako janapado, vajjī nāma jānapadino rājakumārā, tesaṃ nivāso ekopi janapado ruḷhīvasena ‘‘vajjī’’tveva vuccati. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘vajjīsū’’ti. Vaggumudāti evaṃnāma lokassa puññasammatā ekā nadī. ‘‘Vaggamudā’’tipi pāṭho. Atthakāmenāti kiñci payojanaṃ anapekkhitvā atthameva icchantena. Hitesināti atthaṃ icchantena, ‘‘kinti me sāvakā vaṭṭadukkhā parimucceyyu’’nti tassa atthasaṅkhātassa atthassa vā hetubhūtassa hitassa esanasīlena. Tato eva attano sarīrakhedaṃ agaṇetvā dūrepi veneyyasantikaṃ gantvā anukampanato anukampakena. Tameva anukampaṃ upādāya mayaṃ paṇāmitā, na attano veyyāvaccādipaccāsīsāya. Yasmā dhammagaruno buddhā bhagavanto sammāpaṭipattiyāva pūjetabbā, ye uccāsaddakaraṇamattepi paṇāmenti, tasmā handa mayaṃ, āvuso, tathā vihāraṃ kappema sabbattha satisampajaññayogena apaṇṇakappaṭipadaṃ pūrentā yathāgahitakammaṭṭhānaṃ matthakaṃ pāpentā catuiriyāpathavihāraṃ kappema viharāma. Yathā no viharatanti yathā amhesu viharantesu, bhagavā attamano assa, sammāpaṭipattiyā pūjāya ārādhito bhaveyyāti attho.

Tenevantaravassenāti tasmiṃyeva antaravasse mahāpavāraṇaṃ anatikkamitvāva. Sabbeva tisso vijjā sacchākaṃsūti sabbeyeva te pañcasatā bhikkhū pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ āsavakkhayañāṇanti imā tisso pubbenivutthakkhandhappaṭicchādakamohakkhandhādīnaṃ vinivijjhanaṭṭhena vijjā attapaccakkhā akaṃsu. Lokiyābhiññāsu imāyeva dve abhiññā āsavakkhayañāṇassa bahūpakārā, na tathā dibbasotacetopariyaiddhividhañāṇānīti dassanatthaṃ vijjattayamevettha tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ adhigamadassanavasena uddhaṭaṃ. Tathā hi verañjasutte (a. ni. 8.11) bhagavā verañjabrāhmaṇassa attano adhigamaṃ dassento vijjattayameva desesi, na dibbasotañāṇādīnaṃ abhāvato. Evaṃ tesampi bhikkhūnaṃ vijjamānānipi dibbasotañāṇādīni na uddhaṭāni. Chaḷabhiññā hi te bhikkhū. Evañca katvā ‘‘vaggumudāya nadiyā tīre antarahitā mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ bhagavato sammukhe pāturahesu’’nti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ iddhivaḷañjanaṃ vakkhati.

Yathābhirantanti yathābhiratiṃ yathājjhāsayaṃ. Buddhānañhi ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vasantānaṃ chāyūdakavipattiṃ vā aphāsukasenāsanaṃ vā manussānaṃ assaddhādibhāvaṃ vā āgamma anabhirati nāma natthi, tesaṃ sampattiyā ‘‘phāsuṃ viharāmā’’ti ciravihāropi natthi. Yattha pana bhagavati viharante manussā saraṇesu vā patiṭṭhahanti, sīlāni vā samādiyanti pabbajanti, sotāpattimaggādīni vā pāpuṇanti, satthā tāsu sampattīsu tesaṃ patiṭṭhāpanatthaṃ vasati, tadabhāve pakkamati. Tadā hi sāvatthiyaṃ kattabbabuddhakiccaṃ nāhosi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā yena vesālī tena cārikaṃ pakkāmī’’ti.

Cārikaṃ caramānoti addhānagamanaṃ gacchanto. Cārikā ca nāmesā bhagavato duvidhā turitacārikā aturitacārikāti. Tattha dūrepi bodhaneyyapuggalaṃ disvā tassa bodhanatthaṃ sahasā gamanaṃ turitacārikā nāma, sā mahākassapapaccuggamanādīsu daṭṭhabbā. Yā pana gāmanigamarājadhānīpaṭipāṭiyā devasikaṃ yojanaddhayojanavasena piṇḍapātacariyādīhi lokaṃ anuggaṇhanto gacchati, ayaṃ aturitacārikā nāma, ayameva idhādhippetā. Tadavasarīti tena avasari, taṃ vā avasari, tattha avasari , pāvisīti attho.

Tatrāti tassaṃ. Sudanti nipātamattaṃ. Vesāliyanti tikkhattuṃ visālībhūtattā ‘‘vesālī’’ti laddhanāme licchavirājūnaṃ nagare. Mahāvaneti mahāvanaṃ nāma sayaṃjātaṃ aropimaṃ saparicchedaṃ mahantaṃ vanaṃ. Kapilavatthusāmantā pana mahāvanaṃ himavantena saha ekābaddhaṃ aparicchedaṃ hutvā mahāsamuddaṃ āhacca ṭhitaṃ. Idaṃ tādisaṃ na hoti, saparicchedaṃ mahantaṃ vananti mahāvanaṃ. Kūṭāgārasālāyanti tasmiṃ mahāvane bhagavantaṃ uddissa kate ārāme kūṭāgāraṃ anto katvā haṃsavaṭṭakacchannena katā sabbākārasampannā buddhassa bhagavato gandhakuṭi kūṭāgārasālā nāma , tassaṃ kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Vaggumudātīriyānanti vaggumudātīravāsīnaṃ. Cetasā ceto paricca manasi karitvāti attano cittena tesaṃ cittaṃ paricchijja manasi karitvā, cetopariyañāṇena vā sabbaññutaññāṇena vā tehi adhigatavisesaṃ jānitvāti attho.

Ālokajātāviyāti sañjātālokā viya. Itaraṃ tasseva vevacanaṃ, candasahassasūriyasahassehi obhāsitā viyāti attho. Yasmā te yasojappamukhā pañcasatā bhikkhū sabbaso avijjandhakāravidhamanena ālokabhūtā obhāsabhūtā hutvā viharanti, tasmā bhagavā tehi ṭhitadisāya ‘‘ālokajātā viya me, ānanda, esā disā’’tiādinā vaṇṇabhaṇanāpadesena te bhikkhū pasaṃsati. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘yassaṃ disāyaṃ vaggumudātīriyā bhikkhū viharantī’’ti. Appaṭikūlāti na paṭikūlā, manāpā manoharāti attho. Yasmiñhi padese sīlādiguṇasampannā mahesino viharanti, taṃ kiñcāpi ukkūlavikūlavisamaduggākāraṃ, atha kho manuññaṃ ramaṇīyameva. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, ninne vā yadi vā thale;

Yattha arahanto viharanti, taṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyaka’’nti. (dha. pa. 98);

Pahiṇeyyāsīti peseyyāsi. Satthā āyasmantānaṃ dassanakāmoti tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santike paheṇākāradassanaṃ. Iti bhagavā yadatthaṃ te bhikkhū paṇāmesi, tamatthaṃ matthakappattaṃ disvā āraddhacitto tesaṃ dassanakāmataṃ therassa ārocesi. Evaṃ kirassa ahosi ‘‘ahaṃ ime uccāsaddamahāsaddakaraṇe paṇāmessāmi, atha te bhadro assājānīyo viya kasābhighātena, tena coditā saṃvegappattā mamārādhanatthaṃ araññaṃ pavisitvā ghaṭentā vāyamantā khippameva arahattaṃ sacchikarissantī’’ti. Idāni te aggaphalappatte disvā tāya arahattappattiyā ārādhitacitto tesaṃ dassanakāmo hutvā evaṃ dhammabhaṇḍāgārikaṃ āṇāpesi.

So bhikkhūti ānandattherena tathā āṇatto chaḷabhiñño eko bhikkhu. Pamukheti sammukhe. Āneñjasamādhināti catutthajjhānapādakena aggaphalasamādhinā, ‘‘arūpajjhānapādakenā’’tipi vadanti. ‘‘Āneñjena samādhinā’’tipi pāṭho. Kasmā pana bhagavā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ āgamanaṃ jānanto paṭisanthāraṃ akatvā samāpattiṃyeva samāpajji? Tesaṃ attanā samāpannasamāpattiṃ jānitvā samāpajjanatthaṃ, tesaṃ pubbe paṇāmitānaṃ idāni attanā samānasambhogadassanatthaṃ, ānubhāvadīpanatthaṃ, vinā vacībhedena aññabyākaraṇadīpanatthañca. Apare panāhu ‘‘pubbe paṇāmitānaṃ idāni attano santikaṃ āgatānaṃ anuttarasukhuppādanena anaññasādhāraṇapaṭisanthārakaraṇattha’’nti. Tepi āyasmanto bhagavato ajjhāsayaṃ ñatvā taṃyeva samāpattiṃ samāpajjiṃsu. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘katamena nu kho bhagavā vihārena etarahi viharatī’’tiādi.

Ettha ca rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ kosajjādīnaṃ pāripantikadhammānaṃ suvidūrabhāvato iddhiyā mūlabhūtehi anoṇamanādīhi soḷasahi vodānadhammehi samannāgamanato āneñjappattaṃ sayaṃ aniñjanaṭṭhena āneñjanti vuccati. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Anoṇataṃ cittaṃ kosajje na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Anuṇṇataṃ cittaṃ uddhacce na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Anabhirataṃ cittaṃ rāge na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Anapanataṃ cittaṃ byāpāde na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Anissitaṃ cittaṃ diṭṭhiyā na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Appaṭibaddhaṃ cittaṃ chandarāge na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Vippamuttaṃ cittaṃ kāmarāge na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Visaṃyuttaṃ cittaṃ kilese na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Vimariyādikataṃ cittaṃ kilesamariyādāya na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Ekattagataṃ cittaṃ nānattakilese na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Saddhāya pariggahitaṃ cittaṃ assaddhiye na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Vīriyena pariggahitaṃ cittaṃ kosajje na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Satiyā pariggahitaṃ cittaṃ pamāde na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Samādhinā pariggahitaṃ cittaṃ uddhacce na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Paññāya pariggahitaṃ cittaṃ avijjāya na iñjatīti āneñjaṃ. Obhāsagataṃ cittaṃ avijjandhakāre na iñjatīti āneñja’’nti.

Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānameva ca rūpavirāgabhāvanāvasena pavattitaṃ, ārammaṇavibhāgena catubbidhaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānanti etesaṃ pañcannaṃ jhānānaṃ āneñjavohāro. Tesaṃ yaṃ kiñci pādakaṃ katvā samāpannā arahattaphalasamāpatti āneñjasamādhīti porāṇā.

Abhikkantāyāti atītāya. Nikkhanteti niggate, apagateti attho. Tuṇhī ahosīti bhagavā ariyena tuṇhībhāvena tuṇhī ahosi. Uddhaste aruṇeti uggate aruṇe, aruṇo nāma puratthimadisāya sūriyodayato puretarameva uṭṭhitobhāso. Nandimukhiyāti rattiyā aruṇassa uggatattā eva aruṇappabhāya sūriyālokūpajīvino satte nandāpanamukhiyā viya rattiyā jātāya, vibhāyamānāyāti attho.

Tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvāti yathāparicchedaṃ tato āneñjasamādhito arahattaphalasamāpattito uṭṭhāya. Sace kho tvaṃ, ānanda, jāneyyāsīti bhagavā ‘‘ime ca bhikkhū ettakaṃ kālaṃ iminā nāma samāpattisukhena vītināmentī’’ti, ānanda, yadi tvaṃ jāneyyāsi. Ettakampi te nappaṭibhāseyyāti lokiyapaṭisammodanaṃ sandhāya yadidaṃ te ‘‘abhikkantā, bhante, rattī’’tiādinā tikkhattuṃ paṭibhānaṃ upaṭṭhitaṃ, tayidaṃ ettakampi te na upaṭṭhaheyya. Yasmā ca kho tvaṃ, ānanda, sekkho asekkhaṃ samāpattivihāraṃ na jānāsi, tasmā maṃ imesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ lokiyapaṭisammodanaṃ kāretuṃ ussukkaṃ āpajji. Ahaṃ pana imehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ lokuttarapaṭisammodaneneva tiyāmarattiṃ vītināmesinti dassento bhagavā āha – ‘‘ahañca, ānanda, imāni ca pañca bhikkhusatāni sabbeva āneñjasamādhinā nisīdimhā’’ti.

Etamatthaṃ viditvāti etaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ attanā samaṃ āneñjasamādhisamāpajjanasamatthatāsaṅkhātaṃ vasībhāvatthaṃ sabbākārato viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti imaṃ tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anavasesarāgādippahānasaṃsiddhitādisabhāvadīpanaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha yassa jito kāmakaṇḍakoti kusalapakkhavijjhanaṭṭhena kaṇḍakabhūto kilesakāmo yena ariyapuggalena anavasesaṃ jito pahīno, etenassa anunayābhāvaṃ dasseti. ‘‘Gāmakaṇṭako’’tipi pāṭho. Tassattho – gāme kaṇṭako kaṇṭakaṭṭhāniyo sakalo vatthukāmo yassa jitoti. Jayo cassa tappaṭibaddhachandarāgappahāneneva veditabbo, tena tesaṃ anāgāmimaggo vutto hoti . Akkoso ca jitoti sambandho. Vadho ca bandhanañcāti etthāpi eseva nayo. Tesu akkosajayena vacīduccaritābhāvo, itarena kāyaduccaritābhāvo dassito. Tena taṃnimittakassa byāpādassa anavasesappahānena tatiyamaggo vutto hoti. Atha vā akkosādijayavacanena tatiyamaggo vutto hoti, akkosādīnaṃ accantakhamanaṃ tattha pakāsitaṃ hoti, ubhayathāpi nesaṃ virodhābhāvaṃ dasseti. Pabbatoviya so ṭhito anejoti ejā vuccati calanakilesaparipantho, ejāhetūnaṃ avasesakilesānaṃ abhāvena anejo, anejattāyeva sabbakilesehi paravādavātehi ca akampanīyattā ṭhito ekagghanapabbatasadiso. Sukhadukkhesu na vedhati sa bhikkhūti so bhinnakileso bhikkhu sukhadukkhanimittaṃ na kampatīti heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Iti bhagavā tesaṃ pañcasatānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ arahattādhigamena tādibhāvappattiṃ ekajjhaṃ katvā ekapuggalādhiṭṭhānaṃ udānaṃ udānesīti.

Tatiyasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Sāriputtasuttavaṇṇanā

24. Catutthe parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāti ārammaṇābhimukhaṃ satiṃ ṭhapayitvā mukhasamīpe katvā. Tathā hi vibhaṅge vuttaṃ –

‘‘Ayaṃ sati upaṭṭhitā hoti supaṭṭhitā nāsikagge vā mukhanimitte vā, tena vuccati parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā’’ti (vibha. 537).

Atha vā ‘‘parīti pariggahaṭṭho, mukhanti niyyānaṭṭho, satīti upaṭṭhānaṭṭho, tena vuccati ‘parimukhaṃ sati’’’nti. Evaṃ paṭisambhidāyaṃ (paṭi. ma. 1.164) vuttanayenapettha attho veditabbo. Tatrāyaṃ saṅkhepattho – pariggahitaniyyānasatiṃ katvāti. Niyyānanti ca satiyā ogāhitabbaṃ ārammaṇaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Ettha ca purimo pacchimo ca attho sabbasaṅgāhakavasena, itaro samāpattiyā pubbabhāgasamannāhāravasena daṭṭhabbo. Satīti vā satisīsena jhānaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘ye kāyagatāsatiṃ paribhuñjantī’’tiādīsu (a. ni. 1.600) viya. Katamaṃ pana taṃ jhānanti? Rūpāvacaracatutthajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā samāpannaṃ arahattaphalajjhānaṃ. Kathaṃ panetaṃ jānitabbanti? Āneñjasamādhiyogena therassa savisesaṃ niccalabhāvaṃ kenaci akampanīyatañca pabbatopamāya pakāsento bhagavā imaṃ udānaṃ abhāsīti gāthāya eva ayamattho viññāyati. Na cāyaṃ nisajjā therassa saccappaṭivedhāya, atha kho diṭṭhadhammasukhavihārāya. Pubbeyeva hi sūkarakhataleṇe (ma. ni. 2.201) attano bhāgineyyassa dīghanakhaparibbājakassa bhagavati dhammaṃ desente ayaṃ mahāthero saccappaṭivedhakiccaṃ matthakaṃ pāpesīti.

Etamatthanti etaṃ therassa āneñjasamādhiyogena tādibhāvappattiyā ca kenaci akampanīyatāsaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ sabbākārato viditvā tadatthavibhāvanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha yathāpi pabbato seloti yathā silāmayo ekagghanasilāpabbato, na paṃsupabbato na missakapabbatoti attho. Acalo suppatiṭṭhitoti suppatiṭṭhitamūlo pakativātehi acalo akampanīyo hoti. Evaṃ mohakkhayā bhikkhu, pabbatova na vedhatīti mohassa anavasesappahānā mohamūlakattā ca sabbākusalānaṃ pahīnasabbākusalo bhikkhu, yathā so pabbato pakativātehi, evaṃ lokadhammehi na vedhati na kampati. Mohakkhayoti vā yasmā nibbānaṃ arahattañca vuccati, tasmā mohakkhayassa hetu nibbānassa arahattassa vā adhigatattā catūsu ariyasaccesu suppatiṭṭhito asamāpannakālepi yathāvuttapabbato viya na kenaci vedhati, pageva samāpannakāleti adhippāyo.

Catutthasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mahāmoggallānasuttavaṇṇanā

25. Pañcame kāyagatāya satiyāti kāyānupassanāvasena kāye gatāya kāyārammaṇāya satiyā, itthambhūtalakkhaṇe idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ . Ajjhattanti idha ajjhattaṃ nāma niyakajjhattaṃ, tasmā attani attasantāneti attho. Atha vā yasmā kammaṭṭhānabhūto kesādiko dvattiṃsakoṭṭhāsasamudāyo idha kāyoti adhippeto, tasmā ajjhattanti padassa gocarajjhattanti attho veditabbo. Sūpaṭṭhitāyāti niyakajjhattabhūte gocarajjhattabhūte vā kāye suṭṭhu upaṭṭhitāya. Kā panāyaṃ sati, yā ‘‘ajjhattaṃ sūpaṭṭhitā’’ti vuttā? Yvāyaṃ bhagavatā ‘‘atthi imasmiṃ kāye kesā lomā’’tiādinā (dī. ni. 2.377; ma. ni. 1.110; khu. pā. 3.dvattiṃsākāra) ajjhattakesādiko dvattiṃsākāro kāyo vutto, tattha yā paṭikūlamanasikāraṃ pavattentassa upacārappanāvasena kāye upaṭṭhitā sati, sā ‘‘kāyagatā satī’’ti vuccati. Yathā cāyaṃ, evaṃ ānāpānacatuiriyāpathasatisampajaññānaṃ vasena uddhumātakavinīlakādivasena ca manasikāraṃ pavattentassa yathārahaṃ upacārappanāvasena kāye upaṭṭhitā sati ‘‘kāyagatā satī’’ti vuccati. Idha pana ajjhattaṃ kāyagatā sati pathavīādikā catasso dhātuyo sasambhārasaṅkhepādīsu catūsu yena kenaci ekenākārena vavatthapetvā tesaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena upaṭṭhitā vipassanāsampayuttā sati ‘‘kāyagatā satī’’ti adhippetā. Thero pana tathā vipassitvā attano phalasamāpattimeva samāpajjitvā nisīdi. Idhāpi gāthāya evaṃ imassa atthassa viññātabbatā ‘‘na cāyaṃ nisajjā’’tiādinā vuttanayānusārena yojetabbā.

Etamatthanti etaṃ therassa catudhātuvavatthānamukhena kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānena vipassanaṃ ogāhetvā phalasamāpattisamāpajjanasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti imaṃ satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāya nibbānādhigamadīpakaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha sati kāyagatā upaṭṭhitāti pubbe vuttalakkhaṇā sati saddhāpubbaṅgamānaṃ samādhivīriyapaññānaṃ yathāsakaṃ kiccanipphādanena sahāyabhāvaṃ āpannattā pahīnappaṭipakkhā tato eva tikkhavisadabhūtā ca yathāvuttakāyasaṃvaraṇavasena ekatthasamosaraṇavasena ca aviparītasabhāvaṃ sallakkhentī upagantvā ṭhitā hoti, etena kāyasaṅkhātānaṃ catunnaṃ dhātūnaṃ tannissitānañca upādārūpānaṃ sallakkhaṇavasena, paccaye vavatthapetvā tato paraṃ tesaṃ aniccādilakkhaṇasallakkhaṇavasena ca pavattaṃ ñāṇaparamparāgataṃ satiṃ dasseti, satisīsena vā taṃsampayuttaṃ pariññāttayapariyāpannañāṇaparamparameva dasseti. Chasu phassāyatanesu saṃvutoti yathāvuttāya kāye upaṭṭhitāya satiyā samannāgato cakkhādīsu phassassa kāraṇabhūtesu chasu dvāresu kāyānupassanāya abhāvitāya uppajjanārahānaṃ abhijjhādīnaṃ tassā bhāvitattā ñāṇappavattiṃ paṭivedhento te pidahanto ‘‘tattha saṃvuto’’ti vuccati, etena ñāṇasaṃvaraṃ dasseti.

Satataṃ bhikkhu samāhitoti so bhikkhu evaṃ upaṭṭhitassati sabbattha ca saṃvuto puthuttārammaṇe cittaṃ avissajjetvā aniccādivasena sammasanto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ñāṇe tikkhe sūre vahante vipassanāsamādhinā tāva satataṃ nirantaraṃ samāhito anulomañāṇānantaraṃ gotrabhuñāṇodayato paṭṭhāya. Jaññā nibbānamattanoti aññesaṃ puthujjanānaṃ supinantepi agocarabhāvato, ariyānaṃ pana tassa tasseva āveṇikattā attasadisattā ca ‘‘attā’’ti laddhavohārassa maggaphalañāṇassa sātisayavisayabhāvato ekantasukhāvahaṃ nibbānaṃ asaṅkhatadhātu ‘‘attano’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ nibbānaṃ jaññā jāneyya, maggaphalañāṇehi paṭivijjheyya, sacchikareyyāti attho. Etena ariyānaṃ nibbāne adhimuttataṃ dasseti. Ariyā hi adhicittappavattikālepi ekanteneva nibbāne ninnapoṇapabbhārabhāvena viharanti. Ettha ca yassa sati kāyagatā upaṭṭhitā, so bhikkhu chasu phassāyatanesu saṃvuto, tato eva satataṃ samāhito attapaccakkhakaraṇena nibbānaṃ attano jāneyyāti evaṃ gāthāpadānaṃ sambandho veditabbo. Evaṃ kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānamukhena yāva arahattā ekassa bhikkhuno niyyānamaggaṃ dasseti dhammarājā.

Aparo nayo – sati kāyagatā upaṭṭhitāti etena kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ dasseti. Chasu phassāyatanesu saṃvutoti phasso āyatanaṃ kāraṇaṃ etesanti phassāyatanāni, tesu phassāyatanesu. Phassahetukesu phassapaccayā nibbattesu chasu cakkhusamphassajādivedayitesu taṇhādīnaṃ appavattiyā saṃvuto, etena vedanānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ dasseti. Satataṃ bhikkhu samāhitoti satataṃ niccakālaṃ nirantaraṃ vikkhepābhāvato samāhito bhikkhu. So cāyaṃ avikkhepo sabbaso satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāya matthakappattāya hoti. Sammasanto hi atītādibhedabhinnesu pañcupādānakkhandhesu anavasesatova pariggahetvā sammasatīti. Etena sesasatipaṭṭhāne dasseti. Jaññā nibbānamattanoti evaṃ catusatipaṭṭhānabhāvanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā ṭhito bhinnakileso bhikkhu attano kilesanibbānaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇena sayameva jāneyyāti attho.

Atha vā sati kāyagatā upaṭṭhitāti attano paresañca kāyassa yathāsabhāvapariññādīpanena therassa sativepullappatti dīpitā. Chasu phassāyatanesu saṃvutoti cakkhādīsu chasu dvāresu accantasaṃvaradīpanena satatavihārivasena therassa sampajaññappakāsinī paññāvepullappatti dīpitā. Satataṃ bhikkhu samāhitoti samāpattibahulatādassanena navānupubbavihārasamāpattiyo dassitā. Evaṃbhūto pana bhikkhu jaññā nibbānamattanoti katakiccattā uttari karaṇīyābhāvato kevalaṃ attano anupādisesanibbānameva jāneyya cinteyya, aññampi tassa cintetabbaṃ natthīti adhippāyo.

Pañcamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Pilindavacchasuttavaṇṇanā

26. Chaṭṭhe pilindavacchoti pilindātissa nāmaṃ, vacchoti gottavasena theraṃ sañjānanti. Vasalavādena samudācaratīti ‘‘ehi, vasala, apehi, vasalā’’tiādinā bhikkhū vasalavādena voharati ālapati. Sambahulā bhikkhūti bahū bhikkhū. Te theraṃ tathā samudācarantaṃ disvā ‘‘arahāva samāno appahīnavāsanattā evaṃ bhaṇatī’’ti ajānantā ‘‘dosantaro maññe ayaṃ thero evaṃ samudācaratī’’ti cintetvā ullapanādhippāyā taṃ tato vuṭṭhāpetuṃ bhagavato ārocesuṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘āyasmā, bhante, pilindavaccho bhikkhū vasalavādena samudācaratī’’ti. Keci panāhu – ‘‘imaṃ theraṃ bhikkhū ‘arahā’ti sañjānanti, ayañca bhikkhū pharusavacanena evaṃ samudācarati, ‘abhūto eva nu kho imasmiṃ uttarimanussadhammo’ti vāsanāvasena tassa tathā samudācāraṃ ajānantā ariyabhāvañcassa asaddahantā ujjhānasaññino bhagavato tamatthaṃ ārocesu’’nti. Bhagavā therassa dosantarābhāvaṃ pakāsetukāmo ekena bhikkhunā taṃ pakkosāpetvā sammukhā tassa ‘‘pubbāciṇṇavasenāyaṃ tathā samudācarati, na pharusavacanādhippāyo’’ti āha. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavā aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ āmantesī’’tiādi.

Tattha pubbenivāsaṃ manasi karitvāti satthā ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, vaccha, bhikkhū vasalavādena samudācarasī’’ti theraṃ pucchitvā tena ‘‘evaṃ, bhante’’ti vutte ‘‘ayaṃ vaccho kilesavāsanāya vasalavādaṃ na pariccajati, kiṃ nu kho atītesupi attabhāvesu brāhmaṇajātiko ahosī’’ti āvajjento pubbenivāsañāṇena sabbaññutaññāṇena vā tassa pubbenivāsaṃ atītāsu jātīsu nivutthakkhandhasantānaṃ manasi karitvā hatthatale ṭhapitaṃ āmalakaṃ viya paccakkhakaraṇavasena attano manasi katvā. Bhikkhū āmantesīti te bhikkhū saññāpetuṃ ālapi, abhāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘mā kho tumhe, bhikkhave’’tiādi.

Tattha ti paṭisedhe nipāto, tassa ‘‘ujjhāyitthā’’ti iminā sambandho. Mā ujjhāyitthāti mā heṭṭhā katvā cintayittha, olokayitthāti attho. Vacchassa bhikkhunoti ca ujjhāyanassa usūyanatthattā sampadānavacanaṃ. Idānissa anujjhāyitabbe kāraṇaṃ dassento ‘‘na, bhikkhave, vaccho dosantaro bhikkhū vasalavādena samudācaratī’’ti āha. Tassattho – bhikkhave, ayaṃ vaccho dosantaro dosacitto dosena byāpādena dūsitacitto hutvā bhikkhū vasalavādena na samudācarati , maggeneva cassa byāpādo samugghātito. Evaṃ adosantarattepi tassa tathā samudācārassa purimajātisiddhaṃ kāraṇaṃ dassento ‘‘vacchassa, bhikkhave’’tiādimāha.

Tattha abbokiṇṇānīti khattiyādijātiantarehi avomissāni anantaritāni. Pañca jātisatāni brāhmaṇakule paccājātānīti sabbāni tāni vacchassa pañca jātisatāni paṭipāṭiyā brāhmaṇakule eva jātāni, ahesunti attho. So tassa vasalavādo dīgharattaṃ samudāciṇṇoti yo etarahi khīṇāsavenapi satā pavattiyati, so tassa vacchassa bhikkhuno vasalavādo dīgharattaṃ ito jātito paṭṭhāya uddhaṃ ārohanavasena pañcajātisatamattaṃ kālaṃ brāhmaṇajātikattā samudāciṇṇo samudācarito ahosi. Brāhmaṇā hi jātisiddhena mānena thaddhā aññaṃ vasalavādena samudācaranti. ‘‘Ajjhāciṇṇo’’tipi paṭhanti, so eva attho. Tenāti tena dīgharattaṃ tathā samudāciṇṇabhāvena, etenassa tathā samudācārassa kāraṇaṃ vāsanāti dasseti. Kā panāyaṃ vāsanā nāma? Yaṃ kilesarahitassāpi santāne appahīnakilesānaṃ samācārasadisasamācārahetubhūtaṃ, anādikālabhāvitehi kilesehi āhitaṃ sāmatthiyamattaṃ, tathārūpā adhimuttīti vadanti. Taṃ panetaṃ abhinīhārasampattiyā ñeyyāvaraṇappahānavasena yattha kilesā pahīnā, tattha bhagavato santāne natthi. Yattha pana tathā kilesā na pahīnā, tattha sāvakānaṃ paccekabuddhānañca santāne atthi, tato tathāgatova anāvaraṇañāṇadassano.

Etamatthaṃ viditvāti etaṃ āyasmato pilindavacchassa satipi vasalasamudācāre dosantarābhāvasaṅkhātaṃ atthaṃ viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti tassa aggaphalādhigamavibhāvanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha yamhi na māyā vasati na mānoti yasmiṃ ariyapuggale santadosappaṭicchādanalakkhaṇā māyā, ‘‘seyyohamasmī’’tiādinā sampaggahavasena pavatto uṇṇatilakkhaṇo māno ca na vasati, maggena samugghātitattā na pavattati na uppajjati. Yo vītalobho amamo nirāsoti yo ca rāgādipariyāyavasena pavattassa ārammaṇaggahaṇalakkhaṇassa lobhassa sabbathā vigatattā vītalobho, tato eva rūpādīsu katthaci mamāyanābhāvato amamo apariggaho, anāgatānampi bhavādīnaṃ anāsīsanato nirāso. Panuṇṇakodhoti kujjhanalakkhaṇassa kodhassa anāgāmimaggena sabbaso pahīnattā panuṇṇakodho samucchinnāghāto. Abhinibbutattoti yo evaṃ māyāmānalobhakodhānaṃ samugghātena tadekaṭṭhatāya sabbassa saṃkilesapakkhassa suppahīnattā sabbaso kilesaparinibbānena abhinibbutacitto sītibhūto. So brāhmaṇoso samaṇo sa bhikkhūti so evarūpo khīṇāsavo sabbaso bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇo, so eva samitapāpattā samacariyāya ca samaṇo, so eva ca sabbaso bhinnakilesattā bhikkhu nāma. Evaṃbhūto ca, bhikkhave, vaccho so kathaṃ dosantaro kiñci kāyakammādiṃ pavatteyya, kevalaṃ pana vāsanāya appahīnattā vasalavādena samudācaratīti.

Chaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Sakkudānasuttavaṇṇanā

27. Sattame sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisinno hoti aññataraṃ samādhiṃ samāpajjitvāti ettha keci tāva āhu ‘‘arahattaphalasamādhi idha ‘aññataro samādhī’ti adhippeto’’ti. Tañhi so āyasmā bahulaṃ samāpajjati diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāratthaṃ, pahoti ca sattāhampi phalasamāpattiyā vītināmetuṃ. Tathā hi bhagavatā –

‘‘Ahaṃ, bhikkhave, yāvade ākaṅkhāmi vivicceva kāmehi, vivicca akusalehi dhammehi…pe… viharāmi. Kassapopi, bhikkhave, yāvade ākaṅkhati vivicceva kāmehi…pe… viharatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.152) –

Ādinā navānupubbavihārachaḷabhiññādibhede uttarimanussadhamme attanā samasamaṭṭhāne ṭhapito, na cettha ‘‘yadi evaṃ thero yamakapāṭihāriyampi kareyyā’’ti vattabbaṃ sāvakasādhāraṇānaṃyeva jhānādīnaṃ adhippetattāti.

Porāṇā panāhu – aññataraṃ samādhiṃ samāpajjitvāti nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpajjitvā. Kathaṃ pana nirodhasamāpatti samādhīti vuttā? Samādhānaṭṭhena. Ko panāyaṃ samādhānaṭṭho? Sammadeva ādhātabbatā. Yā hi esā paccanīkadhammehi akampanīyā balappattiyā samathabalaṃ vipassanābalanti imehi dvīhi balehi, aniccadukkhānattanibbidāvirāganirodhapaṭinissaggavivaṭṭānupassanā cattāri maggañāṇāni cattāri ca phalañāṇānīti imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ ñāṇānaṃ vasena soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhi, paṭhamajjhānasamādhiādayo aṭṭha samādhī ekajjhaṃ katvā gahito tesaṃ upacārasamādhi cāti imesaṃ navannaṃ samādhīnaṃ vasena navahi samādhicariyāhi kāyasaṅkhāro vacīsaṅkhāro cittasaṅkhāroti imesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ tattha tattha paṭippassaddhiyā tathā viharitukāmena yathāvuttesu ṭhānesu vasībhāvappattena arahatā anāgāminā vā yathādhippetaṃ kālaṃ cittacetasikasantānassa sammadeva appavatti ādhātabbā, tassā tathā samādhātabbatā idha samādhānaṭṭho, tenāyaṃ vihāro samādhīti vutto, na avikkhepaṭṭhena. Etenassa samāpattiatthopi vuttoti veditabbo. Imañhi nirodhasamāpattiṃ sandhāya paṭisambhidāmagge –

‘‘Kathaṃ dvīhi balehi samannāgatattā tiṇṇaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ paṭippassaddhiyā soḷasahi ñāṇacariyāhi navahi samādhicariyāhi vasībhāvatāya saññānirodhasamāpattiyā ñāṇa’’nti (paṭi. ma. 1.83) –

Pucchitvā ‘‘dvīhi balehī’’ti dve balāni samathabalaṃ vipassanābalanti vitthāro. Sāyaṃ nirodhasamāpattikathā visuddhimagge (visuddhi. 2.867 ādayo) saṃvaṇṇitāva. Kasmā panāyaṃ thero phalasamāpattiṃ asamāpajjitvā nirodhaṃ samāpajji? Sattesu anukampāya. Ayañhi mahāthero sabbāpi samāpattiyo vaḷañjeti, sattānuggahena pana yebhuyyena nirodhaṃ samāpajjati. Tañhi samāpajjitvā vuṭṭhitassa kato appakopi sakkāro visesato mahapphalo mahānisaṃso hotīti.

Vuṭṭhāsīti arahattaphalacittuppattiyā vuṭṭhāsi. Nirodhaṃ samāpanno hi arahā ce arahattaphalassa, anāgāmī ce anāgāmiphalassa uppādena vuṭṭhito nāma hoti.

Tena kho pana samayena sakko devānamindo āyasmato mahākassapassa piṇḍapātaṃ dātukāmo hotīti kathaṃ tassa dātukāmatā jātā? Yāni ‘‘tāni pañcamattāni devatāsatānī’’ti vuttāni, tā sakkassa devarañño paricārikā kakuṭapādiniyo pubbe ‘‘ayyo mahākassapo rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pavisati, gacchatha therassa dānaṃ dethā’’ti sakkena pesitā upagantvā dibbāhāraṃ dātukāmā ṭhitā therena paṭikkhittā devalokameva gatā. Idāni purimappaṭikkhepaṃ cintetvā ‘‘kadāci gaṇheyyā’’ti samāpattito vuṭṭhitassa therassa dānaṃ dātukāmā sakkassa anārocetvā sayameva āgantvā dibbabhojanāni upanentiyo purimanayeneva therena paṭikkhittā devalokaṃ gantvā sakkena ‘‘kahaṃ gatatthā’’ti puṭṭhā tamatthaṃ ārocetvā ‘‘dinno vo therassa piṇḍapāto’’ti sakkena vutte ‘‘gaṇhituṃ na icchatī’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ kathesī’’ti? ‘‘‘Duggatānaṃ saṅgahaṃ karissāmī’ti āha, devā’’ti. ‘‘Tumhe kenākārena gatā’’ti? ‘‘Imināva, devā’’ti. Sakko ‘‘tumhādisiyo therassa piṇḍapātaṃ kiṃ dassantī’’ti? Sayaṃ dātukāmo, jarājiṇṇo khaṇḍadanto palitakeso obhaggasarīro mahallako tantavāyo hutvā, sujampi asuradhītaraṃ tathārūpimeva mahallikaṃ katvā, ekaṃ pesakāravīthiṃ māpetvā tantaṃ pasārento acchi, sujā tasaraṃ pūreti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena sakko devānamindo…pe… tasaraṃ pūretī’’ti.

Tattha tantaṃ vinātīti pasāritatantaṃ vinanto viya hoti. Tasaraṃ pūretīti tasaravaṭṭiṃ vaḍḍhentī viya. Yena sakkassa devānamindassa nivesanaṃ tenupasaṅkamīti thero nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya ‘‘duggatajanasaṅgahaṃ karissāmī’’ti nagarābhimukho gacchanto bahinagare sakkena māpitaṃ pesakāravīthiṃ paṭipajjitvā olokento addasa oluggaviluggajiṇṇasālaṃ tattha ca te jāyampatike yathāvuttarūpe tantavāyakammaṃ karonte disvā cintesi – ‘‘ime mahallakakālepi kammaṃ karonti. Imasmiṃ nagare imehi duggatatarā natthi maññe. Imehi dinnaṃ sākamattampi gahetvā imesaṃ saṅgahaṃ karissāmī’’ti. So tesaṃ gehābhimukho agamāsi. Sakko taṃ āgacchantaṃ disvā sujaṃ āha – ‘‘bhadde, mayhaṃ ayyo ito āgacchati, taṃ tvaṃ apassantī viya tuṇhī hutvā nisīda. Khaṇeneva vañcetvā piṇḍapātaṃ dassāmā’’ti thero gantvā gehadvāre aṭṭhāsi. Tepi apassantā viya attano kammameva karontā thokaṃ āgamayiṃsu. Atha sakko ‘‘gehadvāre ṭhito eko thero viya khāyati, upadhārehi tāvā’’ti āha. ‘‘Tumhe gantvā upadhāretha, sāmī’’ti. So gehā nikkhamitvā theraṃ pañcapatiṭṭhitena vanditvā ubhohi hatthehi jaṇṇukāni olumbitvā nitthunanto uṭṭhāya ‘‘kataratthero nu kho ayyo’’ti thokaṃ osakkitvā ‘‘akkhīni me dhūmāyantī’’ti vatvā nalāṭe hatthaṃ ṭhapetvā uddhaṃ ulloketvā ‘‘aho dukkhaṃ ayyo no mahākassapattherova cirassaṃ me kuṭidvāraṃ āgato. Atthi nu kho kiñci gehe’’ti āha. Sujā thokaṃ ākulā viya hutvā ‘‘atthi, sāmī’’ti paṭivacanaṃ adāsi. Sakko, ‘‘bhante, lūkhaṃ vā paṇītaṃ vāti acintetvā saṅgahaṃ no karothā’’ti pattaṃ gaṇhi. Thero pattaṃ dento ‘‘imesaṃ eva duggatānaṃ jarājiṇṇānaṃ mayā saṅgaho kātabbo’’ti cintesi. So anto pavisitvā ghaṭiodanaṃ nāma ghaṭito uddharitvā, pattaṃ pūretvā, therassa hatthe ṭhapesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘addasā kho sakko devānamindo…pe… adāsī’’ti.

Tattha ghaṭiyāti bhattaghaṭito. ‘‘Ghaṭiodana’’ntipi pāṭho, tassa ghaṭiodanaṃ nāma devānaṃ koci āhāravisesoti atthaṃ vadanti. Uddharitvāti kutoci bhājanato uddharitvā. Anekasūpo so eva āhāro patte pakkhipitvā therassa hatthe ṭhapanakāle kapaṇānaṃ upakappanakalūkhāhāro viya paññāyittha, hatthe ṭhapitamatte pana attano dibbasabhāveneva aṭṭhāsi. Anekasūpoti muggamāsādisūpehi ceva khajjavikatīhi ca anekavidhasūpo. Anekabyañjanoti nānāvidhauttaribhaṅgo. Anekarasabyañjanoti anekehi sūpehi ceva byañjanehi ca madhurādimūlarasānañceva sambhinnarasānañca abhibyañjako, nānaggarasasūpabyañjanoti attho.

So kira piṇḍapāto therassa hatthe ṭhapitakāle rājagahanagaraṃ attano dibbagandhena ajjhotthari, tato thero cintesi – ‘‘ayaṃ puriso appesakkho, piṇḍapāto ativiya paṇīto sakkassa bhojanasadiso. Ko nu kho eso’’ti? Atha naṃ ‘‘sakko’’ti ñatvā āha – ‘‘bhāriyaṃ te, kosiya, kammaṃ kataṃ duggatānaṃ sampattiṃ vilumpantena, ajja mayhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kocideva duggato senāpatiṭṭhānaṃ vā seṭṭhiṭṭhānaṃ vā labheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Ko mayā duggatataro atthi, bhante’’ti? ‘‘Kathaṃ tvaṃ duggato devarajjasiriṃ anubhavanto’’ti? ‘‘Bhante, evaṃ nāmetaṃ, mayā pana anuppanne buddhe kalyāṇakammaṃ kataṃ, buddhuppāde pana vattamāne puññakammaṃ katvā cūḷarathadevaputto mahārathadevaputto anekavaṇṇadevaputtoti ime tayo devaputtā mamāsannaṭṭhāne nibbattā mahātejavantatarā. Ahaṃ tesu devaputtesu ‘nakkhattaṃ kīḷissāmā’ti paricārikāyo gahetvā antaravīthiṃ otiṇṇesu palāyitvā gehaṃ pavisāmi. Tesañhi sarīrato tejo mama sarīraṃ ottharati, mama sarīrato tejo tesaṃ sarīraṃ na ottharati. Ko mayā duggatataro, bhante’’ti? ‘‘Evaṃ santepi ito paṭṭhāya mayhaṃ mā evaṃ vañcetvā dānamadāsī’’ti. ‘‘Vañcetvā tumhākaṃ dāne dinne mayhaṃ kusalaṃ atthi natthī’’ti? ‘‘Atthi, āvuso’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ sante kusalakaraṇaṃ nāma mayhaṃ bhāro, bhante’’ti vatvā theraṃ vanditvā sujaṃ ādāya theraṃ padakkhiṇaṃ katvā, vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ‘‘aho dānaṃ paramadānaṃ, kassape suppatiṭṭhita’’nti tikkhattuṃ udānaṃ udānesi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atha kho āyasmato mahākassapassa etadahosī’’tiādi.

Tattha kosiyāti sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gottena ālapati. Puññena atthoti puññena payojanaṃ. Atthīti vacanaseso. Vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvāti pathavito vehāsaṃ abhiuggantvā. Ākāse antalikkheti ākāsameva pariyāyasaddena antalikkheti vadanti. Atha vā antalikkhasaṅkhāte ākāse na kasiṇugghāṭimādiākāseti visesento vadati. Aho dānanti ettha ahoti acchariyatthe nipāto. Sakko hi devānamindo, ‘‘yasmā nirodhā vuṭṭhitassa ayyassa mahākassapattherassa sakkaccaṃ sahatthena cittīkatvā anapaviddhaṃ kālena paresaṃ anupahacca, sammādiṭṭhiṃ purakkhatvā idamīdisaṃ mayā dibbabhojanadānaṃ dinnaṃ, tasmā khettasampatti deyyadhammasampatti cittasampattīti, tividhāyapi sampattiyā samannāgatattā sabbaṅgasampannaṃ vata mayā dānaṃ pavattita’’nti acchariyabbhutacittajāto tadā attano hadayabbhantaragataṃ pītisomanassaṃ samuggiranto ‘‘aho dāna’’nti vatvā tassa dānassa vuttanayena uttamadānabhāvaṃ khettaṅgatabhāvañca pakāsento ‘‘paramadānaṃ kassape suppatiṭṭhita’’nti udānaṃ udānesi.

Evaṃ pana sakkassa udānentassa bhagavā vihāre ṭhitoyeva dibbasotena saddaṃ sutvā ‘‘passatha, bhikkhave, sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ udānaṃ udānetvā ākāsena gacchanta’’nti bhikkhūnaṃ vatvā tehi ‘‘kiṃ pana, bhante, tena kata’’nti puṭṭho ‘‘mama puttassa kassapassa vañcetvā dānaṃ adāsi, tena ca attamano udānesī’’ti āha. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘assosi kho bhagavā dibbāya sotadhātuyā’’tiādi.

Tattha dibbāya sotadhātuyāti dibbasadisattā dibbā. Devatānañhi sucaritakammanibbattā pittasemharuhirādīhi apalibuddhā upakkilesavinimuttatāya dūrepi ārammaṇaṃ gahetuṃ samatthā dibbapasādasotadhātu hoti. Ayañcāpi bhagavato vīriyabhāvanābalanibbattā ñāṇamayā sotadhātu tādisā evāti dibbasadisattā dibbā. Api ca dibbavihāravasena paṭiladdhattā attanā ca dibbavihārasannissitattāpi dibbā. Savanaṭṭhena ca sabhāvadhāraṇaṭṭhena ca sotadhātu, sotadhātuyāpi kiccakaraṇena sotadhātu viyāti sotadhātu, tāya dibbāya sotadhātuyā. Visuddhāyāti parisuddhāya nirupakkilesāya. Atikkantamānusikāyāti manussūpacāraṃ atikkamitvā saddassavanena mānusikamaṃsasotadhātuṃ atikkamitvā ṭhitāya.

Etamatthaṃ viditvāti ‘‘sammāpaṭipattiyā guṇavisese patiṭṭhitaṃ purisātisayaṃ devāpi manussāpi ādarajātā ativiya pihayantī’’ti imamatthaṃ viditvā tadatthadīpanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tatra piṇḍapātikaṅgasaṅkhātaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ samādāya tassa paripūraṇena piṇḍapātikassa. Nanu cāyaṃ gāthā āyasmantaṃ mahākassapaṃ nimittaṃ katvā bhāsitā, thero ca sabbesaṃ dhutavādānaṃ aggo terasadhutaṅgadharo, so kasmā ekeneva dhutaṅgena kittitoti? Aṭṭhuppattivasenāyaṃ niddeso. Atha vā desanāmattametaṃ, iminā desanāsīsena sabbepissa dhutaṅgā vuttāti veditabbā. Atha vā ‘‘yathāpi bhamaro puppha’’nti (dha. pa. 49) gāthāya vuttanayena paramappicchatāya kulānuddayatāya cassa sabbaṃ piṇḍapātikavattaṃ akkhaṇḍetvā tattha sātisayaṃ paṭipattiyā pakāsanatthaṃ ‘‘piṇḍapātikassā’’ti vuttaṃ. Piṇḍapātikassāti ca pihayantīti padaṃ apekkhitvā sampadānavacanaṃ, taṃ upayogatthe daṭṭhabbaṃ. Attabharassāti ‘‘appāni ca tāni sulabhāni anavajjānī’’ti (a. ni. 4.27; itivu. 101) evaṃ vuttehi appānavajjasulabharūpehi catūhi paccayehi attānameva bharantassa. Anaññaposinoti āmisasaṅgaṇhanena aññe sissādike posetuṃ anussukkatāya anaññaposino. Padadvayenassa kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena vicaraṇato sallahukavuttitaṃ subharataṃ paramañca santuṭṭhiṃ dasseti. Atha vā attabharassāti ekavacanicchāya attabhāvasaṅkhātaṃ ekaṃyeva imaṃ attānaṃ bharati, na ito paraṃ aññanti attabharo, tato eva attanā aññassa posetabbassa abhāvato anaññaposī, tassa attabharassa anaññaposino. Padadvayenapi khīṇāsavabhāvena āyatiṃ anādānataṃ dasseti.

Devāpihayanti…pe… satīmatoti taṃ aggaphalādhigamena sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhānaṃ vūpasamena paṭippassaddhiyā upasantaṃ, sativepullappattiyā niccakālaṃ satokāritāya satimantaṃ, tato eva iṭṭhāniṭṭhādīsu tādilakkhaṇappattaṃ khīṇāsavaṃ sakkādayo devā pihayanti patthenti, tassa sīlādiguṇavisesesu bahumānaṃ uppādentā ādaraṃ janenti, pageva manussāti.

Sattamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Piṇḍapātikasuttavaṇṇanā

28. Aṭṭhame pacchābhattanti ekāsanikakhalupacchābhattikānaṃ pātova bhuttānaṃ antomajjhanhikopi pacchābhattameva, idha pana pakatibhattasseva pacchato pacchābhattanti veditabbaṃ. Piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānanti piṇḍapātato paṭikkantānaṃ, piṇḍapātaṃ pariyesitvā bhattakiccassa niṭṭhāpanavasena tato nivattānaṃ. Karerimaṇḍalamāḷeti ettha karerīti varuṇarukkhassa nāmaṃ. So kira gandhakuṭiyā maṇḍapassa sālāya ca antare hoti, tena gandhakuṭīpi ‘‘karerikuṭikā’’ti vuccati, maṇḍapopi sālāpi ‘‘karerimaṇḍalamāḷo’’ti. Tasmā karerirukkhassa avidūre kate nisīdanasālasaṅkhāte maṇḍalamāḷe. Tiṇapaṇṇacchadanaṃ anovassakaṃ ‘‘maṇḍalamāḷo’’ti vadanti, atimuttakādilatāmaṇḍapo ‘‘maṇḍalamāḷo’’ti apare.

Kālena kālanti kāle kāle antarantarā, tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samayeti attho. Manāpiketi manavaḍḍhake, piyarūpe iṭṭheti attho. Iṭṭhāniṭṭhabhāvo ca puggalavasena ca dvāravasena ca gahetabbo. Ekaccassa hi iṭṭhābhimato ekaccassa aniṭṭho hoti, ekaccassa aniṭṭhābhimato ekaccassa iṭṭho . Tathā ekassa dvārassa iṭṭho aññassa aniṭṭho. Vipākavasena panettha vinicchayo veditabbo. Kusalavipāko hi ekantena iṭṭho, akusalavipāko aniṭṭho evāti. Cakkhunā rūpe passitunti gāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭho upāsakehi gehaṃ pavesetvā pūjāsakkārakaraṇatthaṃ upanītesu āsanavitānādīsu nānāvirāgasamujjalavaṇṇasaṅkhāte rajanīye aññe ca saviññāṇakarūpe cakkhudvārikaviññāṇehi passituṃ. Saddeti tatheva issarajanānaṃ gehaṃ paviṭṭho tesaṃ payutte gītavāditasadde sotuṃ. Gandheti tathā tehi pūjāsakkāravasena upanīte pupphadhūmādigandhe ghāyituṃ. Raseti tehi dinnāhāraparibhoge nānaggarase sāyituṃ. Phoṭṭhabbeti mahagghapaccattharaṇesu āsanesu nisinnakāle sukhasamphasse phoṭṭhabbe phusituṃ. Evañca pañcadvārikaiṭṭhārammaṇappaṭilābhaṃ kittetvā idāni manodvārikaiṭṭhārammaṇappaṭilābhaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘sakkato’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva.

Kiṃ pana apiṇḍapātikānaṃ ayaṃ nayo na labbhatīti? Labbhati. Tesampi hi nimantanasalākabhattādiatthaṃ gāmaṃ gatakāle uḷāravibhavā upāsakā tathā sakkārasammānaṃ karontiyeva, taṃ pana aniyataṃ. Piṇḍapātikānaṃ pana tadā niccameva tattha pūjāsakkāraṃ kariyamānaṃ disvā, sakkāragarutāya anissaraṇamagge ṭhatvā, ayonisomanasikāravasena te bhikkhū evamāhaṃsu. Tenevāha – ‘‘handāvuso, mayampi piṇḍapātikā homā’’tiādi.

Tattha handāti vossaggatthe nipāto. Lacchāmāti labhissāma. Tenupasaṅkamīti tattha surabhigandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinno tesaṃ taṃ kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā ‘‘ime bhikkhū mādisassa nāma buddhassa sāsane pabbajitvā mayā saddhiṃ ekavihāre vasantāpi evaṃ ayonisomanasikāravasena kathaṃ pavattenti, sallekhe na vattanti, handa te tato nivāretvā sallekhavihāre niyojessāmī’’ti maṇḍalamāḷaṃ upasaṅkami. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva.

Etamatthaṃ viditvāti ‘‘appicchatāsantuṭṭhitāsallekhānaṃ vasena kilese dhunituṃ taṇhaṃ visosetuṃ paṭipannoti piṇḍapātikassa sato devā pihayanti, tassa paṭipattiyā ādarajātā piyāyanti, na ito aññathā’’ti imamatthaṃ viditvā tadatthadīpanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha no ce saddasilokanissitoti ‘‘aho ayyo appiccho santuṭṭho paramasallekhavuttī’’tiādinā parehi kittitabbasaddasaṅkhātaṃ silokaṃ. Taṇhāya nissito na hoti ceti attho. Saddo vā sammukhā vaṇṇabhaṇanathutighoso, siloko parammukhabhūtā pasaṃsā patthaṭayasatā vā. Sesaṃ anantarasutte vuttanayameva.

Aṭṭhamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Sippasuttavaṇṇanā

29. Navame ko nu kho, āvuso, sippaṃ jānātīti, āvuso, amhesu idha sannipatitesu ko nu jīvitanimittaṃ sikkhitabbaṭṭhena ‘‘sippa’’nti laddhanāmaṃ yaṃkiñci ājīvaṃ vijānāti? Ko kiṃ sippaṃ sikkhīti ko dīgharattaṃ sippācariyakulaṃ payirupāsitvā āgamato payogato ca hatthisippādīsu kiṃ sippaṃ sikkhi? Kataraṃ sippaṃ sippānaṃ agganti sabbasippānaṃ agārayhatāya mahapphalatāya akicchasiddhiyā ca kataraṃ sippaṃ aggaṃ uttamaṃ? Yaṃ nissāya sukhena sakkā jīvitunti adhippāyo. Tatthekacceti tesu bhikkhūsu ekacce bhikkhū. Ye hatthācariyakulā pabbajitā te. Evamāhaṃsūti te evaṃ bhaṇiṃsu. Ito parampi ‘‘ekacce’’ti vuttaṭṭhāne eseva nayo. Hatthisippanti yaṃ hatthīnaṃ pariggaṇhanadamanasāraṇarogatikicchādibhedaṃ kattabbaṃ, taṃ uddissa pavattaṃ sabbampi sippaṃ idha ‘‘hatthisippa’’nti adhippetaṃ. Assasippanti etthāpi eseva nayo. Rathasippaṃ pana rathayoggānaṃ damanasāraṇādividhānavasena ceva rathassa karaṇavasena ca veditabbaṃ. Dhanusippanti issāsasippaṃ, yo dhanubbedhoti vuccati. Tharusippanti sesaāvudhasippaṃ. Muddāsippanti hatthamuddāya gaṇanasippaṃ. Gaṇanasippanti acchiddakagaṇanasippaṃ. Saṅkhānasippanti saṅkalanapaṭuppādanādivasena piṇḍagaṇanasippaṃ. Taṃ yassa paguṇaṃ hoti, so rukkhampi disvā ‘‘ettakāni ettha paṇṇānī’’ti gaṇituṃ jānāti. Lekhāsippanti nānākārehi akkharalikhanasippaṃ, lipiñāṇaṃ vā. Kāveyyasippanti attano cintāvasena vā parato paṭiladdhasutavasena vā, ‘‘imassa ayamattho, evaṃ naṃ yojessāmī’’ti evaṃ atthavasena vā, kiñcideva kabbaṃ disvā, ‘‘tappaṭibhāgaṃ kabbaṃ karissāmī’’ti ṭhānuppattikapaṭibhānavasena vā cintākaviādīnaṃ catunnaṃ kavīnaṃ kabbakaraṇasippaṃ. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Cattārome, bhikkhave, kavī – cintākavi, sutakavi, atthakavi, paṭibhānakavī’’ti (a. ni. 4.231).

Lokāyatasippanti ‘‘kāko seto aṭṭhīnaṃ setattā, balākā rattā lohitassa rattattā’’ti evamādinayappavattaṃ paralokanibbānānaṃ paṭisedhakaṃ vitaṇḍasatthasippaṃ. Khattavijjāsippanti abbheyyamāsurakkhādinītisatthasippaṃ. Imāni kira dvādasa mahāsippāni nāma. Tenevāha tattha tattha ‘‘sippānaṃ agga’’nti.

Etamatthaṃviditvāti etaṃ sabbasippāyatanānaṃ jīvikatthatāya vaṭṭadukkhato anissaraṇabhāvaṃ , sīlādīnaṃyeva pana suparisuddhānaṃ nissaraṇabhāvaṃ, taṃ samaṅginoyeva ca bhikkhubhāvaṃ sabbākārato viditvā tadatthavibhāvanaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha asippajīvīti catunnaṃ taṇhuppādānaṃ samucchedavikkhambhanena paccayāsāya visositattā yaṃkiñci sippaṃ upanissāya jīvikaṃ na kappetīti asippajīvī, etena ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ dasseti. Lahūti appakiccatāya sallahukavuttitāya ca lahu abahulasambhāro, etena catupaccayasantosasiddhaṃ subharataṃ dasseti. Atthakāmoti sadevakassa lokassa atthameva kāmetīti atthakāmo, etena sattānaṃ anatthaparivajjanassa pakāsitattā pātimokkhasaṃvarasīlaṃ dasseti pāṇātipātādianatthaviramaṇaparidīpanato. Yatindriyoti cakkhādīnaṃ channaṃ indriyānaṃ abhijjhādyappavattito saṃyamena yatindriyo, etena indriyasaṃvarasīlaṃ vuttaṃ. Sabbadhi vippamuttoti evaṃ suparisuddhasīlo catupaccayasantose avaṭṭhito sappaccayaṃ nāmarūpaṃ pariggahetvā aniccādivasena saṅkhāre sammasanto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā tato paraṃ paṭipāṭiyā pavattitehi catūhi ariyamaggehi saṃyojanānaṃ pahīnattā sabbadhi sabbattha bhavādīsu vippamutto.

Anokasārīamamo nirāsoti tathā sabbadhi vippamuttattā eva okasaṅkhātesu chasupi āyatanesu taṇhābhisaraṇassa abhāvena anokasārī, rūpādīsu katthaci mamaṅkārābhāvato amamo, sabbena sabbaṃ anāsīsanato nirāso. Hitvā mānaṃ ekacaro sa bhikkhūti evaṃbhūto ca so arahattamaggappattisamakālameva anavasesaṃ mānaṃ hitvā pajahitvā ime bhikkhū viya gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ akatvā pavivekakāmatāya taṇhāsahāyavirahena ca sabbiriyāpathesu ekacaro, so sabbaso bhinnakilesattā paramatthato bhikkhu nāma. Ettha ca ‘‘asippajīvī’’tiādinā lokiyaguṇā kathitā, ‘‘sabbadhi vippamutto’’tiādinā lokuttaraguṇā kathitā. Tattha asippajīvītiādi ‘‘vibhave ṭhitasseva ayaṃ dhammo, na sippaṃ nissāya micchājīvena jīvikaṃ kappentassa, tasmā sippesu sāraggahaṇaṃ vissajjetvā adhisīlādīsuyeva tumhehi sikkhitabba’’nti dasseti.

Navamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Lokasuttavaṇṇanā

30. Dasame buddhacakkhunāti ettha āsayānusayañāṇaṃ indriyaparopariyattañāṇañca buddhacakkhu nāma. Yathāha –

‘‘Addasā kho bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento satte apparajakkhe mahārajakkhe tikkhindriye mudindriye’’tiādi (ma. ni. 1.283; 2.339).

Lokanti tayo lokā – okāsaloko, saṅkhāraloko, sattalokoti. Tattha –

‘‘Yāvatā candimasūriyā pariharanti,

Disā bhanti virocanā;

Tāva sahassadhā loko,

Ettha te vattatī vaso’’ti. –

Ādīsu (ma. ni. 1.503) okāsaloko. ‘‘Eko loko – sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā, dve lokā – nāmañca rūpañca, tayo lokā – tisso vedanā , cattāro lokā – cattāro āhārā, pañca lokā – pañcupādānakkhandhā, cha lokā – cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, satta lokā – satta viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo, aṭṭha lokā – aṭṭha lokadhammā, nava lokā – nava sattāvāsā, dasa lokā – dasāyatanāni, dvādasa lokā – dvādasāyatanāni, aṭṭhārasa lokā – aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo’’tiādīsu (paṭi. ma. 1.112) saṅkhāraloko. ‘‘Sassato loko, asassato loko’’tiādīsu sattaloko vutto. Idhāpi sattaloko veditabbo.

Tattha lokīyati vicittākārato dissatīti cakkavāḷasaṅkhāto loko okāsaloko, saṅkhāro lujjati palujjatīti loko, lokīyati ettha puññapāpaṃ tabbipāko cāti sattaloko. Tesu bhagavā mahākaruṇāya anukampamāno saṃsāradukkhato mocetukāmo sattalokaṃ olokesi. Katamassa pana sattāhassa accayena olokesi? Paṭhamassa sattāhassa. Bhagavā hi pallaṅkasattāhassa pariyosāne pacchimayāmāvasāne ‘‘yadā have pātubhavanti dhammā…pe… sūriyova obhāsayamantalikkha’’nti (udā. 1-3; kathā. 321; mahāva. 1-3) imaṃ ariyamaggānubhāvadīpakaṃ udānaṃ udānetvā, ‘‘ahaṃ tāva evaṃ suduttaraṃ saṃsāramahoghaṃ imāya dhammanāvāya samuttaritvā nibbānapāre ṭhito, handa dāni lokampi tāressāmi, kīdiso nu kho loko’’ti lokaṃ volokesi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ – ‘‘atha kho bhagavātassa sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokesī’’ti.

Tattha volokesīti vividhehi ākārehi passi, hatthatale ṭhapitaāmalakaṃ viya attano ñāṇena paccakkhaṃ akāsi. Anekehi santāpehītiādi volokitākāradassanaṃ. Anekehi santāpehīti anekehi dukkhehi. Dukkhañhi santāpanapīḷanaṭṭhena santāpoti vuccati. Yathāha – ‘‘dukkhassa pīḷanaṭṭho saṅkhataṭṭho santāpaṭṭho vipariṇāmaṭṭho’’ti (paṭi. ma. 1.17). Tañca dukkhadukkhādivasena ceva jātiādivasena ca anekappakāraṃ. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘anekehi santāpehī’’ti. Anekehi dukkhehi santappamāne pīḷiyamāne bādhiyamāne. Pariḷāhehīti paridāhehi. Pariḍayhamāneti indhanaṃ viya agginā samantato ḍayhamāne. Rāgajehīti rāgasambhūtehi . Esa nayo sesesupi. Rāgādayo hi yasmiṃ santāne uppajjanti, taṃ niddahantā viya vibādhenti, tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tayome, bhikkhave, aggī – rāgaggi, dosaggi, mohaggī’’ti (itivu. 93). Yato te cittaṃ kāyañca kilesentīti kilesāti vuccanti. Ettha ca pariḍayhamāneti etena bhagavā rāgādikilesānaṃ pavattidukkhataṃ, tena ca sattānaṃ abhibhūtataṃ dasseti. Santappamāneti iminā pana tesaṃ kālantaradukkhataṃ, tena nirantaropaddavatañca dasseti.

Bhagavā hi bodhirukkhamūle aparājitapallaṅke nisinno paṭhamayāme pubbenivāsaṃ anussaritvā majjhimayāme dibbacakkhuṃ visodhetvā pacchimayāme paṭiccasamuppāde ñāṇaṃ otāretvā kilesamūlakaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ abhiññāya saṅkhāre pariggahetvā sammasanto anukkamena vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā ariyamaggādhigamena sayaṃ vigataviddhastakileso abhisambuddho hutvā paccavekkhaṇānantaraṃ anavasesānaṃ kilesānaṃ pahīnattā attano vaṭṭadukkhassa parikkhīṇabhāvadīpakaṃ sabbabuddhānaṃ avijahitaṃ ‘‘anekajātisaṃsāra’’nti (dha. pa. 153) udānaṃ udānetvā teneva pallaṅkena sattāhaṃ vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī nisinno sattamāya rattiyā tīsu yāmesu vuttanayena tīṇi udānāni udānetvā tatiyaudānānantaraṃ buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento ‘‘sakalamidaṃ sattānaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ kilesamūlakaṃ, kilesā nāmete pavattidukkhā āyatimpi dukkhahetubhūtā, tehi ime sattā santappanti pariḍayhanti cā’’ti passi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘addasā kho bhagavā…pe… mohajehipī’’ti.

Etamatthaṃviditvāti etaṃ lokassa yathāvuttasantāpapariḷāhehi abhibhuyyamānataṃ sabbākārato viditvā. Imaṃ udānanti imaṃ sabbasantāpapariḷāhato parinibbānavibhāvanaṃ mahāudānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha ayaṃ loko santāpajātoti ayaṃ sabbopi loko jarārogamaraṇehi ceva nānāvidhabyasanehi ca kilesapariyuṭṭhānehi ca jātasantāpo, uppannakāyikacetasikadukkhābhibhavoti attho. Phassaparetoti tato eva anekehi dukkhasamphassehi parihato upadduto. Atha vā phassaparetoti sukhādisaṅkhātānaṃ tissannaṃ dukkhatānaṃ paccayabhūtehi chahi phassehi abhibhūto, tato tato dvārato tasmiṃ tasmiṃ ārammaṇe pavattivasena upassaṭṭho. Rogaṃ vadati attatoti phassapaccayā uppajjamānaṃ vedanāsaṅkhātaṃ rogaṃ dukkhaṃ, khandhapañcakameva vā yathābhūtaṃ ajānanto ‘‘aha’’nti saññāya diṭṭhigāhavasena ‘‘ahaṃ sukhito dukkhito’’ti attato vadati. ‘‘Attano’’tipi paṭhanti. Tassattho – yvāyaṃ loko kenaci dukkhadhammena phuṭṭho abhāvitattatāya adhivāsetuṃ asakkonto ‘‘aho dukkhaṃ, īdisaṃ dukkhaṃ mayhaṃ attanopi mā hotū’’tiādinā vippalapanto kevalaṃ attano rogaṃ vadati, tassa pana pahānāya na paṭipajjatīti adhippāyo. Atha vā taṃ yathāvuttaṃ dukkhaṃ yathābhūtaṃ ajānanto taṇhāgāhavasena ‘‘mama’’nti saññāya attato vadati, ‘‘mama ida’’nti vācaṃ nicchāreti.

Yena yena hi maññatīti evamimaṃ rogabhūtaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ attato attano vā vadanto loko yena yena rūpavedanādinā kāraṇabhūtena, yena vā sassatādinā pakārena diṭṭhimānataṇhāmaññanāhi maññati. Tato taṃ hoti aññathāti tato attanā parikappitākārato taṃ maññanāya vatthubhūtaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ aññathā anattānattaniyameva hoti. Vase vattetuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya ahaṅkāramamaṅkārattaṃ na nipphādetīti attho. Atha vā tatoti tasmā maññanāmattabhāvato taṃ khandhapañcakaṃ niccādivasena maññitaṃ aññathā aniccādisabhāvameva hoti. Na hi maññanā bhāvaññathattaṃ vā lakkhaṇaññathattaṃ vā kātuṃ sakkoti.

Aññathābhāvī bhavasattoti asambhave vaḍḍhiyaṃ hitasukhe satto laggo sattaloko maññanāya yathāruci cintiyamānopi viparītappaṭipattiyā tato aññathābhāvī ahitadukkhabhāvī vighātaṃyeva pāpuṇāti. Bhavamevābhinandatīti evaṃ santepi taṃ maññanāparikappitaṃ avijjamānaṃ bhavaṃ vaḍḍhiṃ abhinandati eva abhikaṅkhati eva. Atha vā aññathābhāvīti ‘‘nicco me attā’’tiādinā maññanāya parikappitākārato sayaṃ aññathābhāvī samāno anicco adhuvoti attho. Bhavasattoti kāmādibhavesu bhavataṇhāya satto laggo gadhito. Bhavamevābhinandatīti aniccādisabhāvaṃ bhavameva niccādivasena parāmasitvā, tattha vā adhimuttisaññaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhābhinandanāhi abhinandati, na tattha nibbindati . Yadabhinandati taṃ bhayanti yaṃ vaḍḍhisaṅkhātaṃ bhavaṃ kāmādibhavaṃ vā abhinandati, taṃ aniccādivipariṇāmasabhāvattā anekabyasanānubandhattā ca bhavahetubhāvato ativiya bhayānakaṭṭhena bhayaṃ. Yassa bhāyatīti yato jarāmaraṇādito bhāyati, taṃ jarāmaraṇādi dukkhādhiṭṭhānabhāvato dukkhadukkhabhāvato ca dukkhaṃ. Atha vā yassa bhāyatīti bhavābhinandanena yassa vibhavassa bhāyati , so ucchedasaṅkhāto vibhavo, tato bhāyanañca dukkhavatthubhāvato jātiādidukkhassa anativattanato ca dukkhaṃ dukkhasabhāvamevāti attho. Atha vā yassa bhāyati taṃ dukkhanti yassa aniccādikassa bhāyati taṃ nissaraṇaṃ ajānanto, taṃ bhayaṃ tassa dukkhaṃ hoti, dukkhaṃ āvahatīti attho.

Ettakena vaṭṭaṃ dassetvā idāni vivaṭṭaṃ dassetuṃ, ‘‘bhavavippahānāya kho panidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ vussatī’’ti āha. Tattha bhavavippahānāyāti kāmādibhavassa pajahanatthāya. Khoti avadhāraṇe, panāti padapūraṇe nipāto. Idanti āsannapaccakkhavacanaṃ. Brahmacariyanti maggabrahmacariyaṃ. Vussatīti pūressati. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – ekanteneva kāmādibhavassa samudayappahānena anavasesapajahanatthāya idaṃ mayā satasahassakappādhikāni cattāri asaṅkhyeyyāni atidukkarāni ācaritvā pāramiyo pūretvā bodhimaṇḍe tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā adhigataṃ sīlādikkhandhattayasaṅgahaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikamaggabrahmacariyaṃ cariyati bhāviyatīti.

Evaṃ ariyamaggassa ekaṃseneva niyyānikabhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni aññamaggassa tadabhāvaṃ dassento ‘‘ye hi kecī’’tiādimāha. Tattha yeti aniyamaniddeso. ti nipātamattaṃ. Kecīti ekacce. Padadvayenāpi tathāvādino diṭṭhigatike aniyamato pariyādiyati. Samaṇāti pabbajjūpagamanamattena samaṇā, na samitapāpā. Brāhmaṇāti jātimattena brāhmaṇā, na bāhitapāpā. saddo vikappattho. Bhavena bhavassa vippamokkhamāhaṃsūti ekacce kāmabhavena rūpabhavena vā sabbabhavato vimuttiṃ saṃsārasuddhiṃ kathayiṃsu.

Ke panevaṃ vadantīti? Diṭṭhadhammanibbānavādino tesu hi keci ‘‘uḷārehi pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito attā diṭṭheva dhamme paramaṃ nibbutiṃ patto hotī’’ti vadanti. Keci ‘‘rūpāvacarajjhānesu paṭhamajjhānasamaṅgī…pe… keci ‘‘dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānasamaṅgī attā diṭṭheva dhamme paramaṃ nibbutiṃ patto hotī’’ti vadanti. Yathāha –

‘‘Idha , bhikkhave, ekacco samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃvādī hoti evaṃdiṭṭhi ‘yato kho bho ayaṃ attā pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappito’’’ti (dī. ni. 1.94) vitthāro.

Te pana yasmā yāvadatthaṃ pītattā suhitāya jalūkāya viya ruhirapipāsā kāmādisukhehi samappitassa tassa attano kāmesanādayo na bhavissanti, tadabhāve ca bhavassa abhāvoyeva, yasmiṃ yasmiñca bhave ṭhitassa ayaṃ nayo labbhati, tena tena bhavena sabbabhavato vimutti hotīti vadanti, tasmā ‘‘bhavena bhavassa vippamokkhamāhaṃsū’’ti vuttā. Yesañca ‘‘ettakaṃ nāma kālaṃ saṃsaritvā bālā ca paṇḍitā ca pariyosānabhave ṭhatvā saṃsārato vimuccantī’’ti laddhi, tepi bhavena bhavassa vippamokkhaṃ vadanti nāma. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Cullāsīti mahākappino satasahassāni yāni bāle ca paṇḍite ca sandhāvitvā saṃsaritvā dukkhassantaṃ karissantī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.168).

Atha vā bhavenāti bhavadiṭṭhiyā. Bhavati sassataṃ tiṭṭhatīti pavattanato sassatadiṭṭhi bhavadiṭṭhīti vuccati, bhavadiṭṭhi evettha uttarapadalopena bhavataṇhātiādīsu viya bhavoti vutto. Bhavadiṭṭhivasena ca ekacce bhavavisesaṃyeva kilesānaṃ vūpasantavuttiyā āyuno ca dīghāvāsatāya niccādisabhāvaṃ bhavavimokkhaṃ maññanti, seyyathāpi bako brahmā ‘‘idaṃ niccaṃ, idaṃ dhuvaṃ, idaṃ sassataṃ, idaṃ avipariṇāmadhamma’’nti (ma. ni. 1.501) avoca. Tesamevaṃ viparītagāhīnaṃ anissaraṇe nissaraṇadiṭṭhīnaṃ kuto bhavavimokkho. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘sabbe te ‘avippamuttā bhavasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti.

Vibhavenāti ucchedena. Bhavassa nissaraṇamāhaṃsūti sabbabhavato niggamanaṃ nikkhantiṃ saṃsārasuddhiṃ vadiṃsu. Te hi ‘‘bhavena bhavassa vippamokkho’’ti vadantānaṃ vādaṃ ananujānantā bhavūpacchedena nissaraṇaṃ paṭijāniṃsu. Vibhavenāti vā ucchedadiṭṭhiyā. Vibhavati vinassati ucchijjati attā ca loko cāti pavattanato ucchedadiṭṭhi vuttanayena ‘‘vibhavo’’ti vuccati. Ucchedadiṭṭhivasena hi sattā adhimuccitvā tattha tattha uppannā ucchijjanti, sā eva saṃsārasuddhīti ucchedavādino. Vuttañhetaṃ –

‘‘Yato kho bho ayaṃ attā rūpī cātumahābhūtiko…pe… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ettāvatā kho bho ayaṃ attā sammā samucchinno hotī’’ti (dī. ni. 1.85).

Tathā –

‘‘Natthi, mahārāja, dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ natthi hutaṃ…pe… bāle ca paṇḍite ca kāyassa bhedā ucchijjanti vinassanti na honti paraṃ maraṇā’’ti ca (dī. ni. 1.171).

Tesampi evaṃ viparītagāhīnaṃ kuto bhavanissaraṇaṃ. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘sabbe te ‘anissaṭā bhavasmā’ti vadāmī’’ti. Na hi ariyamaggabhāvanāya anavasesakilesaṃ asamugghātetvā kadācipi bhavato nissaraṇavimutti sambhavati. Tathā hi tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ yathābhūtāvabodhābhāvato ‘‘atthi natthī’’ti antadvayanipatitānaṃ taṇhādiṭṭhivasena samparitasitavipphanditamattaṃ, yato te diṭṭhigatikā pavattihetūsupi sammūḷhā sakkāyabhūmiyaṃ sunikhāte viparītadassanathambhe taṇhābandhanena baddhā gaddūlabandhanā viya sā na vijahanti bandhanaṭṭhānaṃ, kuto nesaṃ vimokkho?

Ye pana catusaccavibhāvanena pavattiādīsu asammohato taṃ antadvayaṃ anupagamma majjhimaṃ paṭipadaṃ samāruḷhā, tesaṃyeva bhavavippamokkho nissaraṇañcāti dassento satthā ‘‘upadhiṃ hī’’tiādimāha. Tattha upadhinti khandhādiupadhiṃ. ti nipātamattaṃ. Paṭiccāti nissāya, paccayaṃ katvā. Dukkhanti jātiādi dukkhaṃ. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yatthime diṭṭhigatikā vimokkhasaññino, tattha khandhakilesābhisaṅkhārūpadhayo adhigatā, kuto tattha dukkhanissaraṇaṃ? Yatra hi kilesā, tatrābhisaṅkhārasambhavato bhavapabandhassa avicchedoyevāti vaṭṭadukkhassa anivatti. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘upadhiñhi paṭicca dukkhamidaṃ sambhotī’’ti.

Idāni yaṃ paramatthato dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ, ‘‘sabbupādānakkhayā natthi dukkhassa sambhavo’’ti vuttaṃ. Tattha sabbupādānakkhayāti kāmupādānaṃ diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlabbatupādānaṃ attavādupādānanti sabbesaṃ imesaṃ catunnampi upādānānaṃ ariyamaggādhigamena anavasesappahānato. Tattha diṭṭhupādānaṃ sīlabbatupādānaṃ attavādupādānanti imāni tīṇi upādānāni sotāpattimaggena khīyanti, anuppattidhammataṃ āpajjanti. Kāmupādānaṃ apāyagamanīyaṃ paṭhamena, kāmarāgabhūtaṃ bahalaṃ dutiyena, sukhumaṃ tatiyena, rūparāgārūparāgappahānaṃ catutthenāti catūhipi maggehi khīyati, anuppattidhammataṃ āpajjatīti veditabbaṃ. Natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti evaṃ sabbaso upādānakkhayā tadekaṭṭhatāya sabbassapi kilesagaṇassa anuppādanato appamattakassapi vaṭṭadukkhassa sambhavo pātubhāvo natthi.

Evaṃ bhagavā hetunā saddhiṃ pavattiṃ nivattiñca dassetvā ‘‘imaṃ nayaṃ ajānanto ayaṃ sattaloko vaṭṭatopi sīsaṃ na ukkhipatī’’ti dassento ‘‘lokamimaṃ passā’’tiādimāha. Tattha lokamimaṃ passāti attano buddhacakkhunā paccakkhato visayabhāvassa upagatattā ‘‘lokamimaṃ passā’’ti bhagavādassanakiriyāya niyojento attānamevālapati. Puthūti bahū, visuṃ visuṃ vā. Avijjāya paretāti ‘‘dukkhe aññāṇa’’ntiādinā (dha. sa. 1106; vibha. 226) nayena vuttāya catusaccapaṭicchādikāya avijjāya abhibhūtā. Bhūtāti kammakilesehi jātā nibbattā. Bhūtaratāti bhūtesu mātāpituputtadārādisaññāya aññasattesu taṇhāya ratā, bhūte vā khandhapañcake aniccāsubhadukkhānattasabhāve taṃsabhāvānavabodhato itthipurisādiparikappavasena niccādivasena attattaniyagāhavasena ca abhiratā. Bhavā aparimuttāti yathāvuttena taṇhādiṭṭhigāhena bhavato saṃsārato na parimuttā.

Ettha ca ‘‘lokamima’’nti paṭhamaṃ tāva sakalampi sattanikāyaṃ sāmaññato ekattaṃ upanento ekavacanena anodhiso gahaṇaṃ dīpetvā ‘‘svāyaṃ loko bhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsādivasena ceva tatthāpi taṃtaṃsattanikāyādivasena ca anekabhedabhinno paccekaṃ mayā volokito’’ti attano buddhacakkhuñāṇānubhāvaṃ pakāsento satthā puna vacanabhedaṃ katvā bahuvacanena odhiso gahaṇaṃ dīpeti ‘‘puthū avijjāya paretā bhūtā’’tiādinā. Evañca katvā ‘‘lokamima’’nti upayogavacanaṃ katvā ‘‘avijjāya paretā’’tiādinā paccattabahuvacananiddesopi aviruddho hoti bhinnavākyattā. Keci pana ekavākyatādhippāyena ‘‘avijjāya paretaṃ bhūtaṃ bhūtarataṃ bhavā aparimutta’’nti paṭhanti, vibhattibhedavaseneva pana purāṇapāṭho.

Idāni yena upāyena bhavavippamokkho hoti, taṃ sabbaṃ titthiyānaṃ avisayabhūtaṃ buddhagocaraṃ vipassanāvīthiṃ dassento ‘‘ye hi kecī’’tiādimāha. Tattha ye hi keci bhavāti kāmabhavādi saññībhavādi ekavokārabhavādivibhāgena nānābhedabhinnā sātavanto vā asātavanto vā dīghāyukā vā ittarakkhaṇā vā ye hi keci bhavā. Sabbadhīti uddhaṃ adho tiriyanti ādivibhāgena sabbattha. Sabbatthatāyāti saggāpāyamanussādivibhāgena. Sabbe tetiādīsu sabbepi te bhavā rūpavedanādidhammā hutvā abhāvaṭṭhena aniccā, udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā dukkhā, jarāya maraṇena cāti dvidhā vipariṇāmetabbatāya vipariṇāmadhammā. Itisaddo ādiattho pakārattho vā, tena anattalakkhaṇampi saṅgahetvā avasavattanaṭṭhena anattā, vipariṇāmadhammatāya vā avasavattanaṭṭhena anattāti vuttā.

Evaṃ lakkhaṇattayapaṭivijjhanākārena etaṃ bhavasaṅkhātaṃ khandhapañcakaṃ yathābhūtaṃ aviparītaṃ sammappaññāya sammā ñāyena vipassanāsahitāya maggapaññāya passato pariññābhisamayādivasena paṭivijjhato ‘‘bhavo nicco’’ti ādinayappavattā bhavesu taṇhā pahīyati, aggamaggappattisamakālameva anavasesaṃ nirujjhati, ucchedadiṭṭhiyā sabbaso pahīnattā vibhavaṃ vicchedaṃ nābhinandati na pattheti. Evaṃbhūtassa tassa yā kāmataṇhādivasena aṭṭhasatabhedā avatthādivibhāgena anantabhedā ca, tāsaṃ sabbaso sabbappakārena taṇhānaṃ khayā pahānā, tadekaṭṭhatāya sabbassapi saṃkilesapakkhassa asesaṃ nissesaṃ virāgena ariyamaggena yo anuppādanirodho, taṃ nibbānanti.

Evaṃ taṇhāya pahānamukhena saupādisesanibbānaṃ dassetvā idāni anupādisesanibbānaṃ dassento ‘‘tassa nibbutassā’’tiādimāha. Tassattho – yo so sabbaso taṇhānaṃ khayā kilesaparinibbānena nibbuto vuttanayena bhinnakileso khīṇāsavabhikkhu, tassa nibbutassa bhikkhuno anupādā upādānābhāvato kilesābhisaṅkhāramārānaṃ vā aggahaṇato punabbhavo na hoti, āyatiṃ paṭisandhivasena upapattibhavo natthi. Evaṃbhūtena ca tena abhibhūto māro, ariyamaggakkhaṇe kilesamāro abhisaṅkhāramāro devaputtamāro ca carimakacittakkhaṇe khandhamāro maccumāro cāti pañcavidho māro abhibhūto parājito, puna sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ appadānena nibbisevano kato, yato tena vijito saṅgāmo mārehi tattha tattha pavattito. Evaṃ vijitasaṅgāmo pana iṭṭhādīsu sabbesu vikārābhāvena tādilakkhaṇappattiyā tādī arahā sabbabhavāni yathāvuttabhede sabbepi bhave upaccagā samatikkanto, na yattha katthaci saṅkhaṃ upeti, aññadatthu anupādāno viya jātavedo parinibbānato uddhaṃ apaññattikova hotīti. Iti bhagavā imaṃ mahāudānaṃ anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā kūṭaṃ gahetvā niṭṭhapesi.

Dasamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Niṭṭhitā ca nandavaggavaṇṇanā.

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