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The Order of Languages of Dictionaries to Show?
+ - {{ "zh_TW" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Dīghanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dīghanikāya") }}
+ - Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi") }}
2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Mahāvaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mahāvaggapāḷi") }}
3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ") }}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Pāthikavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Pāthikavaggapāḷi") }}
8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimanikāya") }}
+ - Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Sīhanādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sīhanādavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Opammavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Opammavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Mahāyamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Mahāyamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Cūḷayamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Cūḷayamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Gahapativaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Gahapativaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Tikanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tikanipātapāḷi") }}
(7) 2. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(7) 2. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Dvattiṃsākāro
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Dvattiṃsākāro") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Kumārapañhā
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Kumārapañhā") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Ratanasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Ratanasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ") }}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Translation")}}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - {{ "en_US" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Ekakanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Ekakanipātapāḷi") }}
3. Akammaniyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Akammaniyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Adantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Adantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dukanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dukanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Kammakaraṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Kammakaraṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Samacittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Samacittavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Parisavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Parisavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(10) 5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(10) 5. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}

6. Chakkanipāto

1. Uruvelakassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Chakkanipāte disvāna pāṭihīrānītiādikā āyasmato uruvelakassapattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā, vayappatto satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ mahāparisānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā, sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā mahādānaṃ datvā paṇidhānamakāsi. Bhagavā cassa anantarāyataṃ disvā, ‘‘anāgate gotamabuddhassa sāsane mahāparisānaṃ aggo bhavissatī’’ti byākāsi.

So tattha yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā tato cavitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto ito dvānavutikappamatthake phussassa bhagavato vemātikakaniṭṭhabhātā hutvā nibbatti. Aññepissa dve kaniṭṭhabhātaro ahesuṃ. Te tayopi buddhappamukhaṃ saṅghaṃ paramāya pūjāya pūjetvā yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto amhākaṃ bhagavato nibbattito puretarameva bārāṇasiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule bhātaro hutvā, anukkamena nibbattā gottavasena tayopi kassapā eva nāma jātā. Te vayappattā tayo vede uggaṇhiṃsu. Tesaṃ jeṭṭhabhātikassa pañca māṇavakasatāni parivāro, majjhimassa tīṇi, kaniṭṭhassa dve. Te attano ganthe sāraṃ olokentā diṭṭhadhammikameva atthaṃ disvā pabbajjaṃ rocesuṃ. Tesu jeṭṭhabhātā attano parivārena saddhiṃ uruvelaṃ gantvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā uruvelakassapo nāma jāto mahāgaṅgānadīvaṅke pabbajito nadīkassapo nāma jāto, gayāsīse pabbajito gayākassapo nāma jāto.

Evaṃ tesu isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā tattha tattha vasantesu bahūnaṃ divasānaṃ accayena amhākaṃ bodhisatto mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamitvā, paṭividdhasabbaññutaññāṇo anukkamena dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā, pañcavaggiyatthere arahatte patiṭṭhāpetvā yasappamukhe pañcapaññāsa sahāyake vinetvā saṭṭhi arahante ‘‘caratha, bhikkhave, cārika’’nti vissajjetvā, bhaddavaggiye vinetvā uruvelakassapassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā vasanatthāya agyāgāraṃ pavisitvā , tattha katanāgadamanaṃ ādiṃ katvā aḍḍhuḍḍhasahassehi pāṭihāriyehi uruvelakassapaṃ saparisaṃ vinetvā pabbājesi. Tassa pabbajitabhāvaṃ ñatvā itarepi dve bhātaro saparisā āgantvā satthu santike pabbajiṃsu. Sabbeva ehibhikkhū iddhimayapattacīvaradharā ahesuṃ.

Satthā taṃ samaṇasahassaṃ ādāya gayāsīsaṃ gantvā piṭṭhipāsāṇe nisinno ādittapariyāyadesanāya sabbe arahatte patiṭṭhāpesi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.54.251-295) –

‘‘Padumuttaro nāma jino, sabbalokavidū muni;

Ito satasahassamhi, kappe uppajji cakkhumā.

‘‘Ovādako viññāpako, tārako sabbapāṇinaṃ;

Desanākusalo buddho, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.

‘‘Anukampako kāruṇiko, hitesī sabbapāṇinaṃ;

Sampatte titthiye sabbe, pañcasīle patiṭṭhapi.

‘‘Evaṃ nirākulaṃ āsi, suññataṃ titthiyehi ca;

Vicittaṃ arahantehi, vasībhūtehi tādibhi.

‘‘Ratanānaṭṭhapaññāsaṃ, uggato so mahāmuni;

Kañcanagghiyasaṅkāso, bāttiṃsavaralakkhaṇo.

‘‘Vassasatasahassāni, āyu vijjati tāvade;

Tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so, tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ haṃsavatiyā, brāhmaṇo sādhusammato;

Upecca lokapajjotaṃ, assosiṃ dhammadesanaṃ.

‘‘Tadā mahāparisatiṃ, mahāparisasāvakaṃ;

Ṭhapentaṃ etadaggamhi, sutvāna mudito ahaṃ.

‘‘Mahatā parivārena, nimantetvā mahājinaṃ;

Brāhmaṇānaṃ sahassena, sahadānamadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Mahādānaṃ daditvāna, abhivādiya nāyakaṃ;

Ekamantaṃ ṭhito haṭṭho, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Tayi saddhāya me vīra, adhikāraguṇena ca;

Parisā mahatī hotu, nibbattassa tahiṃ tahiṃ.

‘‘Tadā avoca parisaṃ, gajagajjitasussaro;

Karavīkaruto satthā, etaṃ passatha brāhmaṇaṃ.

‘‘Hemavaṇṇaṃ mahābāhuṃ, kamalānanalocanaṃ;

Udaggatanujaṃ haṭṭhaṃ, saddhavantaṃ guṇe mama.

‘‘Esa patthayate ṭhānaṃ, sīhaghosassa bhikkhuno;

Anāgatamhi addhāne, lacchase taṃ manorathaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Kassapo nāma gottena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Ito dvenavute kappe, ahu satthā anuttaro;

Anūpamo asadiso, phusso lokagganāyako.

‘‘So ca sabbaṃ tamaṃ hantvā, vijaṭetvā mahājaṭaṃ;

Vassate amataṃ vuṭṭhiṃ, tappayanto sadevakaṃ.

‘‘Tadā hi bārāṇasiyaṃ, rājāpaccā ahumhase;

Bhātaromha tayo sabbe, saṃvisaṭṭhāva rājino.

‘‘Vīraṅgarūpā balino, saṅgāme aparājitā;

Tadā kupitapaccanto, amhe āha mahīpati.

‘‘Etha gantvāna paccantaṃ, sodhetvā aṭṭavībalaṃ;

Khemaṃ vijiritaṃ katvā, puna dethāti bhāsatha.

‘‘Tato mayaṃ avocumha, yadi deyyāsi nāyakaṃ;

Upaṭṭhānāya amhākaṃ, sādhayissāma vo tato.

‘‘Tato mayaṃ laddhavarā, bhūmipālena pesitā;

Nikkhittasatthaṃ paccantaṃ, katvā punarupecca taṃ.

‘‘Yācitvā satthupaṭṭhānaṃ, rājānaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Munivīraṃ labhitvāna, yāvajīvaṃ yajimha taṃ.

‘‘Mahagghāni ca vatthāni, paṇītāni rasāni ca;

Senāsanāni rammāni, bhesajjāni hitāni ca.

‘‘Datvā sasaṅghamunino, dhammenuppāditāni no;

Sīlavanto kāruṇikā, bhāvanāyuttamānasā.

‘‘Saddhā paricaritvāna, mettacittena nāyakaṃ;

Nibbute tamhi lokagge, pūjaṃ katvā yathābalaṃ.

‘‘Tato cutā santusitaṃ, gatā tattha mahāsukhaṃ;

Anubhūtā mayaṃ sabbe, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Māyākāro yathā raṅge, dassesi vikatiṃ bahuṃ;

Tathā bhave bhamantohaṃ, videhādhipatī ahuṃ.

‘‘Guṇācelassa vākyena, micchādiṭṭhigatāsayo;

Narakaṃ maggamārūḷho, rucāya mama dhītuyā.

‘‘Ovādaṃ nādiyitvāna, brahmunā nāradenahaṃ;

Bahudhā saṃsito santo, diṭṭhiṃ hitvāna pāpikaṃ.

‘‘Pūrayitvā visesena, dasa kammapathānihaṃ;

Hitvāna dehamagamiṃ, saggaṃ sabhavanaṃ yathā.

‘‘Pacchime bhave sampatte, brahmabandhu ahosahaṃ;

Bārāṇasiyaṃ phītāyaṃ, jāto vippamahākule.

‘‘Maccubyādhijarābhīto, ogāhetvā mahāvanaṃ;

Nibbānaṃ padamesanto, jaṭilesu paribbajiṃ.

‘‘Tadā dve bhātaro mayhaṃ, pabbajiṃsu mayā saha;

Uruvelāyaṃ māpetvā, assamaṃ nivasiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Kassapo nāma gottena, uruvelanivāsiko;

Tato me āsi paññatti, uruvelakassapo iti.

‘‘Nadīsakāse bhātā me, nadīkassapasavhayo;

Āsī sakāsanāmena, gayāyaṃ gayākassapo.

‘‘Dve satāni kaniṭṭhassa, tīṇi, majjhassa bhātuno;

Mama pañca satānūnā, sissā sabbe mamānugā.

‘‘Tadā upecca maṃ buddho, katvāna vividhāni me;

Pāṭihīrāni lokaggo, vinesi narasārathi.

‘‘Sahassaparivārena, ahosiṃ ehibhikkhuko;

Teheva saha sabbehi, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Te cevaññe ca bahavo, sissā maṃ parivārayuṃ;

Bhāsituñca samatthohaṃ, tato maṃ isisattamo.

‘‘Mahāparisabhāvasmiṃ, etadagge ṭhapesi maṃ;

Aho buddhe kataṃ kāraṃ, saphalaṃ me ajāyatha.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā sīhanādaṃ nadanto –

375.

‘‘Disvāna pāṭihīrāni, gotamassa yasassino;

Na tāvāhaṃ paṇipatiṃ, issāmānena vañcito.

376.

‘‘Mama saṅkappamaññāya, codesi narasārathi;

Tato me āsi saṃvego, abbhuto lomahaṃsano.

377.

‘‘Pubbe jaṭilabhūtassa, yā me siddhi parittikā;

Tāhaṃ tadā nirākatvā, pabbajiṃ jinasāsane.

378.

‘‘Pubbe yaññena santuṭṭho, kāmadhātupurakkhato;

Pacchā rāgañca dosañca, mohañcāpi samūhaniṃ.

379.

‘‘Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhu visodhitaṃ;

Iddhimā paracittaññū, dibbasotañca pāpuṇiṃ.

380.

‘‘Yassa catthāya pabbajito, agārasmānagāriyaṃ;

So me attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo’’ti. –

Imā cha gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha disvāna pāṭihīrānīti nāgarājadamanādīni aḍḍhuḍḍhasahassāni pāṭihāriyāni disvā. ‘‘Pāṭihīraṃ, pāṭiheraṃ, pāṭihāriya’’nti hi atthato ekaṃ, byañjanameva nānaṃ. Yasassino’’ti ‘‘itipi so bhagavā’’tiādinā sadevake loke yathābhuccaṃ patthaṭakittisaddassa. Na tāvāhaṃ paṇipatinti yāva maṃ bhagavā ‘‘neva kho tvaṃ, kassapa, arahā, nāpi arahattamaggaṃ samāpanno, sāpi te paṭipadā natthi, yāya tvaṃ arahā vā assa, arahattamaggaṃ vā samāpanno’’ti na tajjesi, tāva ahaṃ na paṇipātanaṃ akāsiṃ. Kiṃkāraṇā? Issāmānena vañcito, ‘‘imassa mayi sāvakattaṃ upagate mama lābhasakkāro parihāyissati, imassa eva vaḍḍhissatī’’ti evaṃ parasampattiasahanalakkhaṇāya issāya ceva, ‘‘ahaṃ gaṇapāmokkho bahujanasammato’’ti evaṃ abbhunnatilakkhaṇena mānena ca vañcito, palambhito hutvāti attho.

Mama saṅkappamaññāyāti mayhaṃ micchāsaṅkappaṃ jānitvā, yaṃ yaṃ bhagavā uttari manussadhammā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dasseti, taṃ taṃ disvā ‘‘mahiddhiko kho mahāsamaṇo mahānubhāvo’’ti cintetvāpi ‘‘na tveva kho arahā yathā aha’’nti evaṃ pavattaṃ micchāvitakkaṃ jānantopi ñāṇaparipākaṃ āgamento ajjhupekkhitvā pacchā nerañjarāya majjhe samantato udakaṃ ussāretvā reṇuhatāya bhūmiyā caṅkamitvā tena ābhatanāvāya ṭhito tadāpi ‘‘mahiddhiko’’tiādikaṃ cintetvā puna ‘‘na tveva kho arahā yathā aha’’nti pavattitaṃ micchāsaṅkappaṃ ñatvāti attho. Codesi narasārathīti tadā me ñāṇaparipākaṃ ñatvā ‘‘neva kho tvaṃ arahā’’tiādinā purisadammasārathi satthā maṃ codesi niggaṇhi. Tato me āsi saṃvego, abbhuto lomahaṃsanoti tato yathāvuttacodanāhetu ettakaṃ kālaṃ abhūtapubbatāya abbhuto lomahaṃsanavasena pavattiyā lomahaṃsano ‘‘anarahāva samāno ‘arahā’ti maññi’’nti saṃvego sahottappo ñāṇuppādo mayhaṃ ahosi.

Jaṭilabhūtassāti tāpasabhūtassa. Siddhīti lābhasakkārasamiddhi. Parittikāti appamattikā. Tāhanti taṃ ahaṃ. Tadāti bhagavato codanāya saṃveguppattikāle. Nirākatvāti apanetvā chaḍḍetvā, anapekkho hutvāti attho. ‘‘Iddhīti bhāvanāmayaiddhī’’ti vadanti. Tadayuttaṃ tadā tassa ajhānalābhībhāvato. Tathā hi vuttaṃ ‘‘kāmadhātupurakkhato’’ti.

Yaññena santuṭṭhoti ‘‘yaññaṃ yajitvā saggasukhaṃ anubhavissāmi, alamettāvatā’’ti yaññayajanena santuṭṭho niṭṭhitakiccasaññī. Kāmadhātupurakkhatoti kāmasugatiṃ ārabbha uppannataṇho yaññayajanena kāmalokaṃ purakkhatvā ṭhito. So ce yañño pāṇātipātapaṭisaṃyutto hoti, na tena sugatiṃ sakkā laddhuṃ. Na hi akusalassa iṭṭho kanto vipāko nibbattati. Yā pana tattha dānādikusalacetanā, tāya sati paccayasamavāye sugatiṃ gaccheyya. Pacchāti tāpasapabbajjāto pacchā satthu ovādena tāpasaladdhiṃ pahāya catusaccakammaṭṭhānānuyogakāle. Samūhaninti vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā rāgañca dosañca mohañca anavasesato samugghātesiṃ.

Yasmā panāyaṃ thero ariyamaggena rāgādayo samūhanantoyeva chaḷabhiñño ahosi, tasmā taṃ attano chaḷabhiññabhāvaṃ dassento ‘‘pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmī’’tiādimāha. Tattha pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmīti attano paresañca pubbenivāsaṃ atītāsu jātīsu nibbattakkhandhe khandhapaṭibaddhe ca pubbenivāsañāṇena hatthatale āmalakaṃ viya paccakkhato jānāmi bujjhāmi. Dibbacakkhu visodhitanti dibbacakkhuñāṇaṃ visodhitaṃ, pakaticakkhunā āpāthagataṃ pakatirūpaṃ viya dibbaṃ mānusampi dūraṃ tiroṭṭhitaṃ atisukhumañca rūpaṃ vibhāvetuṃ samatthañāṇaṃ bhāvanāya mayā visuddhaṃ katvā paṭiladdhanti attho. Iddhimāti adhiṭṭhāniddhivikubbaniddhiādīhi iddhīhi iddhimā, iddhividhañāṇalābhīti attho. Sarāgādibhedassa paresaṃ cittassa jānanato paracittaññū, cetopariyañāṇalābhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Dibbasotañca pāpuṇinti dibbasotañāṇañca paṭilabhiṃ.

Some attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayoti yo sabbesaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ khayabhūto khayena vā laddhabbo, so sadattho paramattho ca mayā ariyamaggādhigamena adhigatoti. Evametāya gāthāya therassa aññābyākaraṇaṃ ahosīti veditabbo.

Uruvelakassapattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Tekicchakārittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Atihitāvīhītiādikā āyasmato tekicchakārittherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto ito ekanavute kappe vipassissa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patvā vejjasatthe nipphattiṃ gato. Vipassissa bhagavato upaṭṭhākaṃ asokaṃ nāma theraṃ byādhitaṃ arogamakāsi, aññesañca sattānaṃ rogābhibhūtānaṃ anukampāya bhesajjaṃ saṃvidahi.

So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde subuddhassa nāma brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti. Tassa tikicchakehi gabbhakāle parissayaṃ apaharitvā paripālitatāya tekicchakārīti nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So attano kulānurūpāni vijjāṭṭhānāni sippāni ca sikkhanto vaḍḍhati. Tadā cāṇakko subuddhassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ kiriyāsu upāyakosallañca disvā, ‘‘ayaṃ imasmiṃ rājakule patiṭṭhaṃ labhanto maṃ abhibhaveyyā’’ti issāpakato raññā candaguttena taṃ bandhanāgāre khipāpesi. Tekicchakārī pitu bandhanāgārappavesanaṃ sutvā bhīto palāyitvā sāṇavāsittherassa santikaṃ gantvā attano saṃvegakāraṇaṃ therassa kathetvā pabbajitvā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā abbhokāsiko nesajjiko ca hutvā viharati, sītuṇhaṃ agaṇento samaṇadhammameva karoti, visesato brahmavihārabhāvanamanuyuñjati. Taṃ disvā māro pāpimā ‘‘na imassa mama visayaṃ atikkamituṃ dassāmī’’ti vikkhepaṃ kātukāmo sassānaṃ nipphattikāle khettagopakavaṇṇena therassa santikaṃ gantvā taṃ nippaṇḍento –

381.

‘‘Atihitā vīhi, khalagatā sālī;

Na ca labhe piṇḍaṃ, kathamahaṃ kassa’’nti. – āha; Taṃ sutvā thero –

382.

‘‘Buddhamappameyyaṃ anussara pasanno, pītiyā phuṭasarīro hohisi satatamudaggo.

383.

‘‘Dhammamappameyyaṃ …pe… satatamudaggo.

384.

‘‘Saṅghamappameyyaṃ…pe… satatamudaggo’’ti. – āha; Taṃ sutvā māro –

385.

‘‘Abbhokāse viharasi, sītā hemantikā imā ratyo;

Mā sītena pareto vihaññittho, pavisa tvaṃ vihāraṃ phusitaggaḷa’’nti. –

Āha. Atha thero –

386.

‘‘Phusissaṃ catasso appamaññāyo, tāhi ca sukhito viharissaṃ;

Nāhaṃ sītena vihaññissaṃ, aniñjito viharanto’’ti. – āha;

Tattha atihitā vīhīti vīhayo koṭṭhāgāraṃ atinetvā ṭhapitā, tattha paṭisāmitā khalato vā gharaṃ upanītāti attho. Vīhiggahaṇena cettha itarampi dhaññaṃ saṅgaṇhāti. Sālī pana yebhuyyena vīhito pacchā paccantīti āha. Khalagatā sālīti khalaṃ dhaññakaraṇaṭṭhānaṃ gatā, tattha rāsivasena maddanacāvanādivasena ṭhitāti attho. Padhānadhaññabhāvadassanatthañcettha sālīnaṃ visuṃ gahaṇaṃ, ubhayenapi gāme, gāmato bahi ca dhaññaṃ paripuṇṇaṃ ṭhitanti dasseti. Na ca labhe piṇḍanti evaṃ sulabhadhaññe subhikkhakāle ahaṃ piṇḍamattampi na labhāmi. Idāni kathamahaṃ kassanti ahaṃ kathaṃ karissāmi, kathaṃ jīvissāmīti parihāsakeḷiṃ akāsi.

Taṃ sutvā thero ‘‘ayaṃ varāko attanā attano pavattiṃ mayhaṃ pakāsesi, mayā pana attanāva attā ovaditabbo, na mayā kiñci kathetabba’’nti vatthuttayānussatiyaṃ attānaṃ niyojento ‘‘buddhamappameyya’’ntiādinā tisso gāthā abhāsi. Tattha buddhamappameyyaṃ anussara pasannoti savāsanāya avijjāniddāya accantavigamena, buddhiyā ca vikasitabhāvena buddhaṃ bhagavantaṃ pamāṇakarānaṃ rāgādikilesānaṃ abhāvā aparimāṇaguṇasamaṅgitāya appameyyapuññakkhettatāya ca appameyyaṃ. Okappanalakkhaṇena abhippasādena pasanno, pasannamānaso ‘‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.74; saṃ. ni. 5.997) anussara anu anu buddhārammaṇaṃ satiṃ pavattehi, pītiyā phuṭasarīro hohisi. Satatamudaggoti anussarantova pharaṇalakkhaṇāya pītiyā satataṃ sabbadā phuṭasarīro pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpehi ajjhotthaṭasarīro ubbegapītiyā udaggo kāyaṃ udaggaṃ katvā ākāsaṃ laṅghituṃ samattho ca bhaveyyāsi, buddhānussatiyā buddhārammaṇaṃ uḷāraṃ pītisomanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyyāsi. Yato sītuṇhehi viya jighacchāpipāsāhipi anabhibhūto hohisīti attho.

Dhammanti ariyaṃ lokuttaradhammaṃ. Saṅghanti ariyaṃ paramatthasaṅghaṃ. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Anussarāti panettha ‘‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo’’tiādinā dhammaṃ, ‘‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho’’tiādinā saṅghaṃ anussarāti yojetabbaṃ.

Evaṃ therena ratanattayaguṇānussaraṇe niyojanavasena attani ovadite puna māro vivekavāsato naṃ vivecetukāmo hitesībhāvaṃ viya dassento ‘‘abbhokāse viharasī’’ti pañcamaṃ gāthamāha. Tassattho – tvaṃ, bhikkhu, abbhokāse kenaci apaṭicchanne vivaṭaṅgaṇe viharasi iriyāpathe kappesi. Hemantikā himapātasamaye pariyāpannā imā sītā rattiyo vattanti. Tasmā sītena pareto abhibhūto hutvā mā vihaññittho vighātaṃ mā āpajji mā kilami. Phusitaggaḷaṃ pihitakavāṭaṃ senāsanaṃ pavisa, evaṃ te sukhavihāro bhavissatīti.

Taṃ sutvā thero ‘‘na mayhaṃ senāsanapariyesanāya payojanaṃ, etthevāhaṃ sukhavihārī’’ti dassento ‘‘phusissa’’ntiādinā chaṭṭhaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha phusissaṃ catasso appamaññāyoti appamāṇagocaratāya ‘‘appamaññā’’ti laddhavohāre cattāro brahmavihāre phusissaṃ phusissāmi, kālena kālaṃ samāpajjissāmi. Tāhi ca sukhito viharissanti tāhi appamaññāhi sukhito sañjātasukho hutvā viharissaṃ cattāropi iriyāpathe kappessāmīti. Tena mayhaṃ sabbakāle sukhameva, na dukkhaṃ. Yato nāhaṃ sītena vihaññissaṃ antaraṭṭhakepi himapātasamaye ahaṃ sītena na kilamissāmi, tasmā aniñjito viharanto cittassa iñjitakāraṇānaṃ byāpādādīnaṃ suppahīnattā paccayuppanniñjanāya ca abhāvato samāpattisukheneva sukhito viharissāmīti. Evaṃ thero imaṃ gāthaṃ vadantoyeva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.18.39-44) –

‘‘Nagare bandhumatiyā, vejjo āsiṃ susikkhito;

Āturānaṃ sadukkhānaṃ, mahājanasukhāvaho.

‘‘Byādhitaṃ samaṇaṃ disvā, sīlavantaṃ mahājutiṃ;

Pasannacitto sumano, bhesajjamadadiṃ tadā.

‘‘Arogo āsi teneva, samaṇo saṃvutindriyo;

Asoko nāma nāmena, upaṭṭhāko vipassino.

‘‘Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ osadhamadāsahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, bhesajjassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ito ca aṭṭhame kappe, sabbosadhasanāmako;

Sattaratanasampanno, cakkavattī mahapphalo.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Ettha ca bindusārarañño kāle imassa therassa uppannattā tatiyasaṅgītiyaṃ imā gāthā saṅgītāti veditabbā.

Tekicchakārittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Mahānāgattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yassa sabrahmacārīsūtiādikā āyasmato mahānāgattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinanto kakusandhassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ kakusandhaṃ bhagavantaṃ araññaṃ ajjhogāhetvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle jhānasukhena nisinnaṃ disvā pasannamānaso tassa dāḷimaphalaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sākete madhuvāseṭṭhassa nāma brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti, mahānāgotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So viññutaṃ patto bhagavati sākete añjanavane viharante āyasmato gavampatittherassa pāṭihāriyaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho therasseva santike pabbajitvā tassovāde ṭhatvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.45.1-7) –

‘‘Kakusandho mahāvīro, sabbadhammāna pāragū;

Gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho so, agamāsi vanantaraṃ.

‘‘Bījamiñjaṃ gahetvāna, latāya āvuṇiṃ ahaṃ;

Bhagavā tamhi samaye, jhāyate pabbatantare.

‘‘Disvānahaṃ devadevaṃ, vippasannena cetasā;

Dakkhiṇeyyassa vīrassa, bījamiñjamadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Imasmiṃyeva kappamhi, yaṃ miñjamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, bījamiñjassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā vimuttisukhena viharanto thero chabbaggiye bhikkhū sabrahmacārīsu gāravaṃ akatvā viharante disvā tesaṃ ovādadānavasena –

387.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo nūpalabbhati;

Parihāyati saddhammā, maccho appodake yathā.

388.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo nūpalabbhati;

Na virūhati saddhamme, khette bījaṃva pūtikaṃ.

389.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo nūpalabbhati;

Ārakā hoti nibbānā, dhammarājassa sāsane.

390.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo upalabbhati;

Na vihāyati saddhammā, maccho bavhodake yathā.

391.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo upalabbhati;

So virūhati saddhamme, khette bījaṃva bhaddakaṃ.

392.

‘‘Yassa sabrahmacārīsu, gāravo upalabbhati;

Santike hoti nibbānaṃ, dhammarājassa sāsane’’ti. –

Imā cha gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha sabrahmacārīsūti samānaṃ brahmaṃ sīlādidhammaṃ carantīti sabrahmacārino, sīladiṭṭhisāmaññagatā sahadhammikā, tesu. Gāravoti garubhāvo sīlādiguṇanimittaṃ garukaraṇaṃ. Nūpalabbhatīti na vijjati na pavattati, na upatiṭṭhatīti attho. Nibbānāti kilesānaṃ nibbāpanato kilesakkhayāti attho. Dhammarājassāti satthuno. Satthā hi sadevakaṃ lokaṃ yathārahaṃ lokiyalokuttarena dhammena rañjeti tosetīti dhammarājā. Ettha ca ‘‘dhammarājassa sāsane’’ti iminā nibbānaṃ nāma dhammarājasseva sāsane , na aññattha. Tattha yo sabrahmacārīsu gāravarahito, so yathā nibbānā ārakā hoti, tathā dhammarājassa sāsanatopi ārakā hotīti dasseti. Bavhodaketi bahuudake. Santike hoti nibbānanti nibbānaṃ tassa santike samīpe eva hoti. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva. Imā eva ca therassa aññābyākaraṇagāthā ahesuṃ.

Mahānāgattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Kullattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Kullo sivathikantiādikā āyasmato kullattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kuṭumbiyakule nibbattitvā kulloti laddhanāmo viññutaṃ patto satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji. So ca rāgacaritattā tibbarāgajātiko hoti. Tenassa abhikkhaṇaṃ kilesā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Athassa satthā cittācāraṃ ñatvā asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā, ‘‘kulla, tayā abhiṇhaṃ susāne cārikā caritabbā’’ti āha. So susānaṃ pavisitvā uddhumātakādīni tāni tāni asubhāni disvā taṃ muhuttaṃ asubhamanasikāraṃ uppādetvā susānato nikkhantamattova kāmarāgena abhibhuyyati. Puna bhagavā tassa taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā ekadivasaṃ tassa susānaṭṭhānaṃ gatakāle ekaṃ taruṇitthirūpaṃ adhunā mataṃ avinaṭṭhacchaviṃ nimminitvā dasseti. Tassa taṃ diṭṭhamattassa jīvamānavisabhāgavatthusmiṃ viya sahasā rāgo uppajjati. Atha naṃ satthā tassa pekkhantasseva navahi vaṇamukhehi paggharamānāsuciṃ kimikulākulaṃ ativiya bībhacchaṃ duggandhaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ katvā dassesi. So taṃ pekkhanto virattacitto hutvā aṭṭhāsi. Athassa bhagavā obhāsaṃ pharitvā satiṃ janento –

‘‘Āturaṃ asuciṃ pūtiṃ, passa kulla samussayaṃ;

Uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ, bālānaṃ abhinandita’’nti. –

Āha . Taṃ sutvā thero sammadeva sarīrasabhāvaṃ upadhārento asubhasaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā tattha paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ nibbattetvā taṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā –

393.

‘‘Kullo sivathikaṃ gantvā, addasa itthimujjhitaṃ;

Apaviddhaṃ susānasmiṃ, khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭaṃ.

394.

‘‘Āturaṃ…pe… bālānaṃ abhinanditaṃ.

395.

‘‘Dhammādāsaṃ gahetvāna, ñāṇadassanapattiyā;

Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ, tucchaṃ santarabāhiraṃ.

396.

‘‘Yathā idaṃ tathā etaṃ, yathā etaṃ tathā idaṃ;

Yathā adho tathā uddhaṃ, yathā uddhaṃ tathā adho.

397.

‘‘Yathā divā tathā rattiṃ, yathā rattiṃ tathā divā;

Yathā pure tathā pacchā, yathā pacchā tathā pure.

398.

‘‘Pañcaṅgikena turiyena, na ratī hoti tādisī;

Yathā ekaggacittassa, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato’’ti. –

Udānavasena imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha kulloti attānameva thero paraṃ viya katvā vadati.

Āturanti nānappakārehi dukkhehi abhiṇhaṃ paṭipīḷitaṃ. Asucinti sucirahitaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ. Pūtinti duggandhaṃ. Passāti sabhāvato olokehi. Kullāti ovādakāle bhagavā theraṃ ālapati. Udānakāle pana thero sayameva attānaṃ vadati. Samussayanti sarīraṃ. Uggharantanti uddhaṃ vaṇamukhehi asuciṃ savantaṃ. Paggharantanti adho vaṇamukhehi samantato ca asuciṃ savantaṃ. Bālānaṃ abhinanditanti bālehi andhaputhujjanehi diṭṭhitaṇhābhinandanāhi ‘‘ahaṃ mama’’nti abhinivissa nanditaṃ.

Dhammādāsanti dhammamayaṃ ādāsaṃ. Yathā hi sattā adāsena attano mukhe kāye vā guṇadose passanti, evaṃ yogāvacaro yena attabhāve saṃkilesavodānadhamme yāthāvato passati, taṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ idha ‘‘dhammādāsa’’nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ ñāṇadassanassa maggañāṇasaṅkhātassa dhammacakkhussa adhigamāya attano santāne uppādetvā. Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyanti imaṃ karajakāyaṃ niccasārādivirahato tucchaṃ attaparasantānānaṃ vibhāgato santarabāhiraṃ ñāṇacakkhunā patiavekkhiṃ passiṃ.

Yathā pana paccavekkhiṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘yathā ida’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā idaṃ tathā etanti yathā idaṃ mayhaṃ sarīrasaṅkhātaṃ asubhaṃ āyuusmāviññāṇānaṃ anapagamā nānāvidhaṃ māyopamaṃ kiriyaṃ dasseti, tathāva etaṃ matasarīraṃ pubbe tesaṃ dhammānaṃ anapagamā ahosi. Yathā etaṃ etarahi matasarīraṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ apagamā na kiñci kiriyaṃ dasseti, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi tesaṃ dhammānaṃ apagamā nassatevāti. Yathā ca idaṃ mama sarīraṃ etarahi susāne na mataṃ na sayitaṃ, na uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ upagataṃ, tathā etaṃ etarahi matasarīrampi pubbe ahosi. Yathā panetaṃ etarahi matasarīraṃ susāne sayitaṃ uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ upagataṃ, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi bhavissati. Atha vā yathā idaṃ mama sarīraṃ asuci duggandhaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, tathā etaṃ matasarīrampi. Yathā vā etaṃ matasarīraṃ asuciādisabhāvañceva aniccādisabhāvañca, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi. Yathā adho tathā uddhanti yathā nābhito adho heṭṭhā ayaṃ kāyo asuci duggandho jeguccho paṭikkūlo anicco dukkho anattā ca, tathā uddhaṃ nābhito upari asuciādisabhāvo ca. Yathā uddhaṃ tathā adhoti yathā ca nābhito, uddhaṃ asuciādisabhāvo, tathā adho nābhito heṭṭhāpi.

Yathādivā tathā rattinti yathā ayaṃ kāyo divā ‘‘akkhimhā akkhigūthako’’tiādinā (su. ni. 199) asuci paggharati, tathā rattimpi. Yathā rattiṃ tathā divāti yathā ca rattiṃ ayaṃ kāyo asuci paggharati, tathā divāpi, nayimassa kālavibhāgena aññathābhāvoti attho. Yathā pure tathā pacchāti yathā ayaṃ kāyo pure pubbe taruṇakāle asuci duggandho jeguccho paṭikkūlo, tathā ca pacchā jiṇṇakāle. Yathā ca pacchā jiṇṇakāle asuciādisabhāvo, tathā pure taruṇakālepi . Yathā vā pure atītakāle saviññāṇakāle asuciādisabhāvo ca aniccādisabhāvo ca, tathā pacchā anāgatakāle aviññāṇakāleti evampettha attho veditabbo.

Pañcaṅgikena turiyenāti ‘‘ātataṃ vitataṃ ātatavitataṃ ghanaṃ susīra’’nti evaṃ pañcaṅgikena pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgatena turiyena paricariyamānassa kāmasukhasamaṅgino issarajanassa tādisī tathārūpā rati sukhassādo na hoti. Yathā ekaggacittassa, sammā dhammaṃ vipassatoti samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ katvā indriyānaṃ ekarasabhāvena vīthipaṭipannāya vipassanāya khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passantassa yogāvacarassa yādisā dhammarati, tassā kalampi kāmarati na upetīti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374);

Imā eva ca therassa aññābyākaraṇagāthāpi ahesuṃ.

Kullattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Manujassātiādikā āyasmato mālukyaputtattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kosalarañño aggāsanikassa putto hutvā nibbatti. Tassa mātā mālukyā nāma, tassā vasena mālukyaputtotveva paññāyittha. So vayappatto nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ pahāya paribbājakapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā vicaranto satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā sāsane paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. So ñātīsu anukampāya ñātikulaṃ agamāsi. Taṃ ñātakā paṇītena khādanīyena bhojanīyena parivisitvā dhanena palobhetukāmā mahantaṃ dhanarāsiṃ purato upaṭṭhapetvā ‘‘idaṃ dhanaṃ tava santakaṃ, vibbhamitvā iminā dhanena puttadāraṃ paṭijagganto puññāni karohī’’ti yāciṃsu. Thero tesaṃ ajjhāsayaṃ viparivattento ākāse ṭhatvā –

399.

‘‘Manujassa pamattacārino, taṇhā vaḍḍhati māluvā viya;

So plavatī hurā huraṃ, phalamicchaṃva vanasmi vānaro.

400.

‘‘Yaṃ esā sahate jammī, taṇhā loke visattikā;

Sokā tassa pavaḍḍhanti, abhivaṭṭhaṃva bīraṇaṃ.

401.

‘‘Yo cetaṃ sahate jammiṃ, taṇhaṃ loke duraccayaṃ;

Sokā tamhā papatanti, udabindūva pokkharā.

402.

‘‘Taṃ vo vadāmi bhaddaṃ vo, yāvantettha samāgatā;

Taṇhāya mūlaṃ khaṇatha, usīratthova bīraṇaṃ;

Mā vo naḷaṃva sotova, māro bhañji punappunaṃ.

403.

‘‘Karotha buddhavacanaṃ, khaṇo vo mā upaccagā;

Khaṇātītā hi socanti, nirayamhi samappitā.

404.

‘‘Pamādo rajo pamādo, pamādānupatito rajo;

Appamādena vijjāya, abbahe sallamattano’’ti. –

Imāhi chahi gāthāhi dhammaṃ deseti.

Tattha manujassāti sattassa. Pamattacārinoti sativossaggalakkhaṇena pamādena pamattacārissa, neva jhānaṃ, na vipassanā , na maggaphalāni vaḍḍhanti. Yathā pana rukkhaṃ saṃsibbantī pariyonandhantī tassa vināsāya māluvā latā vaḍḍhati, evamassa cha dvārāni nissāya rūpādīsu punappunaṃ uppajjamānā taṇhā vaḍḍhati. Vaḍḍhamānāva yathā māluvā latā attano apassayabhūtaṃ rukkhaṃ ajjhottharitvā pāteti, evaṃ taṇhāvasikaṃ puggalaṃ apāye nipāteti. So plavatīti so taṇhāvasiko puggalo aparāparaṃ bhavābhave uplavati dhāvati. Yathā kiṃ? Phalamicchaṃva vanasmi vānaro yathā rukkhaphalaṃ icchanto vānaro vanasmiṃ dhāvanto rukkhassa ekaṃ sākhaṃ gaṇhāti, taṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhāti, taṃ muñcitvā aññanti ‘‘sākhaṃ alabhitvā nisinno’’ti vattabbataṃ nāpajjati; evameva taṇhāvasiko puggalo hurā huraṃ dhāvanto ‘‘ārammaṇaṃ alabhitvā taṇhāya appavattiṃ patto’’ti vattabbataṃ nāpajjati.

Yanti yaṃ puggalaṃ. Esā lāmakabhāvena jammī visāhāratāya visamūlatāya visaphalatāya visaparibhogatāya rūpādīsu visattatāya āsattatāya ca visattikāti saṅkhaṃ gatā chadvārikā taṇhā sahate abhibhavati tassa puggalassa. Yathā nāma vane punappunaṃ vassante deve abhivaṭṭhaṃ bīraṇaṃ bīraṇatiṇaṃ vaḍḍhati, evaṃ vaṭṭamūlakā sokā abhivaḍḍhanti vuddhiṃ āpajjantīti attho.

Yo cetaṃ…pe… duraccayanti yo pana puggalo evaṃ vuttappakāraṃ atikkamituṃ pajahituṃ dukkaratāya duraccayaṃ taṇhaṃ sahate abhibhavati, tamhā puggalā vaṭṭamūlakā sokā papatanti. Yathā nāma pokkhare padumapatte patitaṃ udabindu na patiṭṭhāti, evaṃ na patiṭṭhahantīti attho.

Taṃ vo vadāmīti tena kāraṇena ahaṃ tumhe vadāmi. Bhaddaṃ voti bhaddaṃ tumhākaṃ hotu, mā taṇhaṃ anuvattapuggalo viya vibhavaṃ anatthaṃ pāpuṇāthāti attho. Yāvantettha samāgatāti imasmiṃ ṭhāne yattakā sannipatitā, tattakā. Kiṃ vadasīti ce? Taṇhāya mūlaṃ khaṇatha imissā chadvārikataṇhāya mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ avijjādikilesaggahanaṃ arahattamaggañāṇakudālena khaṇatha samucchindatha. Kiṃ viyāti? Usīratthova bīraṇaṃ yathā usīrena atthiko puriso mahantena kudālena bīraṇāparanāmaṃ usīraṃ nāma tiṇaṃ khaṇati, evamassa mūlaṃ khaṇathāti attho. Mā vo naḷaṃva sotova, māro bhañji punappunanti tumhe nadītīre jātaṃ naḷaṃ mahāvegena āgato nadīsoto viya kilesamāro maccumāro devaputtamāro ca punappunaṃ mā bhañjīti attho.

Tasmā karotha buddhavacanaṃ ‘‘jhāyatha, bhikkhave, mā pamādatthā’’tiādinā (ma. ni. 1.215) vuttaṃ buddhassa bhagavato vacanaṃ karotha, yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipattiyā sampādetha. Khaṇo vo māupaccagāti yo hi buddhavacanaṃ na karoti, taṃ puggalaṃ ayaṃ buddhuppādakkhaṇo patirūpadesavāse uppattikkhaṇo sammadiṭṭhiyā paṭiladdhakkhaṇo channaṃ āyatanānaṃ avekallakkhaṇoti sabbopi khaṇo atikkamati, so khaṇo mā tumhe atikkamatu. Khaṇātītāti ye hi taṃ khaṇaṃ atītā, ye vā puggale so khaṇo atīto, te nirayamhi samappitā tattha nibbattā cirakālaṃ socanti.

Pamādo rajoti rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu sativossaggalakkhaṇo pamādo, saṃkilesasabhāvattā rāgarajādimissatāya ca rajo. Pamādānupatito rajoti yo hi koci rajo nāma rāgādiko, so sabbo pamādānupatito pamādavaseneva uppajjati. Appamādenāti appamajjanena appamādapaṭipattiyā. Vijjāyāti aggamaggavijjāya. Abbahe sallamattanoti attano hadayanissitaṃ rāgādisallaṃ uddhareyya samūhaneyyāti.

Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Sappadāsattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Paṇṇavīsatītiādikā āyasmato sappadāsattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ suddhodanamahārājassa purohitaputto hutvā nibbatti, tassa sappadāsoti nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto satthu ñātisamāgame paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā kilesābhibhavena cetosamādhiṃ alabhanto brahmacariyaṃ caritvā saṃvegajāto pacchā satthaṃ āharanto yoniso manasikāraṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

405.

‘‘Paṇṇavīsati vassāni, yato pabbajito ahaṃ;

Accharāsaṅghātamattampi, cetosantimanajjhagaṃ.

406.

‘‘Aladdhā cittassekaggaṃ, kāmarāgena aṭṭito;

Bāhā paggayha kandanto, vihārā upanikkhamiṃ.

407.

‘‘Satthaṃ vā āharissāmi, ko attho jīvitena me;

Kathañhi sikkhaṃ paccakkhaṃ, kālaṃ kubbetha mādiso.

408.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ khuramādāya, mañcakamhi upāvisiṃ;

Parinīto khuro āsi, dhamaniṃ chettumattano.

409.

‘‘Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjatha;

Ādīnavo pāturahu, nibbidā samatiṭṭhatha.

410.

‘‘Tato cittaṃ vimucci me, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha paṇṇavīsativassāni, yato pabbajito ahanti yato paṭṭhāya ahaṃ pabbajito tānimāni paṇṇavīsativassāni. Accharāsaṅghātamattampi, cetosantimanajjhaganti sohaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caranto accharāsaṅghātamattampi aṅguliphoṭanamattampi khaṇaṃ cetosantiṃ cetaso samādhānaṃ na labhiṃ.

Evaṃ pana aladdhā cittassekaggataṃ, tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘kāmarāgena aṭṭito’’ti. Tattha aṭṭitoti pīḷito, abhibhūtoti attho. Bāhā paggayha kandantoti ‘‘idamidha ativiya ayuttaṃ vattati, yadāhaṃ niyyānike sāsane pabbajitvā attānaṃ kilesapaṅkato uddharituṃ na sakkomī’’ti uddhaṃmukho bāhā paggayha kandamāno. Vihārā upanikkhaminti vasanakavihārato bahi nikkhanto.

Yenādhippāyena nikkhanto, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘satthaṃ vā āharissāmī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha satthaṃ vā āharissāmīti -saddo vikappanattho. Tena ‘‘rukkhā vā papatissāmi, ubbandhitvā vā marissāmī’’tiādike maraṇappakāre saṅgaṇhāti. Sikkhanti adhisīlasikkhaṃ. Paccakkhanti paccācikkhanto pariccajanto. ‘‘Paccakkhā’’tipi pāḷi, paccakkhāyāti attho. Kālanti maraṇaṃ. Kathañhi nāma mādiso sikkhāpaccakkhānena kālaṃ kareyyāti attho. Sikkhāpaccakkhānañhi ariyassa vinaye maraṇaṃ nāma. Yathāha bhagavā – ‘‘maraṇañhetaṃ , bhikkhave, yo sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.63). ‘‘Sikkhaṃ paccakkhā’’ti pana pāṭhe kathañhi nāma mādiso sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya kālaṃ kareyya, sikkhāsamaṅgī eva pana hutvā kālaṃ kareyya? Tasmā satthaṃ vā āharissāmi, ko attho jīvitena meti yojanā.

Tadāhanti yadā kilesābhibhavena samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya jīvite nibbindanto tadā. Khuranti nisitakhuraṃ, khurasadisaṃ vā satthakaṃ. Mañcakamhi upāvisinti paresaṃ nivāraṇabhayena ovarakaṃ pavisitvā mañcake nisīdiṃ. Parinītoti upanīto, gale ṭhapitoti adhippāyo. Dhamaninti ‘‘kaṇṭhe dhamaniṃ, kaṇṭhadhamaniṃ galavalaya’’ntipi vadanti. Chettunti chindituṃ.

Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjathāti ‘‘yadāhaṃ marissāmī’’ti kaṇṭhe dhamaniṃ chindituṃ khuraṃ upanesiṃ, tato paraṃ ‘‘arogaṃ nu kho me sīla’’nti paccavekkhantassa akkhaṇḍaṃ acchiddaṃ suparisuddhaṃ sīlaṃ disvā pīti uppajji, pītimanassa kāyo passambhi, passaddhakāyassa nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ anubhavantassa cittassa samāhitatāya vipassanāvasena yoniso manasikāro uppajji. Atha vā tatoti kaṇṭhe khurassa upanayato vaṇe jāte uppannaṃ vedanaṃ vikkhambhento vipassanāya vasena yonisomanasikāro uppajji. Idāni tato paraṃ maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ādīnavo pāturahū’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva.

Sappadāsattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Kātiyānattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Uṭṭhehītiādikā āyasmato kātiyānattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ aññatarassa kosiyagottassa brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatto, mātugottavasena pana kātiyānoti laddhanāmo vayappatto sāmaññakānittherassa gihisahāyo theraṃ disvā pabbajito samaṇadhammaṃ karonto rattiṃ ‘‘niddābhibhavaṃ vinodessāmī’’ti caṅkamaṃ āruhi. So caṅkamanto niddāya abhibhūto pacalāyamāno paripatitvā tattheva anantarahitāya bhūmiyā nipajji, satthā tassa taṃ pavattiṃ disvā sayaṃ tattha gantvā ākāse ṭhatvā ‘‘kātiyānā’’ti saññaṃ adāsi. So satthāraṃ disvā uṭṭhahitvā vanditvā saṃvegajāto aṭṭhāsi. Athassa satthā dhammaṃ desento –

411.

‘‘Uṭṭhehi nisīda kātiyāna, mā niddābahulo ahu jāgarassu;

Mā taṃ alasaṃ pamattabandhu, kūṭeneva jinātu maccurājā.

412.

‘‘Seyyathāpi mahāsamuddavego, evaṃ jātijarāti vattate taṃ;

So karohi sudīpamattano tvaṃ, na hi tāṇaṃ tava vijjateva aññaṃ.

413.

‘‘Satthā hi vijesi maggametaṃ, saṅgā jātijarābhayā atītaṃ;

Pubbāpararattamappamatto, anuyuñjassu daḷhaṃ karohi yogaṃ.

414.

‘‘Purimāni pamuñca bandhanāni, saṅghāṭikhuramuṇḍabhikkhabhojī;

khiḍḍāratiñca mā niddaṃ, anuyuñjittha jhāya kātiyāna.

415.

‘‘Jhāyāhi jināhi kātiyāna, yogakkhemapathesu kovidosi;

Pappuyya anuttaraṃ visuddhiṃ, parinibbāhisi vārināva joti.

416.

‘‘Pajjotakaro parittaraṃso, vātena vinamyate latāva;

Evampi tuvaṃ anādiyāno, māraṃ indasagotta niddhunāhi;

So vedayitāsu vītarāgo, kālaṃ kaṅkha idheva sītibhūto’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha uṭṭhehīti niddūpagamanato uṭṭhahanto uṭṭhānavīriyaṃ karohi. Yasmā nipajjā nāma kosajjapakkhiyā, tasmā mā sayi. Nisīdāti pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā nisīda. Kātiyānāti taṃ nāmena ālapati. Mā niddābahulo ahūti niddābahulo niddābhibhūto mā ahu. Jāgarassūti jāgara, jāgariyamanuyutto hohi. Mā taṃ alasanti jāgariyaṃ ananuyuñjantaṃ taṃ alasaṃ kusītaṃ pamattabandhu maccurājā kūṭeneva adduhanena viya nesādo migaṃ vā pakkhiṃ vā jarārogehi mā jinātu mā abhibhavatu, mā ajjhottharatūti attho.

Seyyathāpīti seyyathā api. Mahāsamuddavegoti mahāsamuddassa ūmivego. Evanti yathā nāma mahāsamuddaūmivego uparūpari uṭṭhahanto taṃ abhikkamituṃ asakkontaṃ purisaṃ abhibhavati, evaṃ jāti jarā ca kosajjābhibhūtaṃ taṃ ativattate uparūpari ajjhottharati. So karohīti so tvaṃ, kātiyāna, catūhi oghehi anajjhottharaṇīyaṃ arahattaphalasaṅkhātaṃ sudīpaṃ attano karohi attano santāne uppādehi. Na hi tāṇaṃ tava vijjateva aññanti ti hetuatthe nipāto. Yasmā tato aggaphalato aññaṃ tava tāṇaṃ nāma idha vā huraṃ vā na upalabbhati, tasmā taṃ arahattasaṅkhātaṃ sudīpaṃ karohīti.

Satthā hi vijesi maggametanti yaṃ sādhetuṃ avisahantā yato parājitā puthū aññatitthiyā, tadetaṃ tassa sudīpassa kāraṇabhūtaṃ pañcavidhasaṅgato jātiādibhayato ca atītaṃ ariyamaggaṃ devaputtamārādike abhibhavitvā tuyhaṃ satthā vijesi sādhesi. Yasmā satthu santakaṃ nāma sāvakena adhigantabbaṃ na vissajjetabbaṃ, tasmā tassa adhigamāya pubbarattāpararattaṃ purimayāmaṃ pacchimayāmañca , appamatto sato sampajāno hutvā anuyuñja yogaṃ bhāvanaṃ daḷhañca karohi.

Purimāni pamuñca bandhanānīti purimakāni gihikāle ābaddhāni gihibandhanāni kāmaguṇabandhanāni pamuñca vissajjehi, tattha anapekkho hohi. Saṅghāṭikhuramuṇḍabhikkhabhojīti saṅghāṭidhārī khurena katasiramuṇḍo bhikkhāhārabhojī, tividhampetaṃ purimabandhanapamokkhassa khiḍḍāratiniddānanuyogassa ca kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā tvaṃ saṅghāṭipāruto muṇḍo bhikkhāhāro jīvati, tasmā te kāmasukhānuyogo khiḍḍāratiniddānuyogo ca na yuttoti tato purimāni pamuñca bandhanāni khiḍḍāratiṃ niddañca mānuyuñjitthāti yojanā. Jhāyāti jhāyassu ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ anuyuñja.

Taṃ pana anuyuñjanto yena jhānena jhāyato kilesā sabbaso jitā honti, taṃ lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ anuyuñjāti dassento ‘‘jhāyāhi jināhī’’ti āha. Yogakkhemapathesu kovidosīti catūhi yogehi khemassa nibbānassa pathabhūtesu bodhipakkhiyadhammesu kusalo cheko asi, tasmā bhāvanaṃ ussukkāpento anuttaraṃ uttararahitaṃ, visuddhiṃ nibbānaṃ arahattañca pappuyya pāpuṇitvā pana tvaṃ parinibbāhisi. Vārināva jotīti mahatā salilavuṭṭhinipātena aggikhandho viya ariyamaggavuṭṭhinipātena parinibbāyissati.

Pajjotakaroti pajjotiṃ karo padīpo. Parittaraṃsoti khuddakacciko. Vinamyateti vinamīyati apaniyyati. Latāvāti valli viya. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti – yathā vaṭṭiādipaccayavekallena parittaraṃso mandapabho padīpo appikā latā vā vātena vidhamiyyati viddhaṃsiyyati, evaṃ tuvampi. Kosiyagottatāya, indasagotta, indasamānagottaṃ. Māraṃ tassa vase anāvattanā anupādānato ca anādiyāno, niddhunāhi vidhamehi viddhaṃsehi. Evaṃ pana viddhaṃsamāno so tvaṃ vedayitāsu sabbāsu vedanāsu vigatacchandarāgo idheva imasmiṃyeva attabhāve sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhābhāvena sītibhūto nibbuto attano parinibbānakālaṃ kaṅkha āgamehīti . Evaṃ satthārā anupādisesaṃ nibbānaṃ pāpetvā desanāya katāya thero desanāvasāne vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Arahattaṃ pana patvā satthārā desitaniyāmeneva imā gāthā abhāsi. Tā eva imā gāthā therassa aññābyākaraṇañca jātā.

Kātiyānattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Migajālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Sudesitotiādikā āyasmato migajālattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ visākhāya mahāupāsikāya putto hutvā nibbatti, migajālotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vihāraṃ gantvā abhiṇhaso dhammassavanena paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

417.

‘‘Sudesito cakkhumatā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;

Sabbasaṃyojanātīto, sabbavaṭṭavināsano.

418.

‘‘Niyyāniko uttaraṇo, taṇhāmūlavisosano;

Visamūlaṃ āghātanaṃ, chetvā pāpeti nibbutiṃ.

419.

‘‘Aññāṇamūlabhedāya, kammayantavighāṭano;

Viññāṇānaṃ pariggahe, ñāṇavajiranipātano.

420.

‘‘Vedanānaṃ viññāpano, upādānappamocano;

Bhavaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃva, ñāṇena anupassano.

421.

‘‘Mahāraso sugambhīro, jarāmaccunivāraṇo;

Ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, dukkhūpasamano sivo.

422.

‘‘Kammaṃ kammanti ñatvāna, vipākañca vipākato;

Paṭiccuppannadhammānaṃ, yathāvālokadassano;

Mahākhemaṅgamo santo, pariyosānabhaddako’’ti. – imā gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha sudesitoti suṭṭhu desito, veneyyajjhāsayānurūpaṃ diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthānaṃ yāthāvato vibhāvanavasena desitoti attho. Atha vā sudesitoti sammā desito, pavattinivattīnaṃ tadubhayahetūnañca aviparītato pakāsanavasena bhāsito svākhyātoti attho. Cakkhumatāti maṃsacakkhu, dibbacakkhu, paññācakkhu, buddhacakkhu, samantacakkhūti imehi pañcahi cakkhūhi cakkhumatā. Buddhenāti sabbaññubuddhena. Ādiccabandhunāti ādiccagottena. Duvidho hi loke khattiyavaṃso – ādiccavaṃso, somavaṃsoti. Tattha ādiccavaṃso, okkākarājavaṃsoti jānitabbaṃ. Tato sañjātatāya sākiyā ādiccagottāti bhagavā ‘‘ādiccabandhū’’ti vuccati. Atha vā ādiccassa bandhūtipi bhagavā ādiccabandhu, svāyamattho heṭṭhā vuttoyeva. Kāmarāgasaṃyojanādīnaṃ sabbesaṃ saṃyojanānaṃ samatikkamanabhāvato sabbasaṃyojanātīto tato eva kilesakammavipākavaṭṭānaṃ vināsanato viddhaṃsanato sabbavaṭṭavināsano, saṃsāracārakato niyyānato niyyāniko, saṃsāramahoghato samuttaraṇaṭṭhena uttaraṇo, kāmataṇhādīnaṃ sabbataṇhānaṃ mūlaṃ avijjaṃ ayoniso manasikārañca visoseti sukkhāpetīti taṇhāmūlavisosano, tiṇṇampi vedānaṃ sampaṭivedhassa viddhaṃsanato visassa dukkhassa kāraṇattā visamūlaṃ, sattānaṃ byasanuppattiṭṭhānatāya āghātanaṃ kammaṃ kilesaṃ vā chetvā samucchinditvā nibbutiṃ nibbānaṃ pāpeti.

Aññāṇassa mūlaṃ ayoniso manasikāro āsavā ca ‘‘āsavasamudayā avijjāsamudayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.103) hi vuttaṃ, tassa bhedāya vajirūpamañāṇena bhindanatthāya. Atha vā ‘‘avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’’tiādivacanato (vibha. 225-226; saṃ. ni. 2.1) aññāṇaṃ mūlaṃ etassāti aññāṇamūlaṃ, bhavacakkaṃ, tassa maggañāṇavajirena padālanatthaṃ desitoti sambandho. Kammayantavighāṭanoti kammaghaṭitassa attabhāvayantassa viddhaṃsano. Viññāṇānaṃ pariggaheti kāmabhavādīsu yathāsakakammunā viññāṇaggahaṇe upaṭṭhiteti vacanaseso. Tattha tattha hi bhave paṭisandhiyā gahitāya taṃtaṃbhavanissitaviññāṇānipi gahitāneva honti. Ñāṇavajiranipātanoti ñāṇavajirassa nipāto, ñāṇavajiraṃ nipātetvā tesaṃ padāletā. Lokuttaradhammo hi uppajjamāno sattamabhavādīsu uppajjanārahāni viññāṇāni bhindattameva uppajjatīti.

Vedanānaṃ viññāpanoti sukhādīnaṃ tissannaṃ vedanānaṃ yathākkamaṃ dukkhasallāniccavasena yāthāvato pavedako. Upādānappamocanoti kāmupādānādīhi catūhipi upādānehi cittasantānassa vimocako. Bhavaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃva, ñāṇena anupassanoti kāmabhavādinavavidhampi bhavaṃ ekādasahi aggīhi ādittabhāvato sādhikaporisaṃ aṅgārakāsuṃ viya maggañāṇena anupaccakkhato dassetā.

Santapaṇītabhāvato atittikaraṭṭhena mahāraso pariññādivasena vā mahākiccatāya sāmaññaphalavasena mahāsampattitāya ca mahāraso, anupacitasambhārehi duravagāhatāya alabbhaneyyapatiṭṭhatāya ca suṭṭhu gambhīro jarāmaccunivāraṇo, āyatiṃ bhavābhinipphattiyā nivattanena jarāya maccuno ca paṭisedhako. Idāni yathāvuttaguṇavisesayuttaṃ dhammaṃ sarūpato dassento ‘‘ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko’’ti vatvā punapi tassa katipaye guṇe vibhāvetuṃ ‘‘dukkhūpasamano sivo’’tiādimāha. Tassattho – parisuddhaṭṭhena ariyo, sammādiṭṭhiādiaṭṭhadhammasamodhānatāya aṭṭhaṅgiko, nibbānagavesanaṭṭhena maggo sakalavaṭṭadukkhavūpasamanaṭṭhena dukkhavūpasamano, khemaṭṭhena sivo.

Yathā ito bāhirakasamaye asammāsambuddhapaveditattā kammavipāko vipallāso siyāti evaṃ avipallāsetvā paṭiccuppannadhammānaṃ paṭiccasamuppannesu dhammesu kammaṃ kammanti vipākañca vipākato ñatvāna pubbabhāgañāṇena jānanahetu sassatucchedaggāhānaṃ vidhamanena yāthāvato ālokadassano takkarassa lokuttarañāṇālokassa dassano. Kenaci kañci kadācipi anupaddutattā mahākhemaṃ nibbānaṃ gacchati satte gameti cāti mahākhemaṅgamo, sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhavūpasamanato santo, akuppāya cetovimuttiyā anupādisesāya ca nibbānadhātuyā pāpanena pariyosānabhaddako sudesito cakkhumatāti yojanā.

Evaṃ thero nānānayehi ariyadhammaṃ pasaṃsanto tassa dhammassa attanā adhigatabhāvaṃ aññāpadesena pakāsesi.

Migajālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Purohitaputtajentattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Jātimadena mattohantiādikā āyasmato jentattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kosalarañño purohitassa putto hutvā nibbatti, tassa jentoti nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto jātimadena bhogaissariyarūpamadena ca matto aññe hīḷento garuṭṭhāniyānampi apacitiṃ akaronto mānathaddho vicarati. So ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ mahatiyā parisāya parivutaṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ disvā upasaṅkamanto ‘‘sace maṃ samaṇo gotamo paṭhamaṃ ālapissati, ahampi ālapissāmi; no ce, nālapissāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppādetvā upasaṅkamitvā ṭhito bhagavati paṭhamaṃ anālapante sayampi mānena anālapitvā gamanākāraṃ dassesi. Taṃ bhagavā –

‘‘Na mānaṃ brāhmaṇa sādhu, atthikassīdha brāhmaṇa;

Yena atthena āgacchi, tamevamanubrūhaye’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.201) –

Gāthāya ajjhabhāsi. So ‘‘cittaṃ me samaṇo gotamo jānātī’’ti abhippasanno bhagavato pādesu sirasā nipatitvā paramanipaccākāraṃ katvā –

‘‘Kesu na mānaṃ kayirātha, kesu cassa sagāravo;

Kyassa apacitā assu, kyassu sādhu supūjitā’’ti. –

Pucchi. Tassa bhagavā –

‘‘Mātari pitari cāpi, atho jeṭṭhamhi bhātari;

Ācariye catutthamhi, samaṇabrāhmaṇesu ca.

‘‘Tesu na mānaṃ kayirātha, tesu assa sagāravo;

Kyassa apacitā assu, tyassu sādhu supūjitā.

‘‘Arahante sītibhūte, katakicce anāsave;

Nihacca mānaṃ atthaddho, te namasse anuttare’’ti. (saṃ. ni. 1.201) –

Pañhaṃ vissajjento dhammaṃ desesi. So tāya desanāya sotāpanno hutvā pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto arahattaṃ patvā attano paṭipattikittanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

423.

‘‘Jātimadena mattohaṃ, bhogaissariyena ca;

Saṇṭhānavaṇṇarūpena, madamatto acārihaṃ.

424.

‘‘Nāttano samakaṃ kañci, atirekañca maññisaṃ;

Atimānahato bālo, patthaddho ussitaddhajo.

425.

‘‘Mātaraṃ pitarañcāpi, aññepi garusammate;

Na kañci abhivādesiṃ, mānatthaddho anādaro.

426.

‘‘Disvā vināyakaṃ aggaṃ, sārathīnaṃ varuttamaṃ;

Tapantamiva ādiccaṃ, bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhataṃ.

427.

‘‘Mānaṃ madañca chaḍḍetvā, vippasannena cetasā;

Sirasā abhivādesiṃ, sabbasattānamuttamaṃ.

428.

‘‘Atimāno ca omāno, pahīnā susamūhatā;

Asmimāno samucchinno, sabbe mānavidhā hatā’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha jātimadena mattohanti ahaṃ udicce brāhmaṇakule nibbatto, ‘‘na mādiso ubhato sujāto añño atthī’’ti kulamānena matto mānathaddho acārinti yojanā. Bhogaissariyena cāti vibhavena ādhipaccena ca hetubhūtena bhogasampadañca issariyasampadañca paṭicca uppannamadena matto ahaṃ acārinti yojanā. Saṇṭhānavaṇṇarūpenāti saṇṭhānaṃ ārohapariṇāhasampatti, vaṇṇo odātasāmatādichavisampatti, rūpaṃ aṅgapaccaṅgasobhā. Idhāpi vuttanayena yojanā veditabbā. Madamattoti vuttappakārato aññenapi madena matto.

Nāttanosamakaṃ kañcīti attano samakaṃ sadisaṃ jātiādīhi samānaṃ atirekaṃ vā kañci na maññisaṃ na maññiṃ, mayā samānampi na maññiṃ, kuto adhikanti adhippāyo. Atimānahato bāloti bālo ahaṃ tato bālabhāvato atimānena khatūpahatakusalācāro, tato eva patthaddho ussitaddhajo thambhavasena garūnampi nipaccakārassa akaraṇato bhusaṃ thaddho anonamanathaddhajāto ussitamānaddhajo.

Vuttamevatthaṃ pākaṭataraṃ kātuṃ ‘‘mātara’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha aññeti jeṭṭhabhātuādike, samaṇabrāhmaṇe ca. Garusammateti garūti sammate garuṭṭhāniye. Anādaroti ādararahito.

Disvā vināyakaṃ agganti evaṃ mānathaddho hutvā vicaranto diṭṭhadhammikasamparāyikaparamatthehi veneyyānaṃ vinayanato sayambhutāya nāyakabhāvato ca vināyakaṃ. Sadevake loke sīlādiguṇehi seṭṭhabhāvato aggaṃ. Purisadammānaṃ accantatāya damanato sārathīnaṃ varuttamaṃ, ativiya uttamaṃ byāmappabhādiobhāsena ādiccamiva tapantaṃ, obhāsantaṃ bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhataṃ dhammaṃ desentaṃ sabbasattānaṃ uttamaṃ satthāraṃ disvā buddhānubhāvena santajjito ‘‘ahameva seṭṭho, aññe hīnā’’ti pavattamānaṃ bhogamadādimadañca chaḍḍetvā pahāya vippasannena cetasā sirasā abhivādesinti yojanā. Kathaṃ panāyaṃ mānathaddho samāno satthu dassanamattena mānaṃ pahāsīti? Na kho panetaṃ evaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Satthu dassanamattena mānaṃ na pahāsi ‘‘na mānaṃ, brāhmaṇa, sādhū’’tiādikāya pana desanāya mānaṃ pahāsi. Taṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ ‘‘mānaṃ madañca chaḍḍetvā, vippasannena cetasā. Sirasā abhivādesi’’nti. Vippasannena cetasāti ca itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.

‘‘Ahameva seṭṭho’’ti pavatto māno atimāno. ‘‘Ime pana nihīnā’’ti aññe hīnato dahantassa māno ‘‘omāno’’ti vadanti. ‘‘Seyyohamasmī’’ti pana aññaṃ atikkamitvā attānaṃ seyyato dahantassa pavatto seyyamāno atimāno. ‘‘Hīnohamasmī’’ti pavatto hīnamāno omāno. Pahīnā susamūhatāti heṭṭhimamaggehi pahīnā hutvā aggamaggena suṭṭhu samugghāṭitā. Asmimānoti ‘‘esohamasmī’’ti khandhe ‘‘aha’’nti gahaṇavasena pavattamāno. Sabbeti na kevalaṃ atimānaomānaasmimānā eva, atha kho seyyassa seyyamānādayo navavidhā antarabhedena anekavidhā ca sabbe mānavidhā mānakoṭṭhāsā hatā aggamaggena samugghāṭitāti.

Purohitaputtajentattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Sumanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yadānavo pabbajitotiādikā āyasmato sumanattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto sikhissa bhagavato kāle mālākārakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ sikhiṃ bhagavantaṃ passitvā pasannamānaso sumanapupphehi pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde aññatarassa upāsakassa gehe paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi. So ca upāsako āyasmato anuruddhattherassa upaṭṭhāko ahosi. Tassa ca tato pubbe jātājātā dārakā mariṃsu. Tena so ‘‘sacāhaṃ idāni ekaṃ puttaṃ labhissāmi, ayyassa anuruddhattherassa santike pabbājessāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppādesi. So ca dasamāsaccayena jāto arogoyeva hutvā anukkamena vaḍḍhento sattavassiko ahosi, taṃ pitā therassa santike pabbājesi. So pabbajitvā tato paripakkañāṇattā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño hutvā theraṃ upaṭṭhahanto ‘‘pānīyaṃ āharissāmī’’ti ghaṭaṃ ādāya iddhiyā anotattadahaṃ agamāsi. Atheko micchādiṭṭhiko nāgarājā anotattadahaṃ paṭicchādento sattakkhattuṃ bhogena parikkhipitvā upari mahantaṃ phaṇaṃ katvā sumanassa pānīyaṃ gahetuṃ okāsaṃ na deti. Sumano garuḷarūpaṃ gahetvā taṃ nāgarājaṃ abhibhavitvā pānīyaṃ gahetvā therassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ uddissa ākāsena gacchati. Taṃ satthā jetavane nisinno tathā gacchantaṃ disvā dhammasenāpatiṃ āmantetvā, ‘‘sāriputta, imaṃ passā’’tiādinā catūhi gāthāhi tassa guṇe abhāsi. Atha sumanatthero –

429.

‘‘Yadā navo pabbajito, jātiyā sattavassiko;

Iddhiyā abhibhotvāna, pannagindaṃ mahiddhikaṃ.

430.

‘‘Upajjhāyassa udakaṃ, anotattā mahāsarā;

Āharāmi tato disvā, maṃ satthā etadabravi.

431.

‘‘Sāriputta imaṃ passa, āgacchantaṃ kumārakaṃ;

Udakakumbhamādāya, ajjhattaṃ susamāhitaṃ.

432.

‘‘Pāsādikena vattena, kalyāṇairiyāpatho;

Sāmaṇeronuruddhassa, iddhiyā ca visārado.

433.

‘‘Ājānīyena ājañño, sādhunā sādhukārito;

Vinīto anuruddhena, katakiccena sikkhito.

434.

‘‘So patvā paramaṃ santiṃ, sacchikatvā akuppataṃ;

Sāmaṇero sa sumano, mā maṃ jaññāti icchatī’’ti. –

Aññābyākaraṇavasena cha gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ādito dve gāthā sumanatthereneva bhāsitā, itarā catasso taṃ pasaṃsantena satthārā bhāsitā. Tā sabbā ekajjhaṃ katvā sumanatthero pacchā aññābyākaraṇavasena abhāsi. Tattha pannagindanti nāgarājaṃ. Tatoti tattha, yadā navo pabbajito jātiyā sattavassiko iddhibalena mahiddhikaṃ nāgarājaṃ abhibhavitvā anotattadahato upajjhāyassa pānīyaṃ āharāmi, tasmiṃ kāleti attho.

Maṃ uddissa mayhaṃ satthā etadabravi, taṃ dassento, ‘‘sāriputta, imaṃ passā’’tiādimāha. Ajjhattaṃ susamāhitanti visayajjhattabhūtena aggaphalasamādhinā suṭṭhu samāhitaṃ.

Pāsādikena vattenāti passantānaṃ pasādāvahena ācāravattena, karaṇatthe idaṃ karaṇavacanaṃ. Kalyāṇairiyāpathoti sampanniriyāpatho. Pāsādikena vattenāti vā itthambhūtalakkhaṇe karaṇavacanaṃ. Samaṇassa bhāvo sāmaṇyaṃ, sāmaññanti attho. Tadatthaṃ īrati pavattatīti sāmaṇero, samaṇuddeso. Iddhiyā ca visāradoti iddhiyampi byatto sukusalo. Ājānīyenāti purisājānīyena. Attahitaparahitānaṃ sādhanato sādhunā katakiccena anuruddhena sādhu ubhayahitasādhako, suṭṭhu vā ājañño kārito damito. Aggavijjāya vinīto asekkhabhāvāpādanena sikkhito sikkhāpitoti attho.

So sāmaṇero sumano paramaṃ santiṃ nibbānaṃ patvā aggamaggādhigamena adhigantvā sacchikatvā attapaccakkhaṃ katvā akuppataṃ arahattaphalaṃ appicchabhāvassa paramukkaṃsagatattā mā maṃ jaññāti maṃ ‘‘ayaṃ khīṇāsavo’’ti vā ‘‘chaḷabhiñño’’ti vā kocipi mā jāneyyāti icchati abhikaṅkhatīti.

Sumanattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

11. Nhātakamunittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Vātarogābhinītotiādikā āyasmato nhātakamunissa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā vayappatto vijjāṭṭhānādīsu nipphattiṃ gato nhātakalakkhaṇayogena nhātakoti paññāyittha. So tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā rājagahassa tiyojanappamāṇe ṭhāne araññāyatane nīvārehi yāpento aggiṃ paricārayamāno vasati. Tassa satthā ghaṭe viya padīpaṃ hadayabbhantare pajjalantaṃ arahattūpanissayaṃ disvā assamapadaṃ agamāsi. So bhagavantaṃ disvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho attano upakappananiyāmena āhāraṃ upanesi. Taṃ bhagavā paribhuñji. Evaṃ tayo divase datvā catutthadivase ‘‘bhagavā tumhe paramasukhumālā, kathaṃ iminā āhārena yāpethā’’ti āha. Tassa satthā ariyasantosaguṇaṃ pakāsento dhammaṃ desesi. Tāpaso taṃ sutvā sotāpanno hutvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Bhagavā taṃ arahatte patiṭṭhapetvā gato. So pana tattheva viharanto aparabhāge vātābādhena upadduto ahosi. Satthā tattha gantvā paṭisanthāramukhena tassa vihāraṃ pucchanto –

435.

‘‘Vātarogābhinīto tvaṃ, viharaṃ kānane vane;

Paviddhagocare lūkhe, kathaṃ bhikkhu karissasī’’ti. – gāthamāha; Atha thero –

436.

‘‘Pītisukhena vipulena, pharitvāna samussayaṃ;

Lūkhampi abhisambhonto, viharissāmi kānane.

437.

‘‘Bhāvento satta bojjhaṅge, indriyāni balāni ca;

Jhānasokhummasampanno, viharissaṃ anāsavo.

438.

‘‘Vippamuttaṃ kilesehi, suddhacittaṃ anāvilaṃ;

Abhiṇhaṃ paccavekkhanto, viharissaṃ anāsavo.

439.

‘‘Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, ye me vijjiṃsu āsavā;

Sabbe asesā ucchinnā, na ca uppajjare puna.

440.

‘‘Pañcakkhandhā pariññātā, tiṭṭhanti chinnamūlakā;

Dukkhakkhayo anuppatto, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. –

Imāhi sesagāthāhi attano vihāraṃ satthu pavedesi.

Tattha jhānasokhummasampannoti jhānasukhumabhāvena samannāgato. Jhānasukhumaṃ nāma arūpajjhānaṃ, tasmā aṭṭhasamāpattilābhimhīti vuttaṃ hoti. Tena attano ubhatobhāgavimuttitaṃ dasseti. Apare panāhu – ‘‘sokhummanti aggamaggaphalesu adhipaññāsikkhā adhippetā, tato jhānaggahaṇena attano ubhatobhāgavimuttitaṃ vibhāvetī’’ti. Vippamuttaṃ kilesehīti paṭippassaddhivimuttiyā sabbakilesehi vimuttaṃ, tato eva suddhacittaṃ, anāvilasaṅkappatāya anāvilaṃ, tīhipi padehi arahattaphalacittameva vadati. Sesaṃ heṭṭhā vuttanayameva. Imameva ca therassa aññābyākaraṇaṃ ahosīti.

Nhātakamunittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

12. Brahmadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Akkodhassātiādikā āyasmato brahmadattattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kosalarañño putto hutvā nibbatti, brahmadattotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto jetavanamahe buddhānubhāvaṃ disvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto saha paṭisambhidāhi chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ nagare piṇḍāya carantaṃ aññataro brāhmaṇo akkosi. Thero taṃ sutvāpi tuṇhībhūto piṇḍāya caratiyeva, brāhmaṇo punapi akkosiyeva. Manussā evaṃ akkosantampi naṃ ‘‘ayaṃ thero na kiñci bhaṇatī’’ti āhaṃsu. Taṃ sutvā thero tesaṃ manussānaṃ dhammaṃ desento –

441.

‘‘Akkodhassa kuto kodho, dantassa samajīvino;

Sammadaññā vimuttassa, upasantassa tādino.

442.

‘‘Tasseva tena pāpiyo, yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati;

Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ.

443.

‘‘Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati, attano ca parassa ca;

Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, yo sato upasammati.

444.

‘‘Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantaṃ taṃ, attano ca parassa ca;

Janā maññanti bāloti, ye dhammassa akovidā. (saṃ. ni. 1.189);

445.

‘‘Uppajje te sace kodho, āvajja kakacūpamaṃ;

Uppajje ce rase taṇhā, puttamaṃsūpamaṃ sara.

446.

‘‘Sace dhāvati cittaṃ te, kāmesu ca bhavesu ca;

Khippaṃ niggaṇha satiyā, kiṭṭhādaṃ viya duppasu’’nti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha akkodhassāti kodharahitassa maggena samucchinnakodhassa. Kuto kodhoti kuto nāma hetu kodho uppajjeyya, tassa uppattikāraṇaṃ natthīti attho. Dantassāti uttamena damena aggamaggadamathena dantassa. Samajīvinoti kāyavisamādīni sabbaso pahāya kāyasamādīnaṃ vasena samaṃ jīvantassa sattaṭṭhāniyena sampajaññena sammadeva vattantassa. Sammadaññā vimuttassāti sammā aññāya abhiññeyyādike dhamme jānitvā sabbāsavehi vippamuttassa. Tato eva sabbakilesadarathapariḷāhavūpasamena upasantassa. Iṭṭhādīsu tādilakkhaṇappattiyā tādino khīṇāsavassa kuto kodhoti aññāpadesena thero attano kodhābhāvaṃ tassa ca kāraṇāni vatvā idāni kodhe akodhe ca ādīnavānisaṃsadassanena dhammaṃ kathento ‘‘tassevā’’tiādimāha. Tattha yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhatīti yo puggalo attano upari kuddhaṃ kupitaṃ puggalaṃ paṭikujjhati, tasseva tena paṭikujjhanapaccakkosanapaṭippaharaṇādinā pāpiyo idhaloke viññūgarahādivasena paraloke nirayadukkhādivasena abhaddakataraṃ akalyāṇataraṃ hoti. Kujjhanena pana akuddhassa pāpaṃ hotīti vattabbameva natthi. Keci pana ‘‘yo akuddhaṃ paṭikuddhaṃ ārabbha kujjhatī’’ti atthaṃ vadanti. Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhantoti yo pana kuddhaṃ puggalaṃ ‘‘ayaṃ kuddho kodhapareto’’ti ñatvā na paṭikujjhati khamati, so dujjayaṃ kilesasaṅgāmaṃ jeti nāma. Na kevalañcassa kilesasaṅgāmajayo eva, atha kho ubhayahitapaṭipattimpīti dassento āha ‘‘ubhinnamatthaṃ…pe… upasammatī’’ti. Yo paraṃ puggalaṃ saṅkupitaṃ kuddhaṃ ‘‘kodhapareto’’ti ñatvā taṃ mettāyanto ajjhupekkhanto vā sato sampajāno hutvā upasammati khamati na paṭippharati. So attano ca parassa cāti ubhinnaṃ ubhayalokasukhāvahaṃ atthaṃ hitaṃ carati.

Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantaṃ tanti taṃ attano ca parassa cāti ubhinnaṃ dvinnaṃ kodhabyādhitikicchāya tikicchantaṃ khamantaṃ puggalaṃ ye janā dhammassa ariyācāradhamme akusalā, te bālā ‘‘ayaṃ aviddasu yo attānaṃ akkosantassa paharantassa kiñci na karotī’’ti maññanti , taṃ tesaṃ ayoniso maññananti adhippāyo. ‘‘Tikicchana’’ntipi paṭhanti, tikicchanasabhāvanti attho.

Evaṃ therena vuccamānaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā akkosakabrāhmaṇo saṃviggo pasannacitto ca hutvā theraṃ khamāpetvā tasseva santike pabbaji. Thero tassa kammaṭṭhānaṃ dento ‘‘imassa mettābhāvanā yuttā’’ti mettākammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā kodhapariyuṭṭhānādīsu paccavekkhaṇādividhiṃ dassento ‘‘uppajje te’’tiādimāha. Tattha uppajje te saceti sace te kammaṭṭhānaṃ anuyuñjantassa kañci puggalaṃ nissāya ciraparicayo kodho uppajjeyya, tassa vūpasamāya –

‘‘Ubhatodaṇḍakena cepi, bhikkhave, kakacena corā ocarakā aṅgamaṅgāni okanteyyuṃ, tatrāpi yo mano padūseyya, na me so tena sāsanakaro’’ti (ma. ni. 1.232) –

Satthārā vuttaṃ kakacūpamaṃ ovādaṃ āvajjehi. Uppajje ce rase taṇhāti sace te madhurādibhede rase taṇhā abhilāso uppajjeyya, tassa vūpasamāya –

‘‘Puttamaṃsaṃ jāyampatikā yathā kantāranittharaṇatthameva khādiṃsu, na rasataṇhāya evaṃ kulaputtopi pabbajito piṇḍapātaṃ paṭisevati…pe… phāsuvihāro cā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 2.63 atthato samānaṃ) –

Evaṃ vuttaṃ puttamaṃsūpamovādaṃ sara anussara.

Sace dhāvati te cittanti ayoniso manasi karoto tava cittaṃ kāmesu pañcakāmaguṇesu chandarāgavasena, kāmabhavādīsu bhavesu bhavapatthanāvasena sace dhāvati sarati javati. Khippaṃ niggaṇha satiyā, kiṭṭhādaṃviya duppasunti tathā dhāvituṃ adento yathā nāma puriso kiṭṭhādaṃ sassakhādakaṃ duppasuṃ duṭṭhagoṇaṃ yottena thambhe bandhitvā attano vase vatteti, evaṃ satiyā satiyottena sammādhithambhe bandhanto khippaṃ sīghameva niggaṇha, yathā kilesavigamena nibbisevanaṃ hoti, tathā damehīti. Keci pana ‘‘thero puthujjanova hutvā akkosaṃ adhivāsento tesaṃ manussānaṃ ariyaguṇe pakāsento dhammaṃ kathetvā pacchā dvīhi gāthāhi attānaṃ ovadanto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā aññaṃ byākaronto imāyeva gāthā abhāsī’’ti vadanti.

Brahmadattattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

13. Sirimaṇḍattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Channamativassatītiādikā āyasmato sirimaṇḍattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde saṃsumāragire brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā sirimaṇḍoti laddhanāmo vayappatto bhesakalāvane bhagavati viharante satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā laddhūpasampado samaṇadhammaṃ karonto ekasmiṃ uposathadivase pātimokkhuddesaṭṭhāne nisinno nidānuddesassa pariyosāne ‘‘āvikatā hissa phāsu hotī’’ti (mahāva. 134) pāḷiyā atthaṃ upadhārento āpannaṃ āpattiṃ anāvikatvā paṭicchādento uparūpari āpattiyo āpajjati, tenassa na phāsu hoti, āvikatvā pana yathādhammaṃ paṭikarontassa phāsu hotīti imamatthaṃ manasi katvā ‘‘aho satthu sāsanaṃ suvisuddha’’nti laddhappasādo tathā uppannaṃ pītiṃ vikkhambhetvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā pasannamānaso bhikkhūnaṃ ovādaṃ dento –

447.

‘‘Channamativassati, vivaṭaṃ nātivassati;

Tasmā channaṃ vivaretha, evaṃ taṃ nātivassati.

448.

‘‘Maccunābbhāhato loko, jarāya parivārito;

Taṇhāsallena otiṇṇo, icchādhūpāyito sadā. (saṃ. ni. 1.66);

449.

‘‘Maccunābbhāhato loko, parikkhitto jarāya ca;

Haññati niccamattāṇo, pattadaṇḍova takkaro.

450.

‘‘Āgacchantaggikhandhāva, maccu byādhi jarā tayo;

Paccuggantuṃ balaṃ natthi, javo natthi palāyituṃ.

451.

‘‘Amoghaṃ divasaṃ kayirā, appena bahukena vā;

Yaṃ yaṃ vijahate rattiṃ, tadūnaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ.

452.

‘‘Carato tiṭṭhato vāpi, āsīnasayanassa vā;

Upeti carimā ratti, na te kālo pamajjitu’’nti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha channanti chāditaṃ yathābhūtaṃ avivaṭaṃ appakāsitaṃ duccaritaṃ. Ativassatīti āpattivassañceva kilesavassañca ativiya vassati. Āpattiyā hi chādanaṃ alajjibhāvādinā tādisova, chādanena tato aññathāva punapi tathārūpaṃ tato vā pāpiṭṭhataraṃ āpattiṃ āpajjeyyāti chādanaṃ vassanassa kāraṇaṃ vuttaṃ. Vivaṭanti pakāsitaṃ appaṭicchannaṃ. Nātivassatīti ettha atīti upasaggamattaṃ, na vassatīti attho. Avassanañcettha vuttavipariyāyena veditabbaṃ cittasantānassa visodhitattā. Tasmāti vuttamevatthaṃ kāraṇabhāvena paccāmasati, channassa duccaritassa āpattivassādīnaṃ ativassanato vivaṭassa ca avassanatoti attho. Channaṃ vivarethāti puthujjanabhāvena chādanādhippāye uppannepi taṃ ananuvattitvā vivaretha āvikareyya, yathādhammaṃ paṭikareyya. Evanti vivaraṇena yathādhammaṃ paṭipattiyā. Tanti taṃ channaṃ duccaritaṃ. Nātivassati āpattivassaṃ kilesavassañca na vassati, suddhante puggalaṃ patiṭṭhapetīti attho.

Idāni ‘‘ekaṃsena sīghaṃyeva ca attā sodhetabbo, appamādo kātabbo’’ti tassa kāraṇaṃ saṃvegavatthuṃ dassento ‘‘maccunābbhāhato loko’’tiādimāha. Tattha maccunābbhāhato lokoti ayaṃ sabbopi sattaloko coro viya coraghātakena, sabbavaṭṭanipātinā maccunā maraṇena abhihato, na tassa hatthato muccati. Jarāya parivāritoti ayaṃ loko uppādato uddhaṃ maraṇūpanayanarasāya jarāya parivārito ajjhotthaṭo, jarāsaṅghātaparimukkoti attho. Taṇhāsallena otiṇṇoti sarīrassa anto nimuggena visapītakhurappena viya upādānalakkhaṇena taṇhāsaṅkhātena sallena otiṇṇo hadayabbhantare ogāḷho. Taṇhā hi pīḷājananato anto tudanato duruddhārato ca ‘‘sallo’’ti vuccati. Icchādhūpāyitoti ārammaṇābhipatthanalakkhaṇāya icchāya santāpito. Taṃ visayaṃ icchanto hi puggalo yadicchitaṃ visayaṃ labhanto vā alabhanto vā tāya eva anudahanalakkhaṇāya icchāya santatto pariḷāhappatto hoti. Sadāti sabbakālaṃ, idañca padaṃ sabbapadesu yojetabbaṃ.

Parikkhitto jarāya cāti na kevalaṃ maccunā abbhāhatoyeva, atha kho jarāya ca parikkhitto. Jarāya samavaruddho jarāpākāraparikkhitto, na taṃ samatikkamatīti attho. Haññati niccamattāṇoti atāṇo asaraṇo hutvā niccakālaṃ jarāmaraṇehi haññati vibādhīyati. Yathā kiṃ? Pattadaṇḍova takkaro yathā takkaro coro katāparādho vajjhappatto atāṇo rājāṇāya haññati, evamayaṃ loko jarāmaraṇehīti dasseti.

Āgacchantaggikhandhāvāti mahāvane ḍayhamāne taṃ abhibhavantā mahantā aggikkhandhā viya maccu byādhi jarāti ime tayo anudahanaṭṭhena aggikkhandhā imaṃ sattalokaṃ abhibhavantā āgacchanti , tesaṃ pana paṭibalo hutvā paccuggantuṃ abhibhavituṃ balaṃ ussāho natthi, imassa lokassa, javo natthi palāyituṃ javantesu, ajjhottharantesu. Yattha te nābhibhavanti, piṭṭhiṃ dassetvā tato palāyitumpi imassa lokassa jaṅghājavo natthi, evaṃ attanā asamattho māyādīhi upāyehi appaṭikāre tividhe balavati paccāmitte niccupaṭṭhite kiṃ kātabbanti ce? Amoghaṃdivasaṃ kayirā, appena bahukena vāti appena antamaso gaddūhanamattampi kālaṃ pavattitena bahukena vā sakalaṃ ahorattaṃ pavattitena vipassanāmanasikārena amoghaṃ avañjhaṃ divasaṃ kareyya, yasmā yaṃ yaṃ vijahate rattiṃ, tadūnaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ ayaṃ satto yaṃ yaṃ rattiṃ vijahati nāseti khepeti, tadūnaṃ tena ūnaṃ tassa sattassa jīvitaṃ hoti. Etena rattikkhayo nāma jīvitakkhayo tassa anivattanatoti dasseti. Tenāha –

‘‘Yamekarattiṃ paṭhamaṃ, gabbhe vasati māṇavo;

Abbhuṭṭhitova so yāti, sa gacchaṃ na nivattatī’’ti. (jā. 1.15.363);

Na kevalaṃ rattivaseneva, atha kho iriyāpathavasenāpi jīvitakkhayo upadhāretabboti āha ‘‘carato’’tiādi. Caratoti gacchantassa. Tiṭṭhatoti ṭhitaṃ kappentassa. Āsīnasayanassa vāti āsīnassa sayanassa vā, nisinnassa nipajjantassa vāti attho. ‘‘Āsīdana’’ntipi paṭhanti, tattha sāmiatthe upayogavacanaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ. Upeti carimā rattīti carimakacittasahitā ratti upagacchati, rattiggahaṇañcettha desanāsīsamattaṃ. Gamanādīsu yena kenaci iriyāpathena samaṅgībhūtassa carimakāloyeva, tenevassa iriyāpathakkhaṇā jīvitaṃ khepetvā eva gacchanti, tasmā na te kālo pamajjituṃ nāyaṃ tuyhaṃ pamādaṃ āpajjituṃ kālo ‘‘imasmiṃ nāma kāle maraṇaṃ na hotī’’ti aviditattā. Vuttaṃ hi –

‘‘Animittamanaññātaṃ, maccānaṃ idha jīvitaṃ;

Kasirañca parittañca, tañca dukkhena saṃyuta’’nti. (su. ni. 579);

Tasmā evaṃ attānaṃ ovaditvā appamattena tīsu sikkhāsu anuyogo kātabboti adhippāyo.

Sirimaṇḍattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

14. Sabbakāmittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Dvipādakotiādikā āyasmato sabbakāmittherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato sāsane uppannaṃ abbudaṃ sodhetvā paṭipākatikaṃ ṭhapentaṃ ekaṃ theraṃ disvā, ‘‘ahampi anāgate ekassa buddhassa sāsane abbudaṃ sodhetvā paṭipākatikaṃ ṭhapetuṃ samattho bhaveyya’’nti patthanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā tadanurūpāni puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde aparinibbute eva bhagavati vesāliyaṃ khattiyakule nibbattitvā sabbakāmoti laddhanāmo vayappatto ñātakehi dārapariggahaṃ kārito nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya gharāvāsaṃ jigucchanto dhammabhaṇḍāgārikassa santike pabbajitvā samaṇadhammaṃ karonto upajjhāyena saddhiṃ vesāliṃ upagato ñātigharaṃ agamāsi. Tattha naṃ purāṇadutiyikā pativiyogadukkhitā kisā dubbaṇṇā analaṅkatā kiliṭṭhavatthanivasanā vanditvā rodamānā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Taṃ disvā therassa karuṇāpurassaraṃ mettaṃ upaṭṭhāpayato anubhūtārammaṇe ayonisomanasikāravasena sahasā kileso uppajji.

So tena kasāhi tāḷito ājānīyo viya sañjātasaṃvego tāvadeva susānaṃ gantvā, asubhanimittaṃ uggahetvā, tattha paṭiladdhajhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā, vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā, arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Athassa sasuro alaṅkatapaṭiyattaṃ dhītaraṃ ādāya mahatā parivārena naṃ uppabbājetukāmo vihāraṃ agamāsi. Thero tassā adhippāyaṃ ñatvā attano kāmesu virattabhāvaṃ sabbattha ca anupalittataṃ pakāsento –

453.

‘‘Dvipādakoyaṃ asuci, duggandho parihīrati;

Nānākuṇapaparipūro, vissavanto tato tato.

454.

‘‘Migaṃ nilīnaṃ kūṭena, baḷiseneva ambujaṃ;

Vānaraṃ viya lepena, bādhayanti puthujjanaṃ.

455.

‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phoṭṭhabbā ca manoramā;

Pañca kāmaguṇā ete, itthirūpasmi dissare.

456.

‘‘Ye etā upasevanti, rattacittā puthujjanā;

Vaḍḍhenti kaṭasiṃ ghoraṃ, ācinanti punabbhavaṃ.

457.

‘‘Yo cetā parivajjeti, sappasseva padā siro;

Somaṃ visattikaṃ loke, sato samativattati.

458.

‘‘Kāmesvādīnavaṃ disvā, nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato;

Nissaṭo sabbakāmehi, patto me āsavakkhayo’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha dvipādakoti yadipi apādakādayopi kāyā asucīyeva, adhikāravasena pana ukkaṭṭhaparicchedena vā evaṃ vuttaṃ. Yasmā vā aññe asucibhūtāpi kāyā loṇambilādīhi abhisaṅkharitvā manussānaṃ bhojanepi upanīyanti, na pana manussakāyo, tasmā asucitarasabhāvamassa dassento ‘‘dvipādako’’ti āha. Ayanti tadā upaṭṭhitaṃ itthirūpaṃ sandhāyāha. Asucīti asuci eva, na ettha kiñcipi sucīti attho. Duggandho parihīratīti duggandho samāno pupphagandhādīhi saṅkharitvā pariharīyati. Nānākuṇapaparipūroti kesādianekappakārakuṇapabharito. Vissavanto tato tatoti pupphagandhādīhissa jegucchabhāvaṃ paṭicchādetuṃ vāyamantānampi taṃ vāyāmaṃ nipphalaṃ katvā navahi dvārehi kheḷasiṅghāṇikādīni lomakūpehi ca sedajallikaṃ ‘vissavantoyeva parihīratī’ti sambandho.

Evaṃ jegucchopi samāno cāyaṃ kāyo kūṭādīhi viya migādike attano rūpādīhi andhaputhujjane vañcetiyevāti dassento ‘‘miga’’ntiādimāha. Tattha migaṃ nilīnaṃ kūṭenāti pāsavākarādinā kūṭena nilīnaṃ, paṭicchannaṃ katvā migaṃ viya nesādo. Vakkhamāno hi iva-saddo idhāpi ānetvā yojetabbo. Baḷiseneva ambujanti ambujaṃ macchaṃ āmisabaddhena baḷisena viya bāḷisiko. Vānaraṃ viya lepenāti rukkhasilādīsu pakkhittena makkaṭalepena makkaṭaṃ viya migaluddo andhaputhujjanaṃ vañcento bādhentīti.

Ke pana bādhentīti āha. ‘‘Rūpā saddā’’tiādi. Rūpādayo hi pañca kāmakoṭṭhāsā visesato visabhāgavatthusannissayā vipallāsūpanissayena ayonisomanasikārena parikkhittānaṃ andhaputhujjanānaṃ mano ramento kilesavatthutāya anatthāvahabhāvato te bādhenti nāma. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘rūpā saddā…pe… itthirūpasmi dissare’’ti.

Itthiggahaṇañcettha adhikāravasena katanti veditabbaṃ. Tenevāha ‘‘ye etā upasevantī’’tiādi. Tassattho – ye puthujjanā etā itthiyo rattacittā rāgābhibhūtacittā upabhogavatthusaññāya upasevanti. Vaḍḍhenti kaṭasiṃ ghoranti te jātiādīhi nirayādīhi ca ghoraṃ, bhayānakaṃ, andhabālehi abhiramitabbato kaṭasisaṅkhātaṃ saṃsāraṃ punappunaṃ uppattimaraṇādinā vaḍḍhenti. Tenāha ‘‘ācinanti punabbhava’’nti.

Yo cetāti yo pana puggalo etā itthiyo tattha chandarāgassa vikkhambhanena vā samucchindanena vā attano pādena sappassa siraṃ viya parivajjeti, so sabbaṃ lokaṃ visajitvā ṭhitattā loke visattikāsaṅkhātaṃ taṇhaṃ sato hutvā samativattati.

Kāmesvādīnavaṃ disvāti ‘‘aṭṭhikaṅkalūpamā kāmā bahudukkhā bahupāyāsā’’tiādinā (pāci. 417; cūḷava. 65; ma. ni. 1.234) vatthukāmesu kilesakāmesu anekākāravokāraṃ ādīnavaṃ, dosaṃ, disvā. Nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khematoti kāmehi bhavehi ca nikkhantabhāvato nekkhammaṃ, pabbajjaṃ , nibbānañca, khemato, anupaddavato, daṭṭhu, disvā. Sabbakāmehipi tebhūmakadhammehi nissaṭo visaṃyutto. Sabbepi tebhūmakā dhammā kāmanīyaṭṭhena kāmā, tehi ca thero visaṃyutto. Tenāha ‘‘patto me āsavakkhayo’’ti.

Evaṃ thero ādito pañcahi gāthāhi dhammaṃ kathetvā chaṭṭhagāthāya aññaṃ byākāsi. Taṃ sutvā sasuro ‘‘ayaṃ sabbattha anupalitto, na sakkā imaṃ kāmesu patāretu’’nti yathāgatamaggeneva gato. Theropi vassasataparinibbute bhagavati upasampadāya vīsavassasatiko pathabyā thero hutvā, vesālikehi vajjiputtehi uppāditaṃ sāsanassa abbudaṃ sodhetvā, dutiyaṃ dhammasaṅgītiṃ saṅgāyitvā ‘‘anāgate dhammāsokakāle uppajjanakaṃ abbudaṃ sodhehī’’ti tissamahābrahmānaṃ āṇāpetvā anupādisesāya nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyi.

Sabbakāmittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Chakkanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

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