‘‘Nibbute lokanāthamhi, atthadassīnaruttame;

Upaṭṭhahiṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ, vippasannena cetasā.

‘‘Nimantetvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ, ujubhūtaṃ samāhitaṃ;

Ucchunā maṇḍapaṃ katvā, bhojesiṃ saṅghamuttamaṃ.

‘‘Yaṃ yaṃ yonupapajjāmi, devattaṃ athamānusaṃ;

Sabbe satte abhibhomi, puññakammassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Aṭṭhārase kappasate, yaṃ dānamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, ucchudānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Paṭisambhidā catasso…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Avasesaṃ bhayaṃ hoti, vedhanti vilapanti ca.

‘‘Tassa te natthi bhītattaṃ, bhiyyo vaṇṇo pasīdati;

Kasmā na paridevesi, evarūpe mahabbhaye’’ti. – dve gāthā abhāsi;

Tassa teti yo tvaṃ amhehi devatāya balikammatthaṃ jīvitā voropetukāmehi ukkhittāsikehi santajjito, tassa te. Bhītattanti bhītabhāvo, bhayanti attho. Bhiyyo vaṇṇo pasīdatīti pakativaṇṇato uparipi te mukhavaṇṇo vippasīdati. Therassa kira tadā ‘‘sace ime māressanti, idānevāhaṃ anupādāya parinibbāyissāmi, dukkhabhāro vigacchissatī’’ti uḷāraṃ pītisomanassaṃ uppajji. Evarūpe mahabbhayeti edise mahati maraṇabhaye upaṭṭhite. Hetuatthe vā etaṃ bhummavacanaṃ.

Idāni thero coragāmaṇissa paṭivacanadānamukhena dhammaṃ desento –

‘‘Natthi cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ, anapekkhassa gāmaṇi;

Atikkantā bhayā sabbe, khīṇasaṃyojanassa ve.

‘‘Khīṇāya bhavanettiyā, diṭṭhe dhamme yathātathe;

Na bhayaṃ maraṇe hoti, bhāranikkhepane yathā.

‘‘Suciṇṇaṃ brahmacariyaṃ me, maggo cāpi subhāvito;

Maraṇe me bhayaṃ natthi, rogānamiva saṅkhaye.

Nirassādā bhavā diṭṭhā, visaṃ pitvāva chaḍḍitaṃ.

‘‘Pāragū anupādāno, katakicco anāsavo;

Tuṭṭho āyukkhayā hoti, mutto āghātanā yathā.

‘‘Uttamaṃ dhammataṃ patto, sabbaloke anatthiko;

Ādittāva gharā mutto, maraṇasmiṃ na socati.

‘‘Yadatthi saṅgataṃ kiñci, bhavo vā yattha labbhati;

Sabbaṃ anissaraṃ etaṃ, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā.

‘‘Yo taṃ tathā pajānāti, yathā buddhena desitaṃ;

Na gaṇhāti bhavaṃ kiñci, sutattaṃva ayoguḷaṃ.

‘‘Na me hoti ‘ahosi’nti, ‘bhavissa’nti na hoti me;

Saṅkhārā vigamissanti, tattha kā paridevanā.

‘‘Suddhaṃ dhammasamuppādaṃ, suddhaṃ saṅkhārasantatiṃ;

Passantassa yathābhūtaṃ, na bhayaṃ hoti gāmaṇi.

‘‘Tiṇakaṭṭhasamaṃ lokaṃ, yadā paññāya passati;

Mamattaṃ so asaṃvindaṃ, ‘natthi me’ti na socati.

‘‘Ukkaṇṭhāmi sarīrena, bhavenamhi anatthiko;

Soyaṃ bhijjissati kāyo, añño ca na bhavissati.

Na me tappaccayā tattha, doso pemañca hehitī’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

‘‘Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, abbhutaṃ lomahaṃsanaṃ;

Satthāni nikkhipitvāna, māṇavā etadabravu’’nti. –

Ayaṃ saṅgītikārehi vuttagāthā. Ito aparā tisso corānaṃ, therassa ca vacanapaṭivacanagāthā –

Kassa sāsanamāgamma, labbhate taṃ asokatā.

‘‘Sabbaññū sabbadassāvī, jino ācariyo mama;

Mahākāruṇiko satthā, sabbalokatikicchako.

Tassa sāsanamāgamma, labbhate taṃ asokatā.

‘‘Sutvāna corā isino subhāsitaṃ, nikkhippa satthāni ca āvudhāni ca;

Tamhā ca kammā viramiṃsu eke, eke ca pabbajjamarocayiṃsu.

‘‘Te pabbajitvā sugatassa sāsane, bhāvetva bojjhaṅgabalāni paṇḍitā;

Udaggacittā sumanā katindriyā, phusiṃsu nibbānapadaṃ asaṅkhata’’nti. –

Imāpi saṅgītikārehi vuttagāthā.

Tattha natthi cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ, anapekkhassa, gāmaṇīti gāmaṇi, apekkhāya, taṇhāya, abhāvena anapekkhassa mādisassa, lohitasabhāvo pubbo viya, cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ natthi, domanassābhāvāpadesena bhayābhāvaṃ vadati. Tenāha ‘‘atikkantā bhayā sabbe’’ti. Atikkantā bhayā sabbeti khīṇasaṃyojanassa arahato pañcavīsati mahābhayā, aññe ca sabbepi bhayā ekaṃsena atikkantā atītā, apagatāti attho.

Diṭṭhe dhamme yathātatheti catusaccadhamme pariññāpahānasacchikiriyabhāvanāvasena maggapaññāya yathābhūtaṃ diṭṭhe. Maraṇeti maraṇahetu. Bhāranikkhepane yathāti yathā koci puriso sīse ṭhitena mahatā garubhārena saṃsīdanto tassa nikkhepane, apanayane na bhāyati, evaṃ sampadamidanti attho. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

Bhārādānaṃ dukhaṃ loke, bhāranikkhepanaṃ sukha’’nti. (saṃ. ni. 3.22);

Suciṇṇanti suṭṭhu caritaṃ. Brahmacariyanti, sikkhattayasaṅgahaṃ sāsanabrahmacariyaṃ. Tato eva maggo cāpi subhāvito aṭṭhaṅgiko ariyamaggopi sammadeva bhāvito. Rogānamiva saṅkhayeti yathā bahūhi rogehi abhibhūtassa āturassa rogānaṃ saṅkhaye pītisomanassameva hoti, evaṃ khandharogasaṅkhaye maraṇe mādisassa bhayaṃ natthi.

Nirassādā bhavā diṭṭhāti tīhi dukkhatāhi abhibhūtā, ekādasahi aggīhi ādittā, tayo bhavā nirassādā, assādarahitā, mayā diṭṭhā. Visaṃ pitvāva chaḍḍitanti pamādavasena visaṃ pivitvā tādisena payogena chaḍḍitaṃ viya maraṇe me bhayaṃ natthīti attho.

Uttamanti seṭṭhaṃ. Dhammatanti, dhammasabhāvaṃ. Arahatte siddhe sijjhanahetu iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvaṃ. Sabbaloketi sabbalokasmimpi, dīghāyukasukhabahulatādivasena saṃyuttepi loke. Anatthikoti, anapekkho. Ādittāva gharā muttoti yathā koci puriso samantato ādittato pajjalitato gehato nissaṭo, tato nissaraṇanimittaṃ na socati, evaṃ khīṇāsavo maraṇanimittaṃ na socati.

Suddhanti kevalaṃ, attasārena asammissaṃ. Dhammasamuppādanti paccayapaccayuppannadhammasamuppattiṃ avijjādipaccayehi saṅkhārādidhammamattappavattiṃ. Saṅkhārasantatinti kilesakammavipākappabhedasaṅkhārapabandhaṃ. Passantassa yathābhūtanti saha vipassanāya maggapaññāya yāthāvato jānantassa.

Tiṇakaṭṭhasamaṃ lokanti yathā araññe apariggahe tiṇakaṭṭhe kenaci gayhamāne aparassa ‘‘mayhaṃ santakaṃ ayaṃ gaṇhatī’’ti na hoti, evaṃ so asāmikatāya tiṇakaṭṭhasamaṃ saṅkhāralokaṃ yadā paññāya passati, so tattha mamattaṃ asaṃvindaṃ asaṃvindanto alabhanto akaronto. Natthi meti ‘‘ahu vata sohaṃ, taṃ me natthī’’ti na socati.

Tassāti adhimuttattherassa. Taṃ vacananti ‘‘natthi cetasikaṃ dukkha’’ntiādikaṃ maraṇe bhayābhāvādidīpakaṃ, tato eva abbhutaṃ lomahaṃsanaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā. Māṇavāti corā. Corā hi ‘‘māṇavā’’ti vuccanti ‘‘māṇavehi saha gacchanti katakammehi akatakammehipī’’tiādīsu (ma. ni. 2.149) viya.

Adhimuttattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Pārāpariyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Samaṇassa ahu cintā, pārāpariyassa bhikkhuno;

Ekakassa nisinnassa, pavivittassa jhāyino.

Attano kiccakārīssa, na ca kañci viheṭhaye.

‘‘Indriyāni manussānaṃ, hitāya ahitāya ca;

Arakkhitāni ahitāya, rakkhitāni hitāya ca.

‘‘Indriyāneva sārakkhaṃ, indriyāni ca gopayaṃ;

Attano kiccakārīssa, na ca kañci viheṭhaye.

‘‘Cakkhundriyaṃ ce rūpesu, gacchantaṃ anivārayaṃ;

Anādīnavadassāvī, so dukkhā na hi muccati.

Anādīnavadassāvī, so dukkhā na hi muccati.

‘‘Anissaraṇadassāvī, gandhe ce paṭisevati;

Na so muccati dukkhamhā, gandhesu adhimucchito.

‘‘Ambilaṃ madhuraggañca, tittakaggamanussaraṃ;

Rasataṇhāya gadhito, hadayaṃ nāvabujjhati.

Ratto rāgādhikaraṇaṃ, vividhaṃ vindate dukhaṃ.

‘‘Manaṃ cetehi dhammehi, yo na sakkoti rakkhituṃ;

Tato naṃ dukkhamanveti, sabbehetehi pañcahi.

‘‘Pubbalohitasampuṇṇaṃ, bahussa kuṇapassa ca;

Naravīrakataṃ vagguṃ, samuggamiva cittitaṃ.

‘‘Kaṭukaṃ madhurassādaṃ, piyanibandhanaṃ dukhaṃ;

Khuraṃva madhunā littaṃ, ullihaṃ nāvabujjhati.

‘‘Itthirūpe itthisare, phoṭṭhabbepi ca itthiyā;

Itthigandhesu sāratto, vividhaṃ vindate dukhaṃ.

‘‘Itthisotāni sabbāni, sandanti pañca pañcasu;

Tesamāvaraṇaṃ kātuṃ, yo sakkoti vīriyavā.

‘‘So atthavā so dhammaṭṭho, so dakkho so vicakkhaṇo;

Kareyya ramamānopi, kiccaṃ dhammatthasaṃhitaṃ.

‘‘Atho sīdati saññuttaṃ, vajje kiccaṃ niratthakaṃ;

Na taṃ kiccanti maññitvā, appamatto vicakkhaṇo.

‘‘Yañca atthena saññuttaṃ, yā ca dhammagatā rati;

Taṃ samādāya vattetha, sā hi ve uttamā rati.

‘‘Uccāvacehupāyehi, paresamabhijigīsati;

Hantvā vadhitvā atha socayitvā, ālopati sāhasā yo paresaṃ.

Indriyānindriyeheva, nihanti kusalo tathā.

Pañca pañcahi hantvāna, anīgho yāti brāhmaṇo.

Sabbena sabbaṃ buddhassa, so naro sukhamedhatī’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha samaṇassāti pabbajitassa. Ahūti ahosi. Cintāti dhammacintā dhammavicāraṇā. Pārāpariyassāti pārāparagottassa. ‘‘Pārācariyassā’’tipi paṭhanti. Bhikkhunoti saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhanasīlassa. Ekakassāti asahāyassa, etena kāyavivekaṃ dasseti. Pavivittassāti pavivekahetunā kilesānaṃ vikkhambhanena vivekaṃ āraddhassa, etena cittavivekaṃ dasseti. Tenāha ‘‘jhāyino’’ti. Jhāyinoti jhāyanasīlassa, yonisomanasikāresu yuttassāti attho. Sabbametaṃ thero attānaṃ paraṃ viya katvā vadati.

‘‘Kimānupubba’’ntiādinā taṃ cintanaṃ dasseti. Tattha paṭhamagāthāyaṃ tāva kimānupubbanti anupubbaṃ anukkamo, anupubbameva vakkhamānesu vatasamācāresu ko anukkamo, kena anukkamena te paṭipajjitabbāti attho. Puriso kiṃ vataṃ kiṃ samācāranti atthakāmo puriso samādiyitabbaṭṭhena ‘‘vata’’nti laddhanāmaṃ, kīdisaṃ sīlaṃ samācāraṃ, samācaranto, attano kiccakārī kattabbakārī assa, kañci sattaṃ na ca viheṭhaye, na bādheyyāti attho. Attano kiccaṃ nāma samaṇadhammo, saṅkhepato sīlasamādhipaññā, taṃ sampādentassa paraviheṭhanāya lesopi natthi tāya sati samaṇabhāvasseva abhāvato.

Subhānīti sundarāni. Appaṭikūlānīti manoramāni, iṭṭhāni. Phoṭṭhabbānīti upādiṇṇānupādiṇṇappabhede phasse. Rattoti rajjanasabhāvena rāgena ratto. Rāgādhikaraṇanti rāgahetu. Vividhaṃ vindate dukhanti rāgapariḷāhādivasena diṭṭhadhammikañca nirayasantāpādivasena abhisamparāyañca nānappakāraṃ dukkhaṃ paṭilabhati.

Itthisotāni sabbānīti itthiyā rūpādiārammaṇāni sabbāni anavasesāni pañca taṇhāsotāni sandanti. Pañcasūti purisassa pañcasu dvāresu. Tesanti tesaṃ pañcannaṃ sotānaṃ. Āvaraṇanti saṃvaraṇaṃ, yathā asaṃvaro na uppajjati, evaṃ satisampajaññaṃ paccupaṭṭhapetvā saṃvaraṃ pavattetuṃ yo sakkoti, so vīriyavā āraddhavīriyo akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāyāti attho.

Atho sīdati saññuttanti yadi idhaloke supasaṃhitaṃ diṭṭhadhammikaṃ atthaṃ pariggahetvā ṭhitaṃ. Vajje kiccaṃ niratthakanti samparāyikattharahitaṃ anatthupasaṃhitaṃ kiccaṃ sacepi vissajjeyya pariccajeyya. Na taṃ kiccanti maññitvā, appamatto vicakkhaṇoti satiavippavāsena appamatto vicāraṇapaññāsambhavena vicakkhaṇo anatthupasaṃhitaṃ, taṃ kiccaṃ mayā na kātabbanti maññitvā vivajjeyya.

Yaṃ pana kāmaratisaṃyuttaṃ kiccaṃ niratthakanti vuttaṃ, tassā anatthupasaṃhitabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘uccāvacehī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha uccāvacehīti mahantehi ceva khuddakehi ca. Upāyehīti nayehi. Paresamabhijigīsatīti paresaṃ santakaṃ āharituṃ icchati, pare vā sabbathā hāpeti, jināpeti paraṃ hantvā, vadhitvā atha socayitvā, ālopati sāhasā yo paresaṃ. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yo puggalo kāmahetu pare hananto, ghātento, socento sandhicchedasandhiruhanapasayhāvahārādīhi nānupāyehi paresaṃ santakaṃ harituṃ vāyamanto sāhasākāraṃ karoti, ālopati, jigīsati sāpateyyavasena pare hāpeti, tassa taṃ kiccaṃ kāmaratisannissitaṃ anatthupasaṃhitaṃ ekantanihīnanti. Etena tappaṭipakkhato dhammagatāya ratiyā ekaṃsato uttamabhāvaṃyeva vibhāveti.

Katamehi panāti āha ‘‘saddha’’ntiādi. Tassattho – adhimokkhalakkhaṇaṃ saddhaṃ, paggahalakkhaṇaṃ vīriyaṃ, avikkhepalakkhaṇaṃ samādhiṃ, upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇaṃ satiṃ, dassanalakkhaṇaṃ paññanti imānipi vimuttiparipācakāni pañcindriyāni bhāvento vaḍḍhento etehi pañcahi indriyehi cakkhādīni pañcindriyāni anunayapaṭighādikilesuppattiyā dvārabhāvavihanena hantvā, ariyamaggena tadupanissaye kilese samucchinditvā, tato eva anīgho niddukkho brāhmaṇo anupādisesaparinibbānameva yāti upagacchatīti.

So atthavāti so yathāvutto brāhmaṇo uttamatthena samannāgatattā atthavā, taṃ sampāpake dhamme ṭhitattā dhammaṭṭho. Sabbena sabbaṃ anavasesena vidhinā anavasesaṃ buddhassa bhagavato vākyabhūtaṃ anusāsaniṃ katvā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjitvā ṭhito. Tato eva so naro uttamapuriso nibbānasukhañca edhati, brūheti, vaḍḍhetīti.

Pārāpariyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Telakānittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Cirarattaṃ vatātāpī, dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ;

Samaṃ cittassa nālatthaṃ, pucchaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇe.

‘‘Ko so pāraṅgato loke, ko patto amatogadhaṃ;

Kassa dhammaṃ paṭicchāmi, paramatthavijānanaṃ.

‘‘Antovaṅkagato āsi, macchova ghasamāmisaṃ;

Baddho mahindapāsena, vepacityasuro yathā.

‘‘Añchāmi naṃ na muñcāmi, asmā sokapariddavā;

Ko me bandhaṃ muñcaṃ loke, sambodhiṃ vedayissati.

‘‘Samaṇaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ vā kaṃ, ādisantaṃ pabhaṅgunaṃ;

Kassa dhammaṃ paṭicchāmi, jarāmaccupavāhanaṃ.

‘‘Vicikicchākaṅkhāganthitaṃ, sārambhabalasaññutaṃ;

Kodhappattamanatthaddhaṃ, abhijappappadāraṇaṃ.

‘‘Taṇhādhanusamuṭṭhānaṃ, dve ca pannarasāyutaṃ;

Passa orasikaṃ bāḷhaṃ, bhetvāna yadi tiṭṭhati.

Tena viddho pavedhāmi, pattaṃva māluteritaṃ.

‘‘Ajjhattaṃ me samuṭṭhāya, khippaṃ paccati māmakaṃ;

Chaphassāyatanī kāyo, yattha sarati sabbadā.

Nānārajjena satthena, nāññena vicikicchitaṃ.

‘‘Ko me asattho avaṇo, sallamabbhantarapassayaṃ;

Ahiṃsaṃ sabbagattāni, sallaṃ me uddharissati.

Gambhīre patitassa me, thalaṃ pāṇiñca dassaye.

‘‘Rahadehamasmi ogāḷho, ahāriyarajamattike;

Māyāusūyasārambha, thinamiddhamapatthaṭe.

‘‘Uddhaccameghathanitaṃ, saṃyojanavalāhakaṃ;

Vāhā vahanti kuddiṭṭhiṃ, saṅkappā rāganissitā.

‘‘Savanti sabbadhi sotā, latā ubbhijja tiṭṭhati;

Te sote ko nivāreyya, taṃ lataṃ ko hi checchati.

‘‘Velaṃ karotha bhaddante, sotānaṃ sannivāraṇaṃ;

Mā te manomayo sotā, rukkhaṃva sahasā luve.

‘‘Evaṃ me bhayajātassa, apārā pāramesato;

Tāṇo paññāvudho satthā, isisaṅghanisevito.

‘‘Sopānaṃ sugataṃ suddhaṃ, dhammasāramayaṃ daḷhaṃ;

Pādāsi vuyhamānassa, mā bhāyīti ca mabravi.

‘‘Satipaṭṭhānapāsādaṃ, āruyha paccavekkhisaṃ;

Yaṃ taṃ pubbe amaññissaṃ, sakkāyābhirataṃ pajaṃ.

‘‘Yadā ca maggamaddakkhiṃ, nāvāya abhirūhanaṃ;

Anadhiṭṭhāya attānaṃ, titthamaddakkhimuttamaṃ.

‘‘Sallaṃ attasamuṭṭhānaṃ, bhavanettippabhāvitaṃ;

Etesaṃ appavattāya, desesi maggamuttamaṃ.

Buddho mepānudī ganthaṃ, visadosappavāhano’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Antovaṅkagato āsīti vaṅkaṃ vuccati diṭṭhigataṃ manovaṅkabhāvato, sabbepi vā kilesā, antoti pana hadayavaṅkassa anto, hadayabbhantaragatakilesavaṅko vā ahosīti attho. Macchova ghasamāmisanti āmisaṃ ghasanto khādanto maccho viya, gilabaḷiso maccho viyāti adhippāyo. Baddho mahindapāsena, vepacityasuro yathāti mahindassa sakkassa pāsena baddho yathā vepacitti asurindo aserivihārī mahādukkhappatto, evamahaṃ pubbe kilesapāsena baddho āsiṃ, aserivihārī mahādukkhappattoti adhippāyo.

Ajjhattaṃ me samuṭṭhāyāti yathā loke sallaṃ nāma bāhirato uṭṭhāya ajjhattaṃ nimmathetvā bādhati, na evamidaṃ. Idaṃ pana ajjhattaṃ me mama attabhāve samuṭṭhāya so attabhāvasaññito chaphassāyatanakāyo yathā khippaṃ sīghaṃ paccati, ḍayhati. Yathā kiṃ? Aggi viya sanissayaḍāhako taṃyeva māmakaṃ mama santakaṃ attabhāvaṃ ḍahanto yattha uppanno, tattheva sarati pavattati.

Evaṃ dasahi gāthāhi pubbe attanā cintitākāraṃ dassetvā punapi taṃ pakārantarena dassetuṃ ‘‘dhammappati hi so seṭṭho’’tiādimāha. Tattha dhammappatīti dhammanimittaṃ dhammahetu. Hīti nipātamattaṃ. So seṭṭhoti so puggalo uttamo. Visadosappavāhakoti yo mayhaṃ rāgādikilesassa pavāhako ucchinnako. Gambhīre patitassa me, thalaṃ pāṇiñca dassayeti ko nu kho atigambhīre saṃsāramahoghe patitassa mayhaṃ ‘‘mā bhāyī’’ti assāsento nibbānathalaṃ taṃsampāpakaṃ ariyamaggahatthañca dasseyya.

Evaṃ attano anuttaraṃ maggādhigamaṃ pakāsetvā idāni tassa desakaṃ sammāsambuddhaṃ thomento ‘‘sallaṃ attasamuṭṭhāna’’ntiādimāha. Tattha sallanti diṭṭhimānādikilesasallaṃ. Attasamuṭṭhānanti ‘‘aha’’nti mānaṭṭhānatāya ‘‘attā’’ti ca laddhanāme attabhāve sambhūtaṃ. Bhavanettippabhāvitanti bhavataṇhāsamuṭṭhitaṃ bhavataṇhāsannissayaṃ. Sā hi diṭṭhimānādīnaṃ sambhavo. Etesaṃ appavattāyāti yathāvuttānaṃ pāpadhammānaṃ appavattiyā anuppādāya. Desesi maggamuttamanti uttamaṃ seṭṭhaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ, tadupāyañca vipassanāmaggaṃ kathesi.

Dīgharattānusayitanti anamatagge saṃsāre cirakālaṃ santāne anu anu sayitaṃ kāraṇalābhena uppajjanārahabhāvena thāmagataṃ, tato ca cirarattaṃ adhiṭṭhitaṃ santānaṃ ajjhāruyha ṭhitaṃ. Ganthanti abhijjhākāyaganthādiṃ mama santāne ganthabhūtaṃ kilesavisadosaṃ pavāhano buddho bhagavā attano desanānubhāvena apānudī parijahāpesi, ganthesu hi anavasesato pahīnesu appahīno nāma kileso natthīti.

Telakānittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Raṭṭhapālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Varanāgo mayā dinno, īsādanto urūḷhavā.

‘‘Setacchatto pasobhito, sakappano sahatthipo;

Agghāpetvāna taṃ sabbaṃ, saṅghārāmaṃ akārayiṃ.

‘‘Catupaññāsasahassāni, pāsāde kārayiṃ ahaṃ;

Mahoghadānaṃ karitvāna, niyyādesiṃ mahesino.

Sabbe jane hāsayanto, desesi amataṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Taṃ me buddho viyākāsi, jalajuttaranāmako;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Catupaññāsasahassāni, pāsāde kārayī ayaṃ;

Kathayissāmi vipākaṃ, suṇotha mama bhāsato.

‘‘Aṭṭhārasasahassāni, kūṭāgārā bhavissare;

Byamhuttamamhi nibbattā, sabbasoṇṇamayā ca te.

‘‘Paññāsakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjaṃ karissati;

Aṭṭhapaññāsakkhattuñca, cakkavattī bhavissati.

‘‘Kappasatasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Devalokā cavitvāna, sukkamūlena codito;

Aḍḍhe kule mahābhoge, nibbattissati tāvade.

‘‘So pacchā pabbajitvāna, sukkamūlena codito;

Raṭṭhapāloti nāmena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Padhānapahitatto so, upasanto nirūpadhi;

Sabbāsave pariññāya, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Uṭṭhāya abhinikkhamma, jahitā bhogasampadā;

Kheḷapiṇḍeva bhogamhi, pemaṃ mayhaṃ na vijjati.

Dhāremi antimaṃ dehaṃ, sammāsambuddhasāsane.

‘‘Paṭisambhidā catasso, vimokkhāpi ca aṭṭhime;

Chaḷabhiññā sacchikatā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā satthāraṃ anujānāpetvā mātāpitaro passituṃ thullakoṭṭhikaṃ gantvā, tattha sapadānaṃ piṇḍāya caranto pitu nivesane ābhidosikaṃ kummāsaṃ labhitvā taṃ amataṃ viya paribhuñjanto, pitarā nimantito svātanāya adhivāsetvā, dutiyadivase pitu nivesane piṇḍapātaṃ paribhuñjitvā alaṅkatapaṭiyatte itthāgārajane upagantvā ‘‘kīdisā nāma tā, ayyaputta, accharāyo, yāsaṃ tvaṃ hetu brahmacariyaṃ carasī’’tiādīni (ma. ni. 2.301) vatvā, palobhanakammaṃ kātuṃ āraddhe tassa adhippāyaṃ parivattetvā aniccatādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ dhammaṃ kathento –

Āturaṃ bahusaṅkappaṃ, yassa natthi dhuvaṃ ṭhiti.

‘‘Passa cittakataṃ rūpaṃ, maṇinā kuṇḍalena ca;

Aṭṭhiṃ tacena onaddhaṃ, saha vatthehi sobhati.

‘‘Alattakakatā pādā, mukhaṃ cuṇṇakamakkhitaṃ;

Alaṃ bālassa mohāya, no ca pāragavesino.

‘‘Aṭṭhāpadakatā kesā, nettā añjanamakkhitā;

Alaṃ bālassa mohāya, no ca pāragavesino.

‘‘Añjanīva navā cittā, pūtikāyo alaṅkato;

Alaṃ bālassa mohāya, no ca pāragavesino.

Bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma, kandante migabandhake.

Bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma, socante migaluddake’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha cittakatanti cittaṃ kataṃ cittakataṃ, vatthābharaṇamālādīhi vicittaṃ katanti attho. Bimbanti dīghādibhāvena yuttaṭṭhānesu dīghādīhi aṅgapaccaṅgehi maṇḍitaṃ attabhāvaṃ. Arukāyanti navannaṃ vaṇamukhānaṃ lomakūpānañca vasena vissandamānaasuciṃ, sabbaso ca arubhūtaṃ vaṇabhūtaṃ arūnaṃ vā kāyaṃ. Samussitanti tīhi aṭṭhisatehi samussitaṃ. Āturanti sabbakālaṃ iriyāpathantarādīhi pariharitabbatāya niccaṃ gilānaṃ. Bahusaṅkappanti bālajanena abhūtaṃ āropetvā bahudhā saṅkappitabbaṃ. Yassa natthi dhuvaṃ ṭhitīti yassa kāyassa dhuvabhāvo ṭhitisabhāvo natthi, ekaṃsato bhedanavikiraṇaviddhaṃsanadhammoyeva. Taṃ passāti samīpe ṭhitaṃ janaṃ, attānameva vā sandhāya vadati.

Añjanīva navā cittā, pūtikāyo alaṅkatoti yathā añjanī añjananāḷikā navā abhinavā mālākammamakaradantādivasena cittā bahi maṭṭhā ujjalā dassanīyā, anto pana na dassanīyā hoti, evameva tāsaṃ kāyo nhānabbhañjanavatthālaṅkārehi alaṅkato bahi ujjalo, anto pana pūti nānappakāraasucīhi bharito tiṭṭhatīti attho.

‘‘Passāmi loke sadhane manusse, laddhāna vittaṃ na dadanti mohā;

Luddhā dhanaṃ sannicayaṃ karonti, bhiyyova kāme abhipatthayanti.

‘‘Rājā pasayhappathaviṃ vijetvā, sasāgarantaṃ mahimāvasanto;

Oraṃ samuddassa atittarūpo, pāraṃ samuddassapi patthayetha.

‘‘Rājā ca aññe ca bahū manussā, avītataṇhā maraṇaṃ upenti;

Ūnāva hutvāna jahanti dehaṃ, kāmehi lokamhi na hatthi titti.

‘‘Kandanti naṃ ñātī pakiriya kese, ‘aho vatā no amarā’ti cāhu;

Vatthena naṃ pārutaṃ nīharitvā, citaṃ samodhāya tato ḍahanti.

Na mīyamānassa bhavanti tāṇā, ñātī ca mittā atha vā sahāyā.

‘‘Dāyādakā tassa dhanaṃ haranti, satto pana gacchati yenakammaṃ;

Na mīyamānaṃ dhanamanveti kiñci, puttā ca dārā ca dhanañca raṭṭhaṃ.

Appaṃ hidaṃ jīvitamāhu dhīrā, asassataṃ vippariṇāmadhammaṃ.

Bālo hi bālyā vadhitova seti, dhīro ca no vedhati phassaphuṭṭho.

‘‘Tasmā hi paññāva dhanena seyyā, yāya vosānamidhādhigacchati;

Abyositattā hi bhavābhavesu, pāpāni kammāni karoti mohā.

‘‘Upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṃ, saṃsāramāpajja paramparāya;

Tassappapañño abhisaddahanto, upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṃ.

‘‘Coro yathā sandhimukhe gahīto, sakammunā haññati pāpadhammo;

Evaṃ pajā pecca paramhi loke, sakammunā haññati pāpadhammo.

Ādīnavaṃ kāmaguṇesu disvā, tasmā ahaṃ pabbajitomhi rāja.

‘‘Dumapphalānīva patanti māṇavā, daharā ca vuḍḍhā ca sarīrabhedā;

Etampi disvā pabbajitomhi rāja, apaṇṇakaṃ sāmaññameva seyyo.

‘‘Saddhāyāhaṃ pabbajito, upeto jinasāsane;

Avañjhā mayhaṃ pabbajjā, anaṇo bhuñjāmi bhojanaṃ.

‘‘Kāme ādittato disvā, jātarūpāni satthato;

Gabbhavokkantito dukkhaṃ, nirayesu mahabbhayaṃ.

Sohaṃ viddho tadā santo, sampatto āsavakkhayaṃ.

‘‘Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ;

Ohito garuko bhāro, bhavanetti samūhatā.

‘‘Yassatthāya pabbajito, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;

So me attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo’’ti. – imā gāthā avoca;

Tattha passāmi loketi ahaṃ, mahārāja, imasmiṃ loke sadhane dhanasampanne aḍḍhe manusse passāmi, te pana laddhāna vittaṃ dhanaṃ labhitvā bhogasampattiyaṃ ṭhitā samaṇabrāhmaṇādīsu kassaci kiñcipi na dadanti. Kasmā? Mohā kammassakatāpaññāya abhāvato. Luddhā lobhābhibhūtā yathāladdhaṃ dhanaṃ sannicayaṃ sabbaso nicetabbaṃ nidhetabbaṃ karonti. Bhiyyova yathādhigatakāmato upari kāme kāmaguṇe ‘‘tathāhaṃ edise ca bhoge paṭilabheyya’’nti abhipatthayanti paccāsīsanti tajjañca vāyāmaṃ karonti.

Avītataṇhāti avigatataṇhā. Ūnāvāti aparipuṇṇamanorathāva. Kāmehi lokamhi na hatthi tittīti taṇhāvipannānaṃ imasmiṃ loke vatthukāmehi titti nāma natthi.

Kandanti nanti matapurisaṃ uddissa tassa guṇe kittentā kandanaṃ karonti. Aho vatā no amarāti cāhūti aho vata amhākaṃ ñātī amarā siyunti ca kathenti, gāthāsukhatthañhettha vatā-iti dīghaṃ katvā vuttaṃ.

So ḍayhati sūlehi tujjamānoti so matasatto chavaḍāhakehi sammā jhāpetuṃ sūlehi tujjamāno. Tāṇāti parittāṇakarā.

Yenakammanti yathākammaṃ. Dhananti dhanāyitabbaṃ yaṃkiñci vatthu. Puna dhananti hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ sandhāya vadati.

Upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṃ, saṃsāramāpajja paramparāyāti yo pāpāni katvā aparāparaṃ saṃsaraṇamāpajjitvā upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṃ gabbhaseyyāya paralokuppattiyā ca na muccati, tassa pāpakammakārino puggalassa kiriyaṃ abhisaddahanto ‘‘attā ca me hotī’’ti pattiyāyanto aññopi appapañño bālo yathā paṭipajjitvā upeti gabbhañca parañca lokaṃ, na tato parimuccati.

Coro yathāti yathā coro pāpadhammo gharasandhiṃ chindanto sandhimukhe ārakkhakapurisehi gahito sakammunā tena attano sandhicchedakammunā kāraṇabhūtena kasādīhi tāḷanādivasena haññati rājapurisehi bādhiyyati bajjhati ca. Evaṃ pajāti evamayaṃ sattaloko idha pāpāni karitvā pecca patvā tena kammunā paramhi loke nirayādīsu haññati, pañcavidhabandhanakammakāraṇādivasena bādhiyyati.

Kāme ādittato disvāti vatthukāme kilesakāme ca ekādasahi aggīhi ādittabhāvato disvā. Jātarūpāni satthatoti katākatappabhedā sabbasuvaṇṇavikatiyo anatthāvahatāya nisitasatthato. Gabbhavokkantito dukkhanti gabbhavokkantito paṭṭhāya sabbasaṃsārapavattidukkhaṃ. Nirayesu mahabbhayanti saussadesu aṭṭhasu mahānirayesu labbhamānaṃ mahābhayañca sabbattha disvāti yojanā.

Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvāti etaṃ kāmānaṃ ādittatādiṃ saṃsāre ādīnavaṃ dosaṃ ñatvā. Saṃvegaṃ alabhiṃ tadāti tasmiṃ satthu santike dhammassa sutakāle bhavādike saṃvegaṃ alatthaṃ. Viddho tadā santoti tasmiṃ gahaṭṭhakāle rāgasallādīhi viddho samāno idāni satthu sāsanaṃ āgamma sampatto āsavakkhayaṃ, viddho vā cattāri saccāni, paṭividdhoti attho. Sesaṃ antarantarādīsu vuttattā suviññeyyameva.

Evaṃ thero rañño korabyassa dhammaṃ desetvā satthu santikameva gato. Satthā ca aparabhāge ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno theraṃ saddhāpabbajitānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesīti.

Raṭṭhapālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Rūpaṃ disvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā rūpasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Saddaṃ sutvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā gandhasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Rasaṃ bhotvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā rasasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā phassasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Dhammaṃ ñatvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā dhammasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati rūpesu, rūpaṃ disvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati saddesu, saddaṃ sutvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Yathāssa suṇato saddaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati gandhesu, gandhaṃ ghatvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Yathāssa ghāyato gandhaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati rasesu, rasaṃ bhotvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

‘‘Yathāssa sāyato rasaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati phassesu, phassaṃ phussa paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

‘‘Na so rajjati dhammesu, dhammaṃ ñatvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccatī’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha rūpaṃ disvāti cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ cakkhudvārena upalabhitvā. Sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karototi tasmiṃ rūpe diṭṭhamatte eva aṭṭhatvā subhanimittaṃ manasi karoto subhākāraggahaṇavasena ayoniso manasi karoto sati muṭṭhā hoti. Tathā ca sati sārattacitto vedeti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ ratto, giddho, gadhito hutvā anubhavati, assādeti, abhinandati. Tathābhūto ca tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhatīti tañca rūpārammaṇaṃ ajjhosāya ‘‘sukhaṃ sukha’’nti abhinivissa gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpetvā tiṭṭhati.

Yathāssa passato rūpanti assa yogino yathā tattha abhijjhādayo nappavattanti, evaṃ aniccādito rūpaṃ passantassa. Sevato cāpi vedananti taṃ ārabbha uppannaṃ vedanaṃ taṃsampayuttadhamme ca gocarasevanāya sevato cāpi. Khīyatīti sabbaṃ kilesavaṭṭaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gacchati. Nopacīyatīti na upaciyati na ācayaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ so caratī satoti evaṃ kilesāpanayanapaṭipattiyā sato sampajāno hutvā carati, viharati. Evaṃ apacinato dukkhanti vuttanayena apacayagāminiyā maggapaññāya sakalaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ apacinantassa. Santike nibbāna vuccatīti saupādisesaanupādisesanibbānadhātusamīpe evāti vuccati asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā sacchikatattā. Na so rajjati saddesūtiādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.

Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Selattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Paripuṇṇakāyo suruci, sujāto cārudassano;

Suvaṇṇavaṇṇosi bhagavā, susukkadāṭhosi vīriyavā.

Sabbe te tava kāyasmiṃ, mahāpurisalakkhaṇā.

‘‘Pasannanetto sumukho, brahā uju patāpavā;

Majjhe samaṇasaṅghassa, ādiccova virocasi.

‘‘Kalyāṇadassano bhikkhu, kañcanasannibhattaco;

Kiṃ te samaṇabhāvena, evaṃ uttamavaṇṇino.

‘‘Rājā arahasi bhavituṃ, cakkavattī rathesabho;

Cāturanto vijitāvī, jambusaṇḍassa issaro.

Rājābhirājā manujindo, rajjaṃ kārehi gotamā’’ti. –

Chahi gāthāhi bhagavantaṃ abhitthavi.

Tattha paripuṇṇakāyoti abhibyattarūpānaṃ dvattiṃsāya mahāpurisalakkhaṇānaṃ paripuṇṇatāya ahīnaṅgapaccaṅgatāya ca paripuṇṇasarīro. Surucīti sundarasarīrappabho. Sujātoti ārohapariṇāhasampattiyā, saṇṭhānasampattiyā ca sunibbatto. Cārudassanoti sucirampi passantānaṃ atittijanakaṃ appaṭikkūlaṃ ramaṇīyaṃ cāru eva dassanaṃ assāti cārudassano. Keci panāhu ‘‘cārudassanoti sundaranetto’’ti. Suvaṇṇavaṇṇoti suvaṇṇasadisavaṇṇo. Asīti bhavasi, idaṃ padaṃ ‘‘paripuṇṇakāyo asī’’tiādinā sabbapadehi yojetabbaṃ. Susukkadāṭhoti suṭṭhu sukkadāṭho. Bhagavato hi dāṭhāhi candakiraṇā viya dhavalarasmiyo niccharanti. Vīriyavāti vīriyapāramīpāripūriyā caturaṅgasamannāgatavīriyādhiṭṭhānato catubbidhassa sammappadhānassa sampattiyā ca atisayayutto.

Mahāpurisalakkhaṇāti pubbe vuttabyañjanāneva vacanantarena nigamento āha.

Idāni tesu lakkhaṇesu attanā abhirucitehi lakkhaṇehi bhagavantaṃ thomento ‘‘pasannanetto’’tiādimāha. Bhagavā hi pañca vaṇṇapasādasampattiyā pasannanetto. Paripuṇṇacandamaṇḍalasadisamukhatāya sumukho. Ārohapariṇāhasampattiyā brahā. Brahmujugattatāya uju. Jutimantatāya patāpavā.

Dassanīyarūpatāya aṅgīgatānaṃ dassanasampattīnaṃ āvahanato, kalyāṇehi pañcahi dassanehi samannāgatattā ca kalyāṇadassano. Uttamavaṇṇinoti uttamavaṇṇasampannassa.

Cakkavattīti cakkaratanaṃ vatteti, catūhi sampatticakkehi vatteti, tehi ca pare vatteti. Parahitāya iriyāpathacakkānaṃ vatto etasmiṃ atthīti cakkavattī. Atha vā catūhi acchariyadhammehi ca saṅgahavatthūhi ca samannāgamena parehi anabhibhavanīyassa āṇācakkassa vatto etasmiṃ atthītipi cakkavattī. Rathesabhoti rathikesu ājānīyausabhapuriso, mahārathikoti attho. Cāturantoti catusamuddantāya pathaviyā issaro. Vijitāvīti vijitavijayo. Jambusaṇḍassāti jambudīpassa, pākaṭena hi issariyāni dassento evamāha. Cakkavattī pana saparittadīpānaṃ catunnampi mahādīpānaṃ issarova.

Evaṃ selena vutte bhagavā ‘‘ye te bhavanti arahanto sammāsambuddhā, te sake vaṇṇe bhaññamāne attānaṃ pātukarontī’’ti imaṃ selassa manorathaṃ pūrento –

‘‘Rājāhamasmi sela, (selāti bhagavā) dhammarājā anuttaro;

Dhammena cakkaṃ vattemi, cakkaṃ appaṭivattiya’’nti. – imaṃ gāthamāha;

Evaṃ attānamāvikarontaṃ bhagavantaṃ disvā pītisomanassajāto selo puna daḷhīkaraṇatthaṃ –

Dhammena cakkaṃ vattemi, iti bhāsatha gotama.

‘‘Ko nu senāpati bhoto, sāvako satthuranvayo;

Ko tetamanuvatteti, dhammacakkaṃ pavattita’’nti. – gāthādvayamāha;

Tattha ko nu senāpatīti dhammarañño bhoto dhammena pavattitassa cakkassa anupavattanako senāpati ko nūti pucchi.

Tena ca samayena bhagavato dakkhiṇapasse āyasmā sāriputto nisinno hoti, suvaṇṇapuñjo viya siriyā sobhamāno. Taṃ dassento bhagavā –

‘‘Mayā pavattitaṃ cakkaṃ, (selāti bhagavā) dhammacakkaṃ anuttaraṃ;

Sāriputto anuvatteti, anujāto tathāgata’’nti. – gāthamāha;

Tattha anujāto tathāgatanti, tathāgataṃ anujāto, tathā gatena hetunā ariyāya jātiyā jātoti attho.

Evaṃ ‘‘ko nu senāpati bhoto’’ti selena vuttapañhaṃ byākaritvā yaṃ selo āha ‘‘sambuddho paṭijānāsī’’ti tattha naṃ nikkaṅkhaṃ kātukāmo ‘‘nāhaṃ paṭiññāmatteneva paṭijānāmi, api cāhaṃ iminā kāraṇena buddho’’ti ñāpetuṃ –

Pahātabbaṃ pahīnaṃ me, tasmā buddhosmi brāhmaṇā’’ti. – gāthamāha;

Evaṃ nippariyāyena attānaṃ pātukaritvā attani kaṅkhāvitaraṇatthaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ ussāhento –

‘‘Vinayassu mayi kaṅkhaṃ, adhimuccassu brāhmaṇa;

Dullabhaṃ dassanaṃ hoti, sambuddhānaṃ abhiṇhaso.

‘‘Yesaṃ ve dullabho loke, pātubhāvo abhiṇhaso;

Sohaṃ brāhmaṇa buddhosmi, sallakatto anuttaro.

‘‘Brahmabhūto atitulo, mārasenappamaddano;

Sabbāmitte vase katvā, modāmi akutobhayo’’ti. – gāthattayamāha;

‘‘Idaṃ bhonto nisāmetha, yathā bhāsati cakkhumā;

Sallakatto mahāvīro, sīhova nadatī vane.

‘‘Brahmabhūtaṃ atitulaṃ, mārasenappamaddanaṃ;

Ko disvā nappasīdeyya, api kaṇhābhijātiko.

‘‘Yo maṃ icchati anvetu, yo vā nicchati gacchatu;

Idhāhaṃ pabbajissāmi, varapaññassa santike’’ti. –

Gāthattayamāha. Yathā taṃ paripākagatāya upanissayasampattiyā codiyamāno.

Tattha kaṇhābhijātikoti, nīcajātiko, tamotamaparāyaṇabhāve ṭhito.

Tato tepi māṇavakā hetusampannatāya tattheva pabbajjāpekkhā hutvā –

‘‘Etaṃ ce ruccati bhoto, sammāsambuddhasāsanaṃ;

Mayampi pabbajissāma, varapaññassa santike’’ti. –

Gāthamāhaṃsu, yathā taṃ tena saddhiṃ katādhikārā kulaputtā.

Atha selo tesu māṇavakesu tuṭṭhacitto te dassento pabbajjañca yācamāno –

‘‘Brāhmaṇā tisatā ime, yācanti pañjalīkatā;

Brahmacariyaṃ carissāma, bhagavā tava santike’’ti. – gāthamāha;

‘‘Svākhātaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, (selāti bhagavā) sandiṭṭhikamakālikaṃ;

Yattha amoghā pabbajjā, appamattassa sikkhato’’ti. – gāthamāha;

Evañca vatvā ‘‘etha, bhikkhavo’’ti bhagavā avoca. Tāvadeva te sabbe iddhimayapattacīvaradharā hutvā saṭṭhivassikattherā viya bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā parivāresuṃ. So evaṃ pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto sattame divase sapariso arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.40.208-303) –

‘‘Nagare haṃsavatiyā, vīthisāmī ahosahaṃ;

Mama ñātī samānetvā, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Buddho loke samuppanno, puññakkhetto anuttaro;

Āsi so sabbalokassa, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho.

‘‘Khattiyā negamā ceva, mahāsālā ca brāhmaṇā;

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Hatthārohā anīkaṭṭhā, rathikā pattikārakā;

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Āḷārikā kappakā ca, nhāpakā mālakārakā;

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Rajakā pesakārā ca, cammakārā ca nhāpitā;

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Kammārā soṇṇakārā ca, tipulohakarā tathā;

Pasannacittā sumanā, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Bhatakā ceṭakā ceva, dāsakammakarā bahū;

Yathāsakena thāmena, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Udahārā kaṭṭhahārā, kassakā tiṇahārakā;

Yathāsakena thāmena, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Pupphikā mālikā ceva, paṇṇikā phalahārakā;

Yathāsakena thāmena, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Gaṇikā kumbhadāsī ca, pūvikā macchikāpi ca;

Yathāsakena thāmena, pūgadhammaṃ akaṃsu te.

‘‘Etha sabbe samāgantvā, gaṇaṃ bandhāma ekato;

Adhikāraṃ karissāma, puññakkhette anuttare.

‘‘Te me sutvāna vacanaṃ, gaṇaṃ bandhiṃsu tāvade;

Upaṭṭhānasālaṃ sukataṃ, bhikkhusaṅghassa kārayuṃ.

‘‘Niṭṭhāpetvāna taṃ sālaṃ, udaggo tuṭṭhamānaso;

Pareto tehi sabbehi, sambuddhamupasaṅkamiṃ.

‘‘Upasaṅkamma sambuddhaṃ, lokanāthaṃ narāsabhaṃ;

Vanditvā satthuno pāde, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

Upaṭṭhānasālaṃ sukataṃ, niyyādenti tuvaṃ muni.

‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghassa purato, sampaṭicchatva cakkhumā;

Tiṇṇaṃ satānaṃ purato, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Tisatāpi ca jeṭṭho ca, anuvattiṃsu ekato;

Sampattiñhi karitvāna, sabbe anubhavissatha.

‘‘Pacchime bhave sampatte, sītibhāvamanuttaraṃ;

Ajaraṃ amataṃ santaṃ, nibbānaṃ phassayissatha.

‘‘Evaṃ buddho viyākāsi, sabbaññū samaṇuttaro;

Buddhassa vacanaṃ sutvā, somanassaṃ pavedayiṃ.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassāni, devaloke ramiṃ ahaṃ;

Devādhipo pañcasataṃ, devarajjamakārayiṃ.

Devarajjaṃ karontassa, mahādevā avandisuṃ.

‘‘Idha mānusake rajjaṃ, parisā honti bandhavā;

Pacchime bhave sampatte, vāseṭṭho nāma brāhmaṇo.

‘‘Asītikoṭi nicayo, tassa putto ahosahaṃ;

Selo iti mamaṃ nāmaṃ, chaḷaṅge pāramiṃ gato.

‘‘Jaṅghāvihāraṃ vicaraṃ, sasissehi purakkhato;

Jaṭābhārikabharitaṃ, keṇiyaṃ nāma tāpasaṃ.

‘‘Paṭiyattāhutiṃ disvā, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ;

Āvāho vā vivāho vā, rājā vā te nimantito.

‘‘Āhutiṃ yiṭṭhukāmohaṃ, brāhmaṇe devasammate;

Na nimantemi rājānaṃ, āhutī me na vijjati.

‘‘Na catthi mayhamāvāho, vivāho me na vijjati;

Sakyānaṃ nandijanano, seṭṭho loke sadevake.

So me nimantito ajja, tassetaṃ paṭiyādanaṃ.

‘‘Timbarūsakavaṇṇābho, appameyyo anūpamo;

Rūpenāsadiso buddho, svātanāya nimantito.

‘‘Ukkāmukhapahaṭṭhova, khadiraṅgārasannibho;

Vijjūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Pabbatagge yathā acci, puṇṇamāyeva candimā;

Naḷaggivaṇṇasaṅkāso, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Asambhīto bhayātīto, bhavantakaraṇo muni;

Sīhūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Kusalo buddhadhammehi, apasayho parehi so;

Nāgūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Saddhammācārakusalo, buddhanāgo asādiso;

Usabhūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Anantavaṇṇo amitayaso, vicittasabbalakkhaṇo;

Sakkūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Vasī gaṇī patāpī ca, tejassī ca durāsado;

Brahmūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

Dharaṇūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Sīlavīcisamākiṇṇo, dhammaviññāṇakhobhito;

Udadhūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Durāsado duppasaho, acalo uggato brahā;

Nerūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Anantañāṇo asamasamo, atulo aggataṃ gato;

Gaganūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

Assāsako mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Āsayo buddhimantānaṃ, puññakkhettaṃ sukhesinaṃ;

Ratanākaro mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Assāsako vedakaro, sāmaññaphaladāyako;

Meghūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Lokacakkhu mahātejo, sabbatamavinodano;

Sūriyūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Ārammaṇavimuttīsu, sabhāvadassano muni;

Candūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Buddho samussito loke, lakkhaṇehi alaṅkato;

Appameyyo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Yassa ñāṇaṃ appameyyaṃ, sīlaṃ yassa anūpamaṃ;

Vimutti asadisā yassa, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Yassa dhīti asadisā, thāmo yassa acintiyo;

Yassa parakkamo jeṭṭho, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Rāgo doso ca moho ca, visā sabbe samūhatā;

Agadūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Klesabyādhibahudukkha-sabbatamavinodano;

Vejjūpamo mahāvīro, so me buddho nimantito.

‘‘Buddhoti bho yaṃ vadesi, ghosopeso sudullabho;

Buddho buddhoti sutvāna, pīti me udapajjatha.

‘‘Abbhantaraṃ agaṇhantaṃ, pīti me bahi nicchare;

Sohaṃ pītimano santo, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

Tattha gantvā namassissaṃ, sāmaññaphaladāyakaṃ.

Ācikkhi me dhammarājaṃ, sokasallavinodanaṃ.

‘‘Udentaṃva mahāmeghaṃ, nīlaṃ añjanasannibhaṃ;

Sāgaraṃ viya dissantaṃ, passasetaṃ mahāvanaṃ.

‘‘Ettha so vasate buddho, adantadamako muni;

Vinayanto ca veneyye, bodhento bodhipakkhiye.

‘‘Pipāsitova udakaṃ, bhojanaṃva jighacchito;

Gāvī yathā vacchagiddhā, evāhaṃ viciniṃ jinaṃ.

‘‘Ācāraupacāraññū, dhammānucchavisaṃvaraṃ;

Sikkhāpemi sake sisse, gacchante jinasantikaṃ.

‘‘Durāsadā bhagavanto, sīhāva ekacārino;

Pade padaṃ nikkhipantā, āgaccheyyātha māṇavā.

‘‘Āsīviso yathā ghoro, migarājāva kesarī;

Mattova kuñjaro dantī, evaṃ buddhā durāsadā.

‘‘Ukkāsitañca khipitaṃ, ajjhupekkhiya māṇavā;

Pade padaṃ nikkhipantā, upetha buddhasantikaṃ.

‘‘Paṭisallānagarukā, appasaddā durāsadā;

Durūpasaṅkamā buddhā, garū honti sadevake.

‘‘Yadāhaṃ pañhaṃ pucchāmi, paṭisammodayāmi vā;

Appasaddā tadā hotha, munibhūtāva tiṭṭhatha.

‘‘Yaṃ so deseti sambuddho, khemaṃ nibbānapattiyā;

Tamevatthaṃ nisāmetha, saddhammasavanaṃ sukhaṃ.

‘‘Upasaṅkamma sambuddhaṃ, sammodiṃ muninā ahaṃ;

Taṃ kathaṃ vītisāretvā, lakkhaṇe upadhārayiṃ.

‘‘Lakkhaṇe dve ca kaṅkhāmi, passāmi tiṃsalakkhaṇe;

Kosohitavatthaguyhaṃ, iddhiyā dassayī muni.

Paṭimasi nalāṭantaṃ, kevalaṃ chādayī jino.

‘‘Tassāhaṃ lakkhaṇe disvā, paripuṇṇe sabyañjane;

Buddhoti niṭṭhaṃ gantvāna, saha sissehi pabbajiṃ.

Aḍḍhamāse asampatte, sabbe pattāmha nibbutiṃ.

‘‘Ekato kammaṃ katvāna, puññakkhette anuttare;

Ekato saṃsaritvāna, ekato vinivattayuṃ.

‘‘Gopānasiyo datvāna, pūgadhamme vasiṃ ahaṃ

Tena kammena sukatena, aṭṭha hetū labhāmahaṃ.

‘‘Disāsu pūjito homi, bhogā ca amitā mama;

Patiṭṭhā homi sabbesaṃ, tāso mama na vijjati.

‘‘Byādhayo me na vijjanti, dīghāyuṃ pālayāmi ca;

Sukhumacchaviko homi, āvāse patthite vase.

‘‘Aṭṭha gopānasī datvā, pūgadhamme vasiṃ ahaṃ;

Paṭisambhidārahattañca, etaṃ me aparaṭṭhamaṃ.

‘‘Sabbavositavosāno, katakicco anāsavo;

Aṭṭha gopānasī nāma, tava putto mahāmuni.

‘‘Pañca thambhāni datvāna, pūgadhamme vasiṃ ahaṃ;

Tena kammena sukatena, pañca hetū labhāmahaṃ.

‘‘Acalo homi mettāya, anūnaṅgo bhavāmahaṃ;

Ādeyyavacano homi, na dhaṃsemi yathā ahaṃ.

‘‘Abhantaṃ hoti me cittaṃ, akhilo homi kassaci;

Tena kammena sukatena, vimalo homi sāsane.

‘‘Sagāravo sappatisso, katakicco anāsavo;

Sāvako te mahāvīra, bhikkhu taṃ vandate muni.

Tena kammena sukatena, pañca hetū labhāmahaṃ.

‘‘Ucce kule pajāyitvā, mahābhogo bhavāmahaṃ;

Sabbasampattiko homi, maccheraṃ me na vijjati.

‘‘Gamane patthite mayhaṃ, pallaṅko upatiṭṭhati;

Saha pallaṅkaseṭṭhena, gacchāmi mama patthitaṃ.

‘‘Tena pallaṅkadānena, tamaṃ sabbaṃ vinodayiṃ;

Sabbābhiññābalappatto, thero vandati taṃ muni.

‘‘Parikiccattakiccāni, sabbakiccāni sādhayiṃ;

Tena kammena sukatena, pāvisiṃ abhayaṃ puraṃ.

Tena kammena sukatena, seṭṭhattaṃ ajjhupāgato.

‘‘Ye keci damakā loke, hatthiasse damenti ye;

Karitvā kāraṇā nānā, dāruṇena damenti te.

‘‘Na hevaṃ tvaṃ mahāvīra, damesi naranāriyo;

Adaṇḍena asatthena, damesi uttame dame.

‘‘Dānassa vaṇṇe kittento, desanākusalo muni;

Ekapañhaṃ kathentova, bodhesi tisate muni.

‘‘Dantā mayaṃ sārathinā, suvimuttā anāsavā;

Sabbābhiññābalapattā, nibbutā upadhikkhaye.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ dānamadadiṃ tadā;

Atikkantā bhayā sabbe, sālādānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Yaṃ taṃ saraṇamāgamha, ito aṭṭhame cakkhuma;

Sattarattena bhagavā, dantāmha tava sāsane’’ti. –

‘‘Tuvaṃ buddho tuvaṃ satthā, tuvaṃ mārābhibhū muni;

Tuvaṃ anusaye chetvā, tiṇṇo tāresimaṃ pajaṃ.

‘‘Upadhī te samatikkantā, āsavā te padālitā;

Sīhova anupādāno, pahīnabhayabheravo’’ti. –

Imāhi dvīhi gāthāhi abhitthavitvā osānagāthāya satthāraṃ vandanaṃ yācati –

‘‘Bhikkhavo tisatā ime, tiṭṭhanti pañjalīkatā;

Pāde vīra pasārehi, nāgā vandantu satthuno’’ti.

Selattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Kāḷigodhāputtabhaddiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Sālīnaṃ odano bhutto, sucimaṃsūpasecano.

Jhāyati anupādāno, putto godhāya bhaddiyo.

‘‘Paṃsukūlī sātatiko, uñchāpattāgate rato;

Jhāyati anupādāno, putto godhāya bhaddiyo.

‘‘Piṇḍapātī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Tecīvarī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Sapadānacārī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Ekāsanī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Pattapiṇḍī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Khalupacchābhattī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Āraññiko sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Rukkhamūliko sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Abbhokāsī sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Sosāniko sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Yathāsanthatiko sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Nesajjiko sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Appiccho sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Santuṭṭho sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Pavivitto sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Asaṃsaṭṭho sātatiko…pe….

‘‘Hitvā satapalaṃ kaṃsaṃ, sovaṇṇaṃ satarājikaṃ;

Aggahiṃ mattikāpattaṃ, idaṃ dutiyābhisecanaṃ.

Rakkhito khaggahatthehi, uttamaṃ vihariṃ pure.

‘‘Sojja bhaddo anutrāsī, pahīnabhayabheravo;

Jhāyati vanamogayha, putto godhāya bhaddiyo.

‘‘Sīlakkhandhe patiṭṭhāya, satiṃ paññañca bhāvayaṃ;

Pāpuṇiṃ anupubbena, sabbasaṃyojanakkhaya’’nti. –

Imāhi gāthāhi satthu purato sīhanādaṃ nadi.

Tattha yātaṃ me hatthigīvāyāti, bhante, pubbe mayā gacchantenāpi hatthigīvāya hatthikkhandhe nisīditvā yātaṃ caritaṃ. Vatthāni pariharantenāpi sukhumā sukhasamphassā kāsikavatthavisesā dhāritā. Odanaṃ bhuñjantenāpi tivassikānaṃ purāṇagandhasālīnaṃ odano tittirakapiñjarādinā sucinā maṃsena upasittatāya sucimaṃsūpasecano bhutto, tathāpi taṃ sukhaṃ na mayhaṃ cittaparitosakaraṃ ahosi, yathā etarahi vivekasukhanti dassento āha ‘‘sojja bhaddo’’tiādi. Ettha ca hatthiggahaṇeneva assarathayānāni, vatthaggahaṇena sabbarājālaṅkārā, odanaggahaṇena sabbabhojanavikati gahitāti veditabbaṃ. Sojjāti so ajja etarahi pabbajjāyaṃ ṭhito. Bhaddoti sīlādiguṇehi samannāgatattā bhaddo. Sātatikoti samaṇadhamme diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāre sātaccayutto. Uñchāpattāgate ratoti uñchācariyāya patte āgate pattapariyāpanne abhirato, teneva santuṭṭhoti adhippāyo. Jhāyatīti phalasamāpattijhānena jhāyati. Putto godhāyāti kāḷigodhāya nāma khattiyāya putto. Bhaddiyoti evaṃnāmo attānameva thero aññaṃ viya katvā vadati.

Ucceti uccādiṭṭhāne, uparipāsādatāya vā ucce. Maṇḍalipākāreti maṇḍalākārena pākāraparikkhitte. Daḷhamaṭṭālakoṭṭhaketi thirehi aṭṭālehi dvārakoṭṭhakehi ca samannāgate, nagareti attho.

Satiṃ paññañcāti ettha satisīsena samādhiṃ vadati. Phalasamāpattinirodhasamāpattiyo sandhāya ‘‘satiṃ paññañca bhāvaya’’nti vutto. Sesaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayattā uttānameva.

Evaṃ thero satthu sammukhā sīhanādaṃ nadi. Taṃ sutvā bhikkhū abhippasannā ahesuṃ.

Kāḷigodhāputtabhaddiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Aṅgulimālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Gacchaṃ vadesi samaṇa ṭhitomhi, mamañca brūsi ṭhitamaṭṭhitoti;

Pucchāmi taṃ samaṇa etamatthaṃ, kathaṃ ṭhito tvaṃ ahamaṭṭhitomhī’’ti.

Tattha samaṇāti bhagavantaṃ ālapati. Mamanti maṃ. Kathanti kenākārena. Ayañhettha attho – samaṇa, tvaṃ gacchantova samāno ‘‘ṭhitomhī’’ti vadesi. Mamañca ṭhitaṃyeva ‘‘aṭṭhito’’ti brūsi, vadesi. Kāraṇenettha bhavitabbaṃ, tasmā taṃ samaṇaṃ ahaṃ evamatthaṃ pucchāmi. Kathaṃ kenākārena tvaṃ ṭhito ahosi, ahañca aṭṭhitomhīti. Evaṃ vutte bhagavā –

Tuvañca pāṇesu asaññatosi, tasmā ṭhitohaṃ tuvamaṭṭhitosī’’ti. –

Gāthāya taṃ ajjhabhāsi.

‘‘Cirassaṃ vata me mahito mahesī, mahāvanaṃ samaṇo paccapādi;

Sohaṃ cajissāmi sahassapāpaṃ, sutvāna gāthaṃ tava dhammayutta’’nti. –

Imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha cirassaṃ vatāti cirakālena vata. Meti mayhaṃ anuggahatthāya. Mahitoti sadevakena lokena mahatiyā pūjāya pūjito. Mahante sīlakkhandhādiguṇe esi, gavesīti mahesī. Mahāvanaṃ samaṇo paccapādīti imaṃ mahāraññaṃ samitasabbapāpo bhagavā paṭipajji. Sohaṃ cajissāmi sahassapāpaṃ, sutvāna gāthaṃ tava dhammayuttanti sohaṃ dhammayuttaṃ dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ tava gāthaṃ suṇiṃ. Sohaṃ taṃ sutvāna ‘‘cirassampi cirakālenapi saṅgataṃ paricitaṃ pāpasahassaṃ pajahissa’’nti cintetvā idāni naṃ aññadatthu pariccajissāmīti attho. Evaṃ pana vatvā yathā paṭipajji, yathā ca bhagavatā anuggahito, taṃ dassetuṃ –

Avandi coro sugatassa pāde, tattheva pabbajjamayāci buddhaṃ.

‘‘Buddho ca kho kāruṇiko mahesi, yo satthā lokassa sadevakassa;

Tamehi bhikkhūti tadā avoca, eseva tassa ahu bhikkhubhāvo’’ti.

Saṅgītikārā imā dve gāthā ṭhapesuṃ.

Evaṃ thero satthu santike ehibhikkhubhāvena pabbajjaṃ upasampadañca labhitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto arahattaṃ patvā vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedento pītisomanassajāto udānavasena –

‘‘Yo ca pubbe pamajjitvā, pacchā so nappamajjati;

Somaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti, abbhā muttova candimā.

Somaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti, abbhā muttova candimā.

‘‘Yo have daharo bhikkhu, yuñjati buddhasāsane;

Somaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti, abbhā muttova candimā’’ti. – gāthattayaṃ abhāsi;

Yassa puggalassa kataṃ upacitaṃ pāpakammaṃ kammakkhayakarena lokuttarakusalena avipākārahabhāvassa āharitattā vipākuppādane dvārapidhānena pidhīyati thakīyati. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Daharoti taruṇo, tenassa yogakkhamasarīrataṃ dasseti. So hi uppannaṃ vātātapaparissayaṃ abhibhavitvā yogaṃ kātuṃ sakkoti. Yuñjati buddhasāsane sikkhattaye yuttappayutto hoti, sakkaccaṃ sampādetīti attho.

Disāpi me te manuje bhajantu, ye dhammamevādapayanti santo.

‘‘Disā hi me khantivādānaṃ, avirodhappasaṃsinaṃ;

Suṇantu dhammaṃ kālena, tañca anuvidhīyantu.

‘‘Na hi jātu so mamaṃ hiṃse, aññaṃ vā pana kañci naṃ;

Pappuyya paramaṃ santiṃ, rakkheyya tasathāvare.

‘‘Udakañhi nayanti nettikā, usukārā damayanti tejanaṃ;

Dāruṃ damayanti tacchakā, attānaṃ damayanti paṇḍitā.

‘‘Daṇḍeneke damayanti, aṅkusebhi kasāhi ca;

Adaṇḍena asatthena, ahaṃ dantomhi tādinā.

Ajjāhaṃ saccanāmomhi, na naṃ hiṃsāmi kañci naṃ.

‘‘Coro ahaṃ pure āsiṃ, aṅgulimāloti vissuto;

Vuyhamāno mahoghena, buddhaṃ saraṇamāgamaṃ.

‘‘Lohitapāṇi pure āsiṃ, aṅgulimāloti vissuto;

Saraṇagamanaṃ passa, bhavanetti samūhatā.

‘‘Tādisaṃ kammaṃ katvāna, bahuṃ duggatigāminaṃ;

Phuṭṭho kammavipākena, anaṇo bhuñjāmi bhojanaṃ.

‘‘Pamādamanuyuñjanti, bālā dummedhino janā;

Appamādañca medhāvī, dhanaṃ seṭṭhaṃva rakkhati.

‘‘Mā pamādamanuyuñjetha, mā kāmaratisanthavaṃ;

Appamatto hi jhāyanto, pappoti paramaṃ sukhaṃ.

Savibhattesu dhammesu, yaṃ seṭṭhaṃ tadupāgamaṃ.

‘‘Svāgataṃ nāpagataṃ, netaṃ dummantitaṃ mama;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

‘‘Araññe rukkhamūle vā, pabbatesu guhāsu vā;

Tattha tattheva aṭṭhāsiṃ, ubbiggamanaso tadā.

Ahatthapāso mārassa, aho satthānukampito.

‘‘Brahmajacco pure āsiṃ, udicco ubhato ahu.

Sojja putto sugatassa, dhammarājassa satthuno.

‘‘Vītataṇho anādāno, guttadvāro susaṃvuto;

Aghamūlaṃ vadhitvāna, patto me āsavakkhayo.

‘‘Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ;

Ohito garuko bhāro, bhavanetti samūhatā’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Na hi jātu so mamaṃ hiṃseti so mayhaṃ diso paccatthiko jātu, ekaṃseneva maṃ na hiṃse, na bādheyya. Aññaṃ vā pana kañci nanti na kevalaṃ maṃyeva, aññaṃ vāpi kañci sattaṃ na hiṃseyya, pappuyya paramaṃ santinti, paramaṃ uttamaṃ santiṃ nibbānaṃ pāpuṇeyya, pāpuṇitvā ca rakkheyya tasathāvareti sabbe ca satte paramāya rakkhāya rakkheyya, sissaṃ puttaṃ viya paripāleyyāti attho.

Idāni purisadammasārathinā satthārā attano damitākāraṃ kataññutañca pakāsento ‘‘daṇḍeneke’’tiādikā pañca gāthā abhāsi. Tattha daṇḍeneke damayantīti rājarājamahāmattādayo daṇḍena, hatthiassādinā balakāyena ca paccatthikādike damenti, gopālādayo ca gāvādike daṇḍena yaṭṭhiyā damenti. Hatthācariyā hatthiṃ aṅkusehi, assācariyā asse kasāhi ca damenti. Adaṇḍena asatthena, ahaṃ dantomhi tādināti ahaṃ pana iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvappattena sammāsambuddhena vinā eva daṇḍena, vinā satthena, nihitadaṇḍanihitasatthabhāvena danto damito nibbisevano gato amhi.

Vissutoti ‘‘pāṇātipātī luddo lohitapāṇī’’tiādinā paññāto. Mahoghenāti kāmoghādinā mahatā oghena, tassa oghassa vicchedakaraṃ buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ buddhasaṅkhātaṃ saraṇaṃ agamaṃ upagacchiṃ.

Lohitapāṇīti pāṇamatipātanena paresaṃ lohitena ruhirena makkhitapāṇi. Saraṇagamanaṃ passāti mahapphalaṃ mama saraṇagamanaṃ passāti attānamevālapati.

Tādisaṃ kammanti anekasatapurisavadhaṃ dāruṇaṃ tathārūpaṃ pāpakammaṃ. Phuṭṭho kammavipākenāti pubbe katassa pāpakammassa vipākena phuṭṭho, sabbaso pahīnakammo vipākamattaṃ paccanubhonto. Atha vā phuṭṭho kammavipākenāti upanissayabhūtassa kusalakammassa phalabhūtena lokuttaramaggena, lokuttarakammasseva vā phalena vimuttisukhena phuṭṭho. Sabbaso kilesānaṃ khīṇattā anaṇo bhuñjāmi bhojanaṃ, bhojanāpadesena cattāropi paccaye vadati.

Svāgataṃ nāpagatanti yaṃ tadā mama satthu santike āgataṃ āgamanaṃ, satthu vā tasmiṃ mahāvane āgamanaṃ, taṃ svāgataṃ svāgamanaṃ nāpagataṃ, atthato apetaṃ vigataṃ na hoti. Netaṃ dummantitaṃ mamāti yaṃ tadā mayā ‘‘satthu santike pabbajissāmī’’ti mantitaṃ, idampi mama na dummantitaṃ, sumantitameva. Kasmā? Savibhattesu dhammesūti sāvajjānavajjādivasena pakārato vibhattesu dhammesu yaṃ seṭṭhaṃ uttamaṃ pavaraṃ nibbānaṃ. Tadupāgamaṃ tadeva upagacchinti attho.

Brahmajaccoti brāhmaṇajātiko. Udicco ubhatoti mātito ca pitito ca ubhato udito saṃsuddhagahaṇiko. Sesaṃ tattha tattha vuttanayameva.

Aṅgulimālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Anuruddhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Evaṃ yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato kāle bārāṇasiyaṃ kuṭumbikagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute niṭṭhite yojanike kanakathūpe bahū kaṃsapātiyo kāretvā sappimaṇḍassa pūretvā majjhe ekekaṃ guḷapiṇḍaṃ ṭhapetvā mukhavaṭṭiyā mukhavaṭṭiṃ phusāpento cetiyaṃ parikkhipāpetvā attanā ekaṃ mahatiṃ kaṃsapātiṃ kāretvā sappimaṇḍassa pūretvā sahassavaṭṭiyo jālāpetvā sīse ṭhapetvā sabbarattiṃ cetiyaṃ anupariyāyi.

‘‘Sumedhaṃ bhagavantāhaṃ, lokajeṭṭhaṃ narāsabhaṃ;

Vūpakaṭṭhaṃ viharantaṃ, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Upagantvāna sambuddhaṃ, sumedhaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Añjaliṃ paggahetvāna, buddhaseṭṭhamayācahaṃ.

‘‘Anukampa mahāvīra, lokajeṭṭha narāsabha;

Padīpaṃ te padassāmi, rukkhamūlamhi jhāyato.

‘‘Adhivāsesi so dhīro, sayambhū vadataṃ varo;

Dumesu vinivijjhitvā, yantaṃ yojiyahaṃ tadā.

‘‘Sahassavaṭṭiṃ pādāsiṃ, buddhassa lokabandhuno;

Sattāhaṃ pajjalitvāna, dīpā vūpasamiṃsu me.

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, vimānamupapajjahaṃ.

‘‘Upapannassa devattaṃ, byamhaṃ āsi sunimmitaṃ;

Samantato pajjalati, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Samantā yojanasataṃ, virocesimahaṃ tadā;

Sabbe deve abhibhomi, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Tiṃsakappāni devindo, devarajjamakārayiṃ;

Na maṃ kecītimaññanti, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Aṭṭhavīsatikkhattuñca, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ;

Divā rattiñca passāmi, samantā yojanaṃ tadā.

Dibbacakkhumanuppatto, dīpadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Sumedho nāma sambuddho, tiṃsakappasahassito;

Tassa dīpo mayā dinno, vippasannena cetasā.

‘‘Paṭisambhidā catasso…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Atha naṃ satthā aparabhāge jetavanamahāvihāre ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno dibbacakkhukānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi ‘‘etadaggaṃ, bhikkhave, mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dibbacakkhukānaṃ yadidaṃ anuruddho’’ti (a. ni. 1.180, 192).

So vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedī viharanto ekadivasaṃ attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pītisomanassajāto udānavasena ‘‘pahāya mātāpitaro’’tiādikā gāthā abhāsi. Keci pana ‘‘therassa pabbajjaṃ arahattappattiñca pakāsentehi saṅgītikārehi ādito catasso gāthā bhāsitā. Tato parā therassa ariyavaṃsapaṭipattiyā ārādhitacittena bhagavatā bhāsitā. Itarā sabbāpi tena tena kāraṇena thereneva bhāsitā’’ti vadanti. Iti sabbathāpi imā gāthā therena bhāsitāpi, theraṃ uddissa bhāsitāpi therassa cetā gāthāti veditabbā. Seyyathidaṃ –

‘‘Pahāya mātāpitaro, bhaginī ñātibhātaro;

Pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā, anuruddhova jhāyati.

‘‘Sameto naccagītehi, sammatāḷappabodhano;

Na tena suddhimajjhagaṃ, mārassa visaye rato.

Sabboghaṃ samatikkamma, anuruddhova jhāyati.

‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā;

Ete ca samatikkamma, anuruddhova jhāyati.

‘‘Piṇḍapātamatikkanto, eko adutiyo muni;

Esati paṃsukūlāni anuruddho anāsavo.

Paṃsukūlāni matimā, anuruddho anāsavo.

‘‘Mahiccho ca asantuṭṭho, saṃsaṭṭho yo ca uddhato;

Tassa dhammā ime honti, pāpakā saṃkilesikā.

‘‘Sato ca hoti appiccho, santuṭṭho avighātavā;

Pavivekarato vitto, niccamāraddhavīriyo.

Anāsavo ca so hoti, iti vuttaṃ mahesinā.

‘‘Mama saṅkappamaññāya, satthā loke anuttaro;

Manomayena kāyena, iddhiyā upasaṅkami.

‘‘Yadā me ahu saṅkappo, tato uttari desayi;

Nippapañcarato buddho, nippapañcamadesayi.

‘‘Tassāhaṃ dhammamaññāya, vihāsiṃ sāsane rato;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

‘‘Pañcapaññāsavassāni, yato nesajjiko ahaṃ;

Pañcavīsativassāni, yato middhaṃ samūhataṃ.

‘‘Nāhu assāsapassāsā, ṭhitacittassa tādino;

Anejo santimārabbha, cakkhumā parinibbuto.

‘‘Asallīnena cittena, vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayi;

Pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahu.

‘‘Ete pacchimakā dāni, munino phassapañcamā;

Nāññe dhammā bhavissanti, sambuddhe parinibbute.

‘‘Natthi dāni punāvāso, devakāyasmi jālini;

Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

Vasī iddhiguṇe cutūpapāte, kāle passati devatā sa bhikkhu.

‘‘Annabhāro pure āsiṃ, daliddo ghāsahārako;

Samaṇaṃ paṭipādesiṃ, upariṭṭhaṃ yasassinaṃ.

‘‘Somhi sakyakule jāto, anuruddhoti maṃ vidū;

Upeto naccagītehi, sammatāḷappabodhano.

Tasmiṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, yattha me vusitaṃ pure;

Tāvatiṃsesu devesu, aṭṭhāsiṃ sakkajātiyā.

‘‘Sattakkhattuṃ manussindo, ahaṃ rajjamakārayiṃ;

Cāturanto vijitāvī, jambusaṇḍassa issaro;

Adaṇḍena asatthena, dhammena anusāsayiṃ.

‘‘Ito satta tato satta, saṃsārāni catuddasa;

Nivāsamabhijānissaṃ, devaloke ṭhito tadā.

‘‘Pañcaṅgike samādhimhi, sante ekodibhāvite;

Paṭippassaddhiladdhamhi, dibbacakkhu visujjhi me.

‘‘Cutūpapātaṃ jānāmi, sattānaṃ āgatiṃ gatiṃ;

Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, jhāne pañcaṅgike ṭhito.

‘‘Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā…pe… bhavanetti samūhatā.

‘‘Vajjīnaṃ veḷuvagāme, ahaṃ jīvitasaṅkhayā;

Heṭṭhato veḷugumbasmiṃ, nibbāyissaṃ anāsavo’’ti.

Piṇḍapātamatikkantoti piṇḍapātaggahaṇaṃ atikkanto, piṇḍapātaggahaṇato nivattentoti attho. Ekoti ekākī apacchāsamaṇo. Adutiyoti nittaṇho. Taṇhā hi purisassa dutiyo nāma. Yathāha ‘‘taṇhādutiyo puriso’’ti (itivu. 15, 105; mahāni. 191). Esatīti pariyesati.

Vicinīti esantova tattha tattha saṅkārakūṭādike paṃsukūluppattiṭṭhāne vicini. Aggahīti vicinitvā asucimakkhitampi ajigucchanto gaṇhi. Dhovīti, vikkhālesi. Rajayīti dhovitvā gahitaṃ sibbitvā kappiyarajanena rajayi. Dhārayīti rajitvā kappabinduṃ datvā dhāresi, nivāsesi ceva pārupi ca.

Tassa evaṃ appicchatādiguṇasamannāgatassa ime satipaṭṭhānādayo sattatiṃsappabhedā tividhavipassanāsaṅgahā kosallasambhūtaṭṭhena kusalā, maggapariyāpannā bodhipakkhikā dhammā honti. So tehi samannāgato sabbaso āsavānaṃ khepanena aggamaggakkhaṇato paṭṭhāya anāsavo ca hoti. Iti evaṃ vuttaṃ mahesinā sammāsambuddhena pācīnavaṃsadāye mahāpurisavitakke matthakaṃ pāpanavasenāti adhippāyo.

Tassāhaṃ dhammamaññāyāti tassā satthu desanāya dhammaṃ jānitvā yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjanto vihāsiṃ sikkhattayasaṅgahe sāsane rato abhirato hutvāti attho.

Asallīnenāti alīnena asaṃkuṭitena suvikasiteneva cittena. Vedanaṃ ajjhavāsayīti sato sampajāno hutvā māraṇantikaṃ vedanaṃ adhivāsesi, na vedanānuvattī hutvā ito cito ca samparivatti. Pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, vimokkho cetaso ahūti yathā telañca paṭicca, vaṭṭiñca paṭicca pajjalanto pajjoto padīpo tesaṃ parikkhaye nibbāyati. Nibbuto ca katthaci gantvā na tiṭṭhati, aññadatthu antaradhāyati, adassanameva gacchati; evaṃ kilesābhisaṅkhāre nissāya pavattamāno khandhasantāno tesaṃ parikkhaye nibbāyati, nibbuto ca katthaci gantvā na tiṭṭhati, aññadatthu antaradhāyati, adassanameva gacchatīti dasseti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘nibbanti dhīrā yathāyaṃ padīpo’’ti (khu. pā. 6.15), ‘‘accī yathā vātavegena khittā’’ti (su. ni. 1080) ca ādi.

Atha thero vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā attano ānubhāvaṃ sabrahmacārīnaṃ pakāsento ‘‘yassa muhuttenā’’ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – yassa khīṇāsavabhikkhuno muhuttamattena eva sahassadhā sahassappakāro tisahassimahāsahassipabhedo, loko sabrahmakappo sahabrahmaloko, saṃvidito sammadeva vidito ñāto paccakkhaṃ kato, evaṃ iddhiguṇe iddhisampadāya cutūpapāte ca vasībhāvappatto so bhikkhu upagatakāle devatā passati, na tassa devatānaṃ dassane parihānīti. Therena kira jāliniyā devatāya paṭivacanadānavasena ‘‘natthi dānī’’ti gāthāya vuttāya bhikkhū jāliniṃ apassantā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho thero dhammālapanavasena kiñci ālapatī’’ti cintesuṃ. Tesaṃ cittācāraṃ ñatvā thero ‘‘yassa muhuttenā’’ti imaṃ gāthamāha.

Annabhāro pureti evaṃnāmo purimattabhāve. Ghāsahārakoti ghāsamattassa atthāya bhattiṃ katvā jīvanako. Samaṇanti samitapāpaṃ. Paṭipādesinti paṭimukho hutvā pādāsiṃ, pasādena abhimukho hutvā āhāradānaṃ adāsinti adhippāyo. Upariṭṭhanti evaṃnāmakaṃ paccekabuddhaṃ. Yasassinanti kittimantaṃ patthaṭayasaṃ. Imāya gāthāya yāva carimattabhāvā uḷārasampattihetubhūtaṃ attano pubbakammaṃ dasseti. Tenāha ‘‘somhi sakyakule jāto’’tiādi.

Cutūpapātaṃ jānāmīti sattānaṃ cutiñca upapattiñca jānāmi, jānanto ca ‘‘ime sattā amumhā lokamhā āgantvā idhūpapannā, imamhā ca lokā gantvā amumhi loke upapajjissantī’’ti sattānaṃ āgatiṃ gatiñca jānāmi, jānanto eva ca nesaṃ itthabhāvaṃ manussabhāvaṃ tato aññathābhāvaṃ aññathātiracchānabhāvañca upapattito puretarameva jānāmi. Tayidaṃ sabbampi pañcaṅgike samādhimhi sampādite evāti dassento āha ‘‘jhāne pañcaṅgike ṭhito’’ti. Tattha pañcaṅgike jhāne ṭhito patiṭṭhito hutvā evaṃ jānāmīti attho.

Evaṃ vijjāttayaṃ dassetvā tappasaṅgena pubbe dassitampi tatiyavijjaṃ saha kiccanipphattiyā dassento ‘‘pariciṇṇo mayā satthā’’tiādinā gāthādvayamāha. Tattha vajjīnaṃ veḷuvagāmeti vajjiraṭṭhassa veḷuvagāme, vajjiraṭṭhe yattha pacchimavassaṃ upagacchi veḷuvagāme. Heṭṭhato veḷugumbasminti tattha aññatarassa veḷugumbassa heṭṭhā. Nibbāyissanti nibbāyissāmi, anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyissāmīti attho.

Anuruddhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Pārāpariyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Ekaggassa nisinnassa, pavivittassa jhāyino’’ti. –

Ayaṃ gāthā saṅgītikārehi ṭhapitā. Tassattho heṭṭhā vuttanayova. Ayaṃ pana sambandho – satthari aggasāvakesu ekaccesu mahātheresu ca parinibbutesu atītasatthuke pāvacane subbacesu sikkhākāmesu bhikkhūsu dullabhesu, dubbacesu micchāpaṭipattibahulesu bhikkhūsu ca jātesu supupphite mahante sālavane nisinnassa pavivittassa ekaggassa jhāyanasīlassa, samitapāpatāya samaṇassa, pārāpariyattherassa paṭipattiṃ nissāya cintā vīmaṃsā ahosīti itarā –

‘‘Aññathā lokanāthamhi, tiṭṭhante purisuttame;

Iriyaṃ āsi bhikkhūnaṃ, aññathā dāni dissati.

‘‘Sītavātaparittāṇaṃ, hirikopīnachādanaṃ;

Mattaṭṭhiyaṃ abhuñjiṃsu, santuṭṭhā itarītare.

‘‘Paṇītaṃ yadi vā lūkhaṃ, appaṃ vā yadi vā bahuṃ;

Yāpanatthaṃ abhuñjiṃsu, agiddhā nādhimucchitā.

‘‘Jīvitānaṃ parikkhāre, bhesajje atha paccaye;

Na bāḷhaṃ ussukā āsuṃ, yathā te āsavakkhaye.

‘‘Araññe rukkhamūlesu, kandarāsu guhāsu ca;

Vivekamanubrūhantā, vihaṃsu tapparāyaṇā.

Abyāsekā amukharā, atthacintāvasānugā.

‘‘Tato pāsādikaṃ āsi, gataṃ bhuttaṃ nisevitaṃ;

Siniddhā teladhārāva, ahosi iriyāpatho.

Nibbutā dāni te therā, parittā dāni tādisā.

‘‘Kusalānañca dhammānaṃ, paññāya ca parikkhayā;

Sabbākāravarūpetaṃ, lujjate jinasāsanaṃ.

‘‘Pāpakānañca dhammānaṃ, kilesānañca yo utu;

Upaṭṭhitā vivekāya, ye ca saddhammasesakā.

‘‘Te kilesā pavaḍḍhantā, āvisanti bahuṃ janaṃ;

Kīḷanti maññe bālehi, ummattehiva rakkhasā.

‘‘Kilesehābhibhūtā te, tena tena vidhāvitā;

Narā kilesavatthūsu, sasaṅgāmeva ghosite.

‘‘Pariccajitvā saddhammaṃ, aññamaññehi bhaṇḍare;

Diṭṭhigatāni anventā, idaṃ seyyoti maññare.

‘‘Dhanañca puttaṃ bhariyañca, chaḍḍayitvāna niggatā;

Kaṭacchubhikkhahetūpi, akicchāni nisevare.

Kathā vaḍḍhenti paṭibuddhā, yā kathā satthugarahitā.

‘‘Sabbakārukasippāni, cittiṃ katvāna sikkhare;

Avūpasantā ajjhattaṃ, sāmaññatthotiacchati.

‘‘Mattikaṃ telacuṇṇañca, udakāsanabhojanaṃ;

Gihīnaṃ upanāmenti, ākaṅkhantā bahuttaraṃ.

‘‘Dantaponaṃ kapitthañca, pupphaṃ khādaniyāni ca;

Piṇḍapāte ca sampanne, ambe āmalakāni ca.

Gaṇikāva vibhūsāyaṃ, issare khattiyā yathā.

‘‘Nekatikā vañcanikā, kūṭasakkhī apāṭukā;

Bahūhi parikappehi, āmisaṃ paribhuñjare.

‘‘Lesakappe pariyāye, parikappenudhāvitā;

Jīvikatthā upāyena, saṅkaḍḍhanti bahuṃ dhanaṃ.

Dhammaṃ paresaṃ desenti, lābhato no ca atthato.

‘‘Saṅghalābhassa bhaṇḍanti, saṅghato paribāhirā;

Paralābhopajīvantā, ahirīkā na lajjare.

‘‘Nānuyuttā tathā eke, muṇḍā saṅghāṭipārutā;

Sambhāvanaṃyevicchanti, lābhasakkāramucchitā.

‘‘Evaṃ nānappayātamhi, na dāni sukaraṃ tathā;

Aphusitaṃ vā phusituṃ, phusitaṃ vānurakkhituṃ.

‘‘Yathā kaṇṭakaṭṭhānamhi, careyya anupāhano;

Satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvāna, evaṃ gāme munī care.

‘‘Saritvā pubbake yogī, tesaṃ vattamanussaraṃ;

Kiñcāpi pacchimo kālo, phuseyya amataṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Idaṃ vatvā sālavane, samaṇo bhāvitindriyo;

Brāhmaṇo parinibbāyī, isi khīṇapunabbhavo’’ti. –

Imā gāthā thereneva bhāsitā.

Idāni satthari dharante yenākārena bhikkhūnaṃ paṭipatti ahosi, taṃ tāva dassetuṃ ‘‘sītavātaparittāṇa’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha mattaṭṭhiyanti taṃ mattaṃ payojanaṃ. Yāvadeva sītavātaparittāṇaṃ, yāvadeva hirīkopīnapaṭicchādanaṃ katvā cīvaraṃ paribhuñjiṃsu. Kathaṃ? Santuṭṭhā itarītare yasmiṃ tasmiṃ hīne paṇīte vā yathāladdhe paccaye santosaṃ āpannā.

Paṇītanti uḷāraṃ sappiādinā saṃsaṭṭhaṃ, tadabhāvena lūkhaṃ. Appanti, catupañcālopamattampi. Bahuṃ yāpanatthaṃ abhuñjiṃsūti paṇītaṃ bahuṃ bhuñjantāpi yāpanamattameva āhāraṃ bhuñjiṃsu. Tato eva agiddhā gedhaṃ anāpannā. Nādhimucchitā na ajjhositā akkhabbhañjanaṃ viya sākaṭikā, vaṇalepanaṃ viya vaṇino abhuñjiṃsu.

Tapparāyaṇāti vivekaparāyaṇā vivekapoṇā. Evaṃ catūhi gāthāhi catupaccayasantosaṃ bhāvanābhiratiñca dassentena tesaṃ ariyavaṃsapaṭipadā dassitā.

Mahājhāyīti mahantehi jhānehi jhāyanasīlā, mahantaṃ vā nibbānaṃ jhāyantīti mahājhāyī. Tato eva mahāhitā, mahantehi hitehi samannāgatāti attho. Te therāti te yathāvuttappakārā paṭipattiparāyaṇā therā idāni parinibbutāti attho. Parittā dāni tādisāti idāni pacchime kāle tādisā tathārūpā therā parittā appakā katipayā evāti vuttaṃ hoti.

Te kilesā pavaḍḍhantāti ye bhagavato orasaputtehi ca tadā parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gamitā kilesā, te etarahi laddhokāsā bhikkhūsu vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjantā. Āvisanti bahuṃ jananti kalyāṇamittarahitaṃ ayonisomanasikārabahulaṃ andhabālajanaṃ abhibhavitvā avasaṃ karontā āvisanti santānaṃ anupavisanti. Evaṃbhūtā ca te kīḷanti maññe bālehi, ummattehiva rakkhasā, yathā nāma keḷisīlā rakkhasā bhisakkarahite ummatte āvisitvā te anayabyasanaṃ āpādentā tehi kīḷanti, evaṃ te kilesā sammāsambuddhabhisakkarahite andhabāle bhikkhū āvisitvā tesaṃ diṭṭhadhammikādibhedaṃ anatthaṃ uppādentā tehi saddhiṃ kīḷanti maññe, kīḷantā viya hontīti attho.

Niggatāti gehato nikkhantā. Kaṭacchubhikkhahetūpīti kaṭacchumattabhikkhānimittampi. Taṃ dadantassa gahaṭṭhassa ananulomikasaṃsaggavasena akiccāni pabbajitena akattabbāni kammāni nisevare karonti.

Udarāvadehakaṃ bhutvāti ‘‘ūnūdaro mitāhāro’’ti (theragā. 982; mi. pa. 6.5.10) vuttavacanaṃ acintetvā udarapūraṃ bhuñjitvā. Sayantuttānaseyyakāti ‘‘dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappeti pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno’’ti (a. ni. 8.9; vibha. 519) vuttavidhānaṃ ananussaritvā uttānaseyyakā sayanti. Yā kathā satthugarahitāti rājakathāditiracchānakathaṃ sandhāya vadati.

Sabbakārukasippānīti sabbehi vessādīhi kārukehi kattabbāni bhattatālavaṇṭakaraṇādīni hatthasippāni. Cittiṃ katvānāti sakkaccaṃ sādaraṃ katvā. Avūpasantā ajjhattanti kilesavūpasamābhāvato gadduhanamattampi samādhānābhāvato ca ajjhattaṃ avūpasantā, avūpasantacittāti attho. Sāmaññatthoti samaṇadhammo. Atiacchatīti tesaṃ ājīvakiccapasutatāya ekadesampi aphusanato visuṃyeva nisīdati, anallīyatīti vuttaṃ hoti.

Bhesajjesu yathā vejjāti gihīnaṃ bhesajjappayogesu yathā vejjā, tathā bhikkhū paṭipajjantīti adhippāyo. Kiccākicce yathā gihīti gahaṭṭhānaṃ khuddake ceva mahante ca kicce kattabbe gihī viya. Gaṇikāva vibhūsāyanti attano sarīrassa vibhūsane rūpūpajīviniyo viya. Issare khattiyā yathāti issare issariyapavattane yathā khattiyā, evaṃ kulapatī hutvā vattantīti attho.

Nekatikāti nikatiyaṃ niyuttā, amaṇiṃyeva maṇiṃ, asuvaṇṇaṃyeva suvaṇṇaṃ katvā paṭirūpasāciyoganiratā. Vañcanikāti kūṭamānādīhi vippalambakā. Kūṭasakkhīti ayāthāvasakkhino. Apāṭukāti vāmakā, asaṃyatavuttīti attho. Bahūhi parikappehīti yathāvuttehi aññehi ca bahūhi micchājīvappakārehi.

Lesakappeti kappiyalese kappiyapaṭirūpe. Pariyāyeti, paccayesu pariyāyassa yoge. Parikappeti vaḍḍhiādivikappane, sabbattha visaye bhummaṃ. Anudhāvitāti mahicchatādīhi pāpadhammehi anudhāvitā vositā. Jīvikatthā jīvikappayojanā ājīvahetukā. Upāyenāti parikathādinā upāyena paccayuppādananayena. Saṅkaḍḍhantīti saṃharanti.

Saṅghalābhassa bhaṇḍantīti saṅghalābhahetu bhaṇḍanti ‘‘mayhaṃ pāpuṇāti, na tuyha’’ntiādinā kalahaṃ karonti. Saṅghato paribāhirāti, ariyasaṅghato bahibhūtā ariyasaṅghe tadabhāvato. Paralābhopajīvantāti sāsane lābhassa andhabālaputhujjanehi pare sīlādiguṇasampanne sekkhe uddissa uppannattā taṃ paralābhaṃ, parato vā dāyakato laddhabbalābhaṃ upajīvantā bhaṇḍanakārakā bhikkhū pāpajigucchāya abhāvato ahirikā samānā ca ‘‘mayaṃ paralābhaṃ bhuñjāma, parapaṭibaddhajīvikā’’tipi na lajjare na hirīyanti.

Nānuyuttāti samaṇakaraṇehi dhammehi ananuyuttā. Tathāti yathā pubbe vuttā bandhanakārakādayo, tathā. Eketi ekacce. Muṇḍā saṅghāṭipārutāti kevalaṃ muṇḍitakesatāya muṇḍā pilotikakhaṇḍehi saṅghaṭitaṭṭhena ‘‘saṅghāṭī’’ti laddhanāmena cīvarena pārutasarīrā. Sambhāvanaṃyevicchanti, lābhasakkāramucchitāti lābhasakkārāsāya mucchitā ajjhositā hutvā, ‘‘pesalo dhutavādo bahussuto’’ti vā madhuravacanamanuyuttā ‘‘ariyo’’ti ca kevalaṃ sambhāvanaṃ bahumānaṃyeva icchanti esanti, na tannimitte guṇeti attho.

Evanti ‘‘kusalānañca dhammānaṃ paññāya ca parikkhayā’’ti vuttanayena. Nānappayātamhīti nānappakāre bhedanadhamme payāte samakate, nānappakārena vā saṃkilesadhamme payātuṃ pavattituṃ āraddhe. Na dāni sukaraṃ tathāti idāni imasmiṃ dullabhakalyāṇamitte dullabhasappāyasaddhammassavane ca kāle yathā satthari dharante aphusitaṃ aphuṭṭhaṃ, anadhigataṃ jhānavipassanaṃ phusituṃ adhigantuṃ, phusitaṃ vā hānabhāgiyaṃ ṭhitibhāgiyameva vā ahutvā yathā visesabhāgiyaṃ hoti, tathā anurakkhituṃ pāletuṃ sukaraṃ, tathā na sukaraṃ, tathā sampādetuṃ na sakkāti attho.

Saritvā pubbake yogī, tesaṃ vattamanussaranti purimake yoge bhāvanāya yuttatāya yogī āraddhavipassake saritvā tesaṃ vattaṃ āgamānusārena sammāpaṭipattibhāvanāvidhiṃ anussaranto dhuranikkhepaṃ akatvā yathāpaṭipajjanto. Kiñcāpi pacchimo kāloti yadipāyaṃ atītasatthuko carimo kālo, tathāpi yathādhammameva paṭipajjanto vipassanaṃ ussukkāpento phuseyya amataṃ padaṃ nibbānaṃ adhigaccheyya.

Idaṃ vatvāti, yathādassitaṃ saṃkilesavodānesu imaṃ paṭipattividhiṃ kathetvā. Ayañca osānagāthā saṅgītikārehi therassa parinibbānaṃ pakāsetuṃ vuttāti veditabbā.

Pārāpariyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Vīsatinipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.