‘‘Usabhaṃ pavaraṃ vīraṃ, vessabhuṃ vijitāvinaṃ;

Pasannacitto sumano, buddhaseṭṭhamavandahaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, vandanāya idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Catuvīsatikappamhi, vikatānandanāmako;

Sattaratanasampanno, cakkavattī mahabbalo.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

‘‘Ayoni suddhimanvesaṃ, aggiṃ paricariṃ vane;

Suddhimaggaṃ ajānanto, akāsiṃ amaraṃ tapa’’nti. – paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha;

Tattha ayonīti ayoniso anupāyena. Suddhinti saṃsārasuddhiṃ bhavanissaraṇaṃ. Anvesanti gavesanto. Aggiṃ paricariṃ vaneti ‘‘ayaṃ suddhimaggo’’ti adhippāyena araññāyatane aggihutasālāyaṃ agyāgāraṃ katvā āhutiṃ paggaṇhanto aggidevaṃ paricariṃ vede vuttavidhinā pūjesiṃ. Suddhimaggaṃ ajānanto, akāsiṃ amaraṃ tapanti suddhiyā nibbānassa maggaṃ ajānanto aggiparicaraṇaṃ viya pañcatapatappanādiattakilamathānuyogaṃ ‘‘suddhimaggo’’ti maññāya akāsiṃ acariṃ paṭipajjiṃ.

Evaṃ thero assamato assamaṃ gacchanto viya vede vuttavidhinā aggiparicaraṇādinā anuṭṭhāya suddhiyā appattabhāvena bahiddhā suddhiyā abhāvaṃ dassetvā idāni imasmiṃyeva sāsane suddhi ca mayā adhigatāti dassento –

‘‘Taṃ sukhena sukhaṃ laddhaṃ, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. – dutiyagāthamāha;

‘‘Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Tevijjo nhātakocamhi, sottiyo camhi vedagū’’ti. – tatiyaṃ gāthamāha;

Tassattho – ito pubbe jātimattena brāhmaṇabhāvato brāhmaṇānaṃ samaññāya brahmabandhu nāma āsiṃ. Bāhitapāpattā pana idāni kho arahattādhigamena paramatthato brāhmaṇo ca amhi. Ito pubbe bhavasañcayakarānaṃ tissannaṃ vedasaṅkhātānaṃ vijjānaṃ ajjhayanena samaññāmattena tevijjo nāma hutvā idāni bhavakkhayakarāya vijjāya vasena tissannaṃ vijjānaṃ adhigatattā paramatthato tevijjo ca amhi. Tathā ito pubbe bhavassādagadhitāya nhātakavatanipphattiyā samaññāmattena nhātako nāma hutvā idāni aṭṭhaṅgikamaggajalena suvikkhālitakilesamalatāya paramatthato nhātako camhi. Ito pubbe avimuttabhavassādamantajjhānena vohāramattato sottiyo nāma hutvā idāni suvimuttabhavassādadhammajjhānena paramatthato sottiyo camhi. Ito pubbe appaṭinissaṭṭhapāpadhammānaṃ vedānaṃ gatamattena vedagū nāma hutvā idāni vedasaṅkhātena maggañāṇena saṃsāramahoghassa vedassa catusaccassa ca pāraṃ gatattā adhigatattā ñātattā paramatthato vedagū jātoti. Taṃ sutvā brāhmaṇā sāsane uḷāraṃ pasādaṃ pavedesuṃ.

Aṅgaṇikabhāradvājattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

2. Paccayattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Vinatānadiyā tīre, vihāsi purisuttamo;

Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, ekaggaṃ susamāhitaṃ.

‘‘Tasmiṃ pasannamānaso, kilesamaladhovane;

Udumbaraphalaṃ gayha, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ.

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Imamhi bhaddake kappe, saṃviggamānamānaso;

Kassapassa bhagavato, sāsane pabbajiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Tathā pabbajito santo, bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjisaṃ;

Na vihārā nikkhamissaṃ, iti katvāna mānasaṃ.

‘‘Uttamatthaṃ asampatto, na ca pattomhi tāvade;

Idāni pana ñāṇassa, paripākena nibbuto;

Pattomhi acalaṃ ṭhānaṃ, phusitvā accutaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattikittanamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

Vihāraṃ me paviṭṭhassa, cetaso paṇidhī ahu.

‘‘Nāsissaṃ na pivissāmi, vihārato na nikkhame;

Napi passaṃ nipātessaṃ, taṇhāsalle anūhate.

‘‘Tassa mevaṃ viharato, passa vīriyaparakkamaṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Imā tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Tassa mevaṃ viharatoti tassa me evaṃ cittaṃ paṇidhāya daḷhavīriyādhiṭṭhānaṃ katvā vipassanānuyogavasena viharato. Passa vīriyaparakkamanti vidhinā īrayitabbato ‘‘vīriyaṃ’’ paraṃ ṭhānaṃ akkamanato ‘‘parakkamo’’ti ca laddhanāmaṃ ussoḷhībhūtaṃ vāyāmaṃ passa jānāhi. Yassa panānubhāvena mayā tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsananti vuttatthameva.

Paccayattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

3. Bākulattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Assamo sukato mayhaṃ, sakasissehi māpito.

‘‘Maṇḍapā ca bahū tattha, pupphitā sindhuvārakā;

Kapitthā ca bahū tattha, pupphitā jīvajīvakā.

‘‘Nigguṇḍiyo bahū tattha, badarāmalakāni ca;

Phārusakā alābū ca, puṇḍarīkā ca pupphitā.

‘‘Āḷakā beluvā tattha, kadalī mātuluṅgakā;

Mahānāmā bahū tattha, ajjunā ca piyaṅgukā.

‘‘Kosambā saḷalā nimbā, nigrodhā ca kapitthanā;

Ediso assamo mayhaṃ, sasissohaṃ tahiṃ vasiṃ.

‘‘Anomadassī bhagavā, sayambhū lokanāyako;

Gavesaṃ paṭisallānaṃ, mamassamamupāgami.

‘‘Upetamhi mahāvīre, anomadassimahāyase;

Khaṇena lokanāthassa, vātābādho samuṭṭhahi.

‘‘Vicaranto araññamhi, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Upagantvāna sambuddhaṃ, cakkhumantaṃ mahāyasaṃ.

‘‘Iriyañcāpi disvāna, upalakkhesahaṃ tadā;

Asaṃsayañhi buddhassa, byādhi no udapajjatha.

‘‘Khippaṃ assamamāgañchiṃ, mama sissāna santike;

Bhesajjaṃ kattukāmohaṃ, sisse āmantayiṃ tadā.

‘‘Paṭissuṇitvāna me vākyaṃ, sissā sabbe sagāravā;

Ekajjhaṃ sannipatiṃsu, satthugāravatā mama.

‘‘Khippaṃ pabbatamāruyha, sabbosadhamahāsahaṃ;

Pānīyayogaṃ katvāna, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Paribhutte mahāvīre, sabbaññulokanāyake;

Khippaṃ vāto vūpasami, sugatassa mahesino.

Sakāsane nisīditvā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Yo me pādāsi bhesajjaṃ, byādhiñca samayī mama;

Tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.

‘‘Kappasatasahassāni, devaloke ramissati;

Vādite tūriye tattha, modissati sadā ayaṃ.

Sahassakkhattuṃ rājā ca, cakkavattī bhavissati.

‘‘Pañcapaññāsakappamhi, anomo nāma khattiyo;

Cāturanto vijitāvī, jambumaṇḍassa issaro.

‘‘Sattaratanasampanno, cakkavattī mahabbalo;

Tāvatiṃsepi khobhetvā, issaraṃ kārayissati.

‘‘Devabhūto manusso vā, appābādho bhavissati;

Pariggahaṃ vivajjetvā, byādhiṃ loke tarissati.

‘‘Aparimeyye ito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Sabbāsave pariññāya, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Kilese jhāpayitvāna, taṇhāsotaṃ tarissati;

Bākulo nāma nāmena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Idaṃ sabbaṃ abhiññāya, gotamo sakyapuṅgavo;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, etadagge ṭhapessati.

‘‘Anomadassī bhagavā, sayambhū lokanāyako;

Vivekānuvilokento, mamassamamupāgami.

‘‘Upāgataṃ mahāvīraṃ, sabbaññuṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Sabbosadhena tappesiṃ, pasanno sehi pāṇibhi.

Khepetuṃ neva sakkomi, tadā hi sukataṃ mama.

‘‘Lābhā mama suladdhaṃ me, yohaṃ addakkhi nāyakaṃ;

Tena kammāvasesena, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Sabbametaṃ abhiññāya, gotamo sakyapuṅgavo;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, etadagge ṭhapesi maṃ.

‘‘Aparimeyye ito kappe, yaṃ kammamakariṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, bhesajjassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

‘‘Yo pubbe karaṇīyāni, pacchā so kātumicchati;

Sukhā so dhaṃsate ṭhānā, pacchā ca manutappati.

‘‘Yañhi kayirā tañhi vade, yaṃ na kayirā na taṃ vade;

Akarontaṃ bhāsamānaṃ, parijānanti paṇḍitā.

‘‘Susukhaṃ vata nibbānaṃ, sammāsambuddhadesitaṃ;

Asokaṃ virajaṃ khemaṃ, yattha dukkhaṃ nirujjhatī’’ti. – gāthāttayamabhāsi;

Tattha parijānantīti ‘‘ettako aya’’nti paricchijja jānanti na bahuṃ maññantīti attho. Sammāpaṭipattivasena hi yathāvādī tathākārī eva sobhati, na tato aññathā. Karaṇīyapariyāyena sādhāraṇato vuttamatthaṃ idāni sarūpato dassetuṃ ‘‘susukhaṃ vatā’’tiādinā tatiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tassattho – sammā sāmaṃ sabbadhammānaṃ buddhattā sammāsambuddhena bhagavatā desitaṃ sabbaso sokahetūnaṃ abhāvato asokaṃ vigatarāgādirajattā virajaṃ catūhi yogehi anupaddutattā khemaṃ nibbānaṃ suṭṭhu sukhaṃ vata, kasmā? Yattha yasmiṃ nibbāne sakalaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ nirujjhati accantameva vūpasamatīti.

Bākulattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

4. Dhaniyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ sambuddhaṃ, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggahaṃ;

Vipinaggena gacchantaṃ, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Naḷamālaṃ gahetvāna, nikkhamanto ca tāvade;

Tatthaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, oghatiṇṇamanāsavaṃ.

‘‘Pasannacitto sumano, naḷamālamapūjayiṃ;

Dakkhiṇeyyaṃ mahāvīraṃ, sabbalokānukampakaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ mālamabhiropayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā ye bhikkhū dhutaṅgasamādhānena attānaṃ ukkaṃsetvā saṅghabhattādiṃ sādiyante aññe bhikkhū avajānanti, tesaṃ ovādadānamukhena aññaṃ byākaronto –

‘‘Sukhañce jīvituṃ icche, sāmaññasmiṃ apekkhavā;

Saṅghikaṃ nātimaññeyya, cīvaraṃ pānabhojanaṃ.

Ahi mūsikasobbhaṃva, sevetha sayanāsanaṃ.

Sukhañce jīvituṃ icche, sāmaññasmiṃ apekkhavā;

Itarītarena tusseyya, ekadhammañca bhāvaye’’ti. – tisso gāthā abhāsi;

Idāni vutte avutte ca paccaye yathālābhasantoseneva sāmaññasukhaṃ hoti, na aññathāti dassento āha ‘‘itarītarena tusseyyā’’ti, yena kenaci hīnena vā paṇītena vā yathāladdhena paccayena santosaṃ āpajjeyyāti attho. Ekadhammanti appamādabhāvaṃ, tañhi anuyuñjantassa anavajjaṃ sabbaṃ lokiyasukhaṃ lokuttarasukhañca hatthagatameva hoti. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘appamatto hi jhāyanto, pappoti vipulaṃ sukha’’nti (ma. ni. 2.352; dha. pa. 27).

Dhaniyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

5. Mātaṅgaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Padumuttaro nāma jino, sabbadhammāna pāragū;

Vivekakāmo sambuddho, gacchate anilañjase.

‘‘Avidūre himavantassa, mahājātassaro ahu;

Tattha me bhavanaṃ āsi, puññakammena saṃyutaṃ.

‘‘Bhavanā abhinikkhamma, addasaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Indīvaraṃva jalitaṃ, ādittaṃva hutāsanaṃ.

‘‘Vicinaṃ naddasaṃ pupphaṃ, pūjayissanti nāyakaṃ;

Sakaṃ cittaṃ pasādetvā, avandiṃ satthuno ahaṃ.

‘‘Mama sīse maṇiṃ gayha, pūjayiṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Imāya maṇipūjāya, vipāko hotu bhaddako.

‘‘Padumuttaro lokavidū, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho;

Antalikkhe ṭhito satthā, imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsatha.

‘‘So te ijjhatu saṅkappo, labhassu vipulaṃ sukhaṃ;

Imāya maṇipūjāya, anubhohi mahāyasaṃ.

‘‘Idaṃ vatvāna bhagavā, jalajuttamanāmako;

Agamāsi buddhaseṭṭho, yattha cittaṃ paṇīhitaṃ.

‘‘Saṭṭhikappāni devindo, devarajjamakārayiṃ;

Anekasatakkhattuñca, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ.

‘‘Pubbakammaṃ sarantassa, devabhūtassa me sato;

Maṇi nibbattate mayhaṃ, ālokakaraṇo mamaṃ.

Vicittavatthābharaṇā, āmukkamaṇikuṇḍalā.

‘‘Aḷārapamhā hasulā, susaññā tanumajjhimā;

Parivārenti maṃ niccaṃ, maṇipūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Bhaṇḍā me sukatā honti, yadicchasi piḷandhanā.

‘‘Kūṭāgārā gahā rammā, sayanañca mahārahaṃ;

Mama saṅkappamaññāya, nibbattanti yadicchakaṃ.

‘‘Lābhā tesaṃ suladdhañca, ye labhanti upassutiṃ;

Puññakkhettaṃ manussānaṃ, osadhaṃ sabbapāṇinaṃ.

‘‘Mayhampi sukataṃ kammaṃ, yohaṃ adakkhi nāyakaṃ;

Vinipātā pamuttomhi, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Yaṃ yaṃ yonūpapajjāmi, devattaṃ atha mānusaṃ;

Divasañceva rattiñca, āloko hoti me sadā.

‘‘Tāyeva maṇipūjāya, anubhotvāna sampadā;

Ñāṇāloko mayā diṭṭho, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ maṇiṃ abhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, maṇipūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā puggalādhiṭṭhānavasena kosajjaṃ garahanto attano ca vīriyārambhaṃ kittento –

‘‘Atisītaṃ atiuṇhaṃ, atisāyamidaṃ ahu;

Iti vissaṭṭhakammante, khaṇā accenti māṇave.

‘‘Yo ca sītañca uṇhañca, tiṇā bhiyyo na maññati;

Karaṃ purisakiccāni, so sukhā na vihāyati.

Urasā panudissāmi, vivekamanubrūhaya’’nti. – gāthāttayamāha;

Mātaṅgaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

6. Khujjasobhitattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Kakudhaṃ vilasantaṃva, devadevaṃ narāsabhaṃ;

Rathiyaṃ paṭipajjantaṃ, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Tamandhakāraṃ nāsetvā, santāretvā bahuṃ janaṃ;

Ñāṇālokena jotantaṃ, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Vasīsatasahassehi, nīyantaṃ lokanāyakaṃ;

Uddharantaṃ bahū satte, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Āhanantaṃ dhammabheriṃ, maddantaṃ titthiye gaṇe;

Sīhanādaṃ vinadantaṃ, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Yāvatā brahmalokato, āgantvāna sabrahmakā;

Pucchanti nipuṇe pañhe, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Yassañjaliṃ karitvāna, āyācanti sadevakā;

Tena puññaṃ anubhonti, ko disvā na pasīdati.

Na vikampati ajjhiṭṭho, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Nagaraṃ pavisato yassa, ravanti bheriyo bahū;

Vinadanti gajā mattā, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Vīthiyā gacchato yassa, sabbābhā jotate sadā;

Abbhunnatā samā honti, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Byāharantassa buddhassa, cakkavāḷampi suyyati;

Sabbe satte viññāpeti, ko disvā na pasīdati.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ buddhamabhikittayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, kittanāya idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Tesaññataroyamāyuvā, dvāre tiṭṭhati khujjasobhito’’ti. – paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha;

Tattha cittakathīti vicittadhammakathikā, saṅkhipanaṃ, vitthāraṇaṃ gambhīrakaraṇaṃ uttānīkaraṇaṃ kaṅkhāvinodanaṃ dhammapatiṭṭhāpananti evamādīhi nānānayehi paresaṃ ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ dhammassa kathanasīlāti attho. Bahussutāti pariyattipaṭivedhabāhusaccapāripūriyā bahussutā. Sabbaso samitapāpatāya samaṇā. Pāṭaliputtavāsino, tesaññataroti pāṭaliputtanagaravāsitāya pāṭaliputtavāsino, tesaṃ aññataro, ayaṃ āyuvā dīghāyu āyasmā. Dvāre tiṭṭhatīti sattapaṇṇiguhāya dvāre tiṭṭhati, saṅghassa anumatiyā pavisitunti attho. Taṃ sutvā sā devatā therassa āgamanaṃ saṅghassa nivedentī –

Tattha māluteritoti iddhicittajanitena vāyunā erito, iddhibalena āgatoti attho.

‘‘Suyuddhena suyiṭṭhena, saṅgāmavijayena ca;

Brahmacariyānuciṇṇena, evāyaṃ sukhamedhatī’’ti. –

Imāya tatiyagāthāya aññaṃ byākāsi.

Tattha suyuddhenāti pubbabhāge tadaṅgavikkhambhanappahānavasena kilesehi suṭṭhu yujjhanena. Suyiṭṭhenāti antarantarā kalyāṇamittehi dinnasappāyadhammadānena. Saṅgāmavijayena cāti samucchedappahānavasena sabbaso kilesābhisaṅkhāranimmathanena laddhasaṅgāmavijayena ca. Brahmacariyānuciṇṇenāti anuciṇṇena aggamaggabrahmacariyena. Evāyaṃ sukhamedhatīti evaṃ vuttappakārena ayaṃ khujjasobhito nibbānasukhaṃ phalasamāpattisukhañca edhati, anubhavatīti attho.

Khujjasobhitattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

7. Vāraṇattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Yodha koci manussesu, parapāṇāni hiṃsati;

Asmā lokā paramhā ca, ubhayā dhaṃsate naro.

‘‘Yo ca mettena cittena, sabbapāṇānukampati;

Bahuñhi so pasavati, puññaṃ tādisako naro.

‘‘Subhāsitassa sikkhetha, samaṇūpāsanassa ca;

Ekāsanassa ca raho, cittavūpasamassā cā’’ti. – tisso gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha yodha koci manussesūti idha manussesu yo koci khattiyo vā brāhmaṇo vā vesso vā suddo vā gahaṭṭho vā pabbajito vā. Manussaggahaṇañcettha ukkaṭṭhasattanidassananti daṭṭhabbaṃ. Parapāṇāni hiṃsatīti parasatte māreti vibādhati ca. Asmā lokāti idha lokato. Paramhāti paralokato. Ubhayā dhaṃsateti ubhayato dhaṃsati, ubhayalokapariyāpannahitasukhato parihāyatīti attho. Naroti satto.

‘‘Ajjhogāhetvā himavaṃ, mante vācemahaṃ tadā;

Catupaññāsasahassāni, sissā mayhaṃ upaṭṭhahuṃ.

‘‘Adhitā vedagū sabbe, chaḷaṅge pāramiṃ gatā;

Sakavijjāhupatthaddhā, himavante vasanti te.

‘‘Cavitvā tusitā kāyā, devaputto mahāyaso;

Uppajji mātukucchismiṃ, sampajāno patissato.

‘‘Sambuddhe upapajjante, dasasahassi kampatha;

Andhā cakkhuṃ alabhiṃsu, uppajjantamhi nāyake.

‘‘Sabbākāraṃ pakampittha, kevalā vasudhā ayaṃ;

Nigghosasaddaṃ sutvāna, ubbijjiṃsu mahājanā.

‘‘Sabbe janā samāgamma, āgacchuṃ mama santikaṃ;

Vasudhāyaṃ pakampittha, kiṃ vipāko bhavissati.

Visaṭṭhā hotha sabbepi, uppādoyaṃ suvatthiko.

‘‘Aṭṭhahetūhi samphussa, vasudhāyaṃ pakampati;

Tathā nimittā dissanti, obhāso vipulo mahā.

‘‘Asaṃsayaṃ buddhaseṭṭho, uppajjissati cakkhumā;

Saññāpetvāna janataṃ, pañcasīle kathesahaṃ.

‘‘Sutvāna pañcasīlāni, buddhuppādañca dullabhaṃ;

Ubbegajātā sumanā, tuṭṭhahaṭṭhā ahaṃsu te.

‘‘Dvenavute ito kappe, yaṃ nimittaṃ viyākariṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, byākaraṇassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Vāraṇattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

8. Vassikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pasannacitto sumano, pilakkhassa phalaṃ adā.

‘‘Aṭṭhārase kappasate, yaṃ phalaṃ adadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

‘‘Ekopi saddho medhāvī, assaddhānīdha ñātinaṃ;

Dhammaṭṭho sīlasampanno, hoti atthāya bandhunaṃ.

‘‘Niggayha anukampāya, coditā ñātayo mayā;

Ñātibandhavapemena, kāraṃ katvāna bhikkhusu.

‘‘Te abbhatītā kālaṅkatā, pattā te tidivaṃ sukhaṃ;

Bhātaro mayhaṃ mātā ca, modanti kāmakāmino’’ti. –

Tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Vassikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

9. Yasojattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Satthu desanaṃ sutvā yasojo saṃvegajāto saddhiṃ attano sahāyehi bhagavato santike pabbajitvā patirūpe ṭhāne vasanto ekadivasaṃ sapariso bhagavantaṃ vandituṃ jetavanaṃ agamāsi. Tassa āgamane senāsanapaññāpanādinā vihāre uccāsaddamahāsaddo ahosi. Taṃ sutvā ‘‘bhagavā saparisaṃ yasojaṃ paṇāmesī’’ti (udā. 23) sabbaṃ udāne āgatanayena veditabbaṃ. Paṇāmito pana āyasmā yasojo kasābhihato bhaddo assājānīyo viya saṃviggamānaso saddhiṃ parisāya vaggumudāya nadiyā tīre vasanto ghaṭento vāyamanto vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā antovasseyeva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.47.32-39) –

‘‘Nagare bandhumatiyā, ārāmiko ahaṃ tadā;

Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, gacchantaṃ anilañjase.

‘‘Labujaṃ phalamādāya, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ;

Ākāseva ṭhito santo, paṭiggaṇhi mahāyaso.

‘‘Vittisañjānano mayhaṃ, diṭṭhadhammasukhāvaho;

Phalaṃ buddhassa datvāna, vippasannena cetasā.

‘‘Adhigañchiṃ tadā pītiṃ, vipulaṃ sukhamuttamaṃ;

Uppajjateva ratanaṃ, nibbattassa tahiṃ tahiṃ.

‘‘Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ phalaṃ adadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phaladānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Mattaññū annapānamhi, adīnamānaso naro’’ti. – paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha;

Tattha kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāsoti maṃsūpacayavigamena kisadusaṇṭhitasarīrāvayavatāya dantilatāpabbasadisaṅgo, tenāha ‘‘kiso dhamanisanthato’’ti. Kisoti moneyyapaṭipadāpūraṇena kisasarīro. Dhamanisanthatoti dhamanīhi santhatagatto appamaṃsalohitatāya pākaṭīhi kaṇḍarasirāhi vitatasarīro. Mattaññūti pariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogavissajjanesu pamāṇaññū. Adīnamānasoti kosajjādīhi anabhibhūtattā alīnacitto akusītavutti. Naroti puriso, porisassa dhurassa vahanato porisalakkhaṇasampanno purisadhorayhoti adhippāyo.

Evaṃ thero satthārā pasaṭṭho pasaṭṭhabhāvānurūpaṃ attano adhivāsanakhantivīriyārambhavivekābhiratikittanamukhena bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ kathento –

‘‘Phuṭṭho ḍaṃsehi makasehi, araññasmiṃ brahāvane;

Nāgo saṅgāmasīseva, sato tatrādhivāsaye.

‘‘Yathā brahmā tathā eko, yathā devo tathā duve;

Yathā gāmo tathā tayo, kolāhalaṃ tatuttari’’nti. –

Imā dve gāthā abhāsi.

Yasojattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

10. Sāṭimattiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Ahu tuyhaṃ pure saddhāti āyasmato sāṭimattiyattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto siddhatthassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso tālavaṇṭaṃ adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā sāṭimattiyoti laddhanāmo vayappatto hetusampannatāya āraññakabhikkhūnaṃ santike pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.38.43-47) –

Sumanehi paṭicchannaṃ, dhārayāmi mahārahaṃ.

‘‘Catunnavutito kappe, tālavaṇṭamadāsahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, tālavaṇṭassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

‘‘Ahu tuyhaṃ pure saddhā, sā te ajja na vijjati;

Yaṃ tuyhaṃ tuyhamevetaṃ, natthi duccaritaṃ mama.

‘‘Aniccā hi calā saddhā, evaṃ diṭṭhā hi sā mayā;

Rajjantipi virajjanti, tattha kiṃ jiyyate muni.

‘‘Paccati munino bhattaṃ, thokaṃ thokaṃ kule kule;

Piṇḍikāya carissāmi, atthi jaṅghabalaṃ mamā’’ti. –

Tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Aniccā hi calā saddhāti yasmā pothujjanikā saddhā aniccā ekantikā na hoti, tato eva calā assapiṭṭhe ṭhapitakumbhaṇḍaṃ viya, thusarāsimhi nikhātakhāṇukaṃ viya ca anavaṭṭhitā. Evaṃ diṭṭhā hi sā mayāti evaṃ bhūtā ca sā saddhā mayā tayi diṭṭhā paccakkhato viditā. Rajjantipi virajjantīti evaṃ tassā anavaṭṭhitattā eva ime sattā kadāci katthaci mittasanthavavasena rajjanti sinehampi karonti, kadāci virajjanti virattacittā honti. Tattha kiṃ jiyyate munīti tasmiṃ puthujjanānaṃ rajjane virajjane ca muni pabbajito kiṃ jiyyati, kā tassa hānīti attho.

Sāṭimattiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

11. Upālittheragāthāvaṇṇanā

So pabbajitvā upasampanno satthu santike kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā ‘‘mayhaṃ, bhante, araññavāsaṃ anujānāthā’’ti āha. Bhikkhu tava araññe vasantassa ekameva dhuraṃ vaḍḍhissati, amhākaṃ pana santike vasantassa ganthadhurañca vipassanādhurañca paripūressatīti. Thero satthu vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 1.1.441-595) –

‘‘Nagare haṃsavatiyā, sujāto nāma brāhmaṇo;

Asītikoṭinicayo, pahūtadhanadhaññavā.

‘‘Ajjhāyako mantadharo, tiṇṇaṃ vedāna pāragū;

Lakkhaṇe itihāse ca, sadhamme pāramiṃ gato.

‘‘Paribbājā ekasikhā, gotamā buddhasāvakā;

Carakā tāpasā ceva, caranti mahiyā tadā.

Bahujjano maṃ pūjeti, nāhaṃ pūjemi kiñcanaṃ.

‘‘Pūjārahaṃ na passāmi, mānatthaddho ahaṃ tadā;

Buddhoti vacanaṃ natthi, tāva nuppajjate jino.

‘‘Accayena ahorattaṃ, padumuttaranāmako;

Sabbaṃ tamaṃ vinodetvā, loke uppajji cakkhumā.

Upāgami tadā buddho, nagaraṃ haṃsasavhayaṃ.

‘‘Pitu atthāya so buddho, dhammaṃ desesi cakkhumā;

Tena kālena parisā, samantā yojanaṃ tadā.

‘‘Sammato manujānaṃ so, sunando nāma tāpaso;

Yāvatā buddhaparisā, pupphehacchādayī tadā.

‘‘Catusaccaṃ pakāsente, seṭṭhe ca pupphamaṇḍape;

Koṭisatasahassānaṃ, dhammābhisamayo ahu.

‘‘Sattarattindivaṃ buddho, vassetvā dhammavuṭṭhiyo;

Aṭṭhame divase patte, sunandaṃ kittayī jino.

‘‘Devaloke manusse vā, saṃsaranto ayaṃ bhave;

Sabbesaṃ pavaro hutvā, bhavesu saṃsarissati.

‘‘Kappasatasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Mantāṇiputto puṇṇoti, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Evaṃ kittayi sambuddho, sunandaṃ tāpasaṃ tadā;

Hāsayanto janaṃ sabbaṃ, dassayanto sakaṃ balaṃ.

‘‘Katañjalī namassanti, sunandaṃ tāpasaṃ janā;

Buddhe kāraṃ karitvāna, sodhesi gatimattano.

‘‘Tattha me ahu saṅkappo, sutvāna munino vacaṃ;

Ahampi kāraṃ kassāmi, yathā passāmi gotamaṃ.

‘‘Evāhaṃ cintayitvāna, kiriyaṃ cintayiṃ mama;

Kyāhaṃ kammaṃ ācarāmi, puññakkhette anuttare.

‘‘Ayañca pāṭhiko bhikkhu, sabbapāṭhissa sāsane;

Vinaye agganikkhitto, taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthaye ahaṃ.

Tena bhogena buddhassa, ārāmaṃ māpaye ahaṃ.

‘‘Sobhanaṃ nāma ārāmaṃ, nagarassa puratthato;

Kiṇitvā satasahassena, saṅghārāmaṃ amāpayiṃ.

‘‘Kūṭāgāre ca pāsāde, maṇḍape hammiye guhā;

Caṅkame sukate katvā, saṅghārāmaṃ amāpayiṃ.

‘‘Jantāgharaṃ aggisālaṃ, atho udakamāḷakaṃ;

Nhānagharaṃ māpayitvā, bhikkhusaṅghassadāsahaṃ.

‘‘Āsandiyo pīṭhake ca, paribhoge ca bhājane;

Ārāmikañca bhesajjaṃ, sabbametaṃ adāsahaṃ.

‘‘Ārakkhaṃ paṭṭhapetvāna, pākāraṃ kārayiṃ daḷhaṃ;

Mā naṃ koci viheṭhesi, santacittāna tādinaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassenāvāsaṃ, saṅghārāme amāpayiṃ;

Vepullaṃ taṃ māpayitvā, sambuddhaṃ upanāmayiṃ.

‘‘Niṭṭhāpito mayārāmo, sampaṭiccha tuvaṃ muni;

Niyyādessāmi taṃ vīra, adhivāsehi cakkhuma.

‘‘Padumuttaro lokavidū, āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho;

Mama saṅkappamaññāya, adhivāsesi nāyako.

‘‘Adhivāsanamaññāya, sabbaññussa mahesino;

Bhojanaṃ paṭiyādetvā, kālamārocayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Ārocitamhi kālamhi, padumuttaranāyako;

Khīṇāsavasahassehi, ārāmaṃ me upāgami.

‘‘Nisinnaṃ kālamaññāya, annapānena tappayiṃ;

Bhuttāviṃ kālamaññāya, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Kīto satasahassena, tattakeneva kārito;

Sobhano nāma ārāmo, sampaṭiccha tuvaṃ muni.

Bhave nibbattamānohaṃ, labhāmi mama patthitaṃ.

‘‘Paṭiggahetvā sambuddho, saṅghārāmaṃ sumāpitaṃ;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, idaṃ vacanamabravi.

‘‘Yo so buddhassa pādāsi, saṅghārāmaṃ sumāpitaṃ;

Tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.

Parivāressantimaṃ niccaṃ, saṅghārāmassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Saṭṭhi tūrasahassāni, bheriyo samalaṅkatā;

Parivāressantimaṃ niccaṃ, saṅghārāmassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Chaḷasītisahassāni, nāriyo samalaṅkatā;

Vicittavatthābharaṇā, āmuttamaṇikuṇḍalā.

‘‘Aḷārapamhā hasulā, susaññā tanumajjhimā;

Parivāressantimaṃ niccaṃ, saṅghārāmassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassāni, devaloke ramissati;

Sahassakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjaṃ karissati.

‘‘Devarājena pattabbaṃ, sabbaṃ paṭilabhissati;

Anūnabhogo hutvāna, devarajjaṃ karissati.

‘‘Sahassakkhattuṃ cakkavattī, rājā raṭṭhe bhavissati.

Pathabyā rajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

‘‘Kappasatasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Upāli nāma nāmena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Vinaye pāramiṃ patvā, ṭhānāṭhāne ca kovido;

Jinasāsanaṃ dhārento, viharissatināsavo.

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, etadagge ṭhapessati.

‘‘Aparimeyyupādāya, patthemi tava sāsanaṃ;

So me attho anuppatto, sabbasaṃyojanakkhayo.

‘‘Yathā sūlāvuto poso, rājadaṇḍena tajjito;

Sūle sātaṃ avindanto, parimuttiṃva icchati.

‘‘Tathevāhaṃ mahāvīra, bhavadaṇḍena tajjito;

Kammasūlāvuto santo, pipāsāvedanaṭṭito.

‘‘Bhave sātaṃ na vindāmi, ḍayhanto tīhi aggibhi;

Parimuttiṃ gavesāmi, yathāpi rājadaṇḍito.

‘‘Yathā visādo puriso, visena paripīḷito;

Agadaṃ so gaveseyya, visaghātāyupālanaṃ.

Taṃ pivitvā sukhī assa, visamhā parimuttiyā.

‘‘Tathevāhaṃ mahāvīra, yathā visahato naro;

Sampīḷito avijjāya, saddhammāgadamesahaṃ.

‘‘Dhammāgadaṃ gavesanto, addakkhiṃ sakyasāsanaṃ;

Aggaṃ sabbosadhānaṃ taṃ, sabbasallavinodanaṃ.

‘‘Dhammosadhaṃ pivitvāna, visaṃ sabbaṃ samūhaniṃ;

Ajarāmaraṃ sītibhāvaṃ, nibbānaṃ phassayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Yathā bhūtaṭṭito poso, bhūtaggāhena pīḷito;

Bhūtavejjaṃ gaveseyya, bhūtasmā parimuttiyā.

‘‘Gavesamāno passeyya, bhūtavijjāsu kovidaṃ;

Tassa so vihane bhūtaṃ, samūlañca vināsaye.

‘‘Tathevāhaṃ mahāvīra, tamaggāhena pīḷito;

Ñāṇālokaṃ gavesāmi, tamato parimuttiyā.

So me tamaṃ vinodesi, bhūtavejjova bhūtakaṃ.

‘‘Saṃsārasotaṃ sañchindiṃ, taṇhāsotaṃ nivārayiṃ;

Bhavaṃ ugghāṭayiṃ sabbaṃ, bhūtavejjova mūlato.

‘‘Garuḷo yathā opatati, pannagaṃ bhakkhamattano;

Samantā yojanasataṃ, vikkhobheti mahāsaraṃ.

‘‘Pannagaṃ so gahetvāna, adhosīsaṃ viheṭhayaṃ;

Ādāya so pakkamati, yenakāmaṃ vihaṅgamo.

‘‘Tathevāhaṃ mahāvīra, yathāpi garuḷo balī;

Asaṅkhataṃ gavesanto, dose vikkhālayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Diṭṭho ahaṃ dhammavaraṃ, santipadamanuttaraṃ;

Ādāya viharāmetaṃ, garuḷo pannagaṃ yathā.

‘‘Āsāvatī nāma latā, jātā cittalatāvane;

Tassā vassasahassena, ekaṃ nibbattate phalaṃ.

‘‘Taṃ devā payirupāsanti, tāvadūraphale sati;

Devānaṃ sā piyā evaṃ, āsāvatī latuttamā.

‘‘Satasahassupādāya, tāhaṃ paricare muni;

Sāyaṃ pātaṃ namassāmi, devā āsāvatiṃ yathā.

Dūrāgatampi maṃ santaṃ, khaṇoyaṃ na virādhayi.

‘‘Paṭisandhiṃ na passāmi, vicinanto bhave ahaṃ;

Nirūpadhi vippamutto, upasanto carāmahaṃ.

‘‘Yathāpi padumaṃ nāma, sūriyaraṃsena pupphati;

Tathevāhaṃ mahāvīra, buddharaṃsena pupphito.

‘‘Yathā balākayonimhi, na vijjati pumo sadā;

Meghesu gajjamānesu, gabbhaṃ gaṇhanti tā sadā.

Bhārato parimuccanti, yadā megho pavassati.

‘‘Padumuttarabuddhassa, dhammameghena gajjato;

Saddena dhammameghassa, dhammagabbhaṃ agaṇhahaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassupādāya, puññagabbhaṃ dharemahaṃ;

Nappamuccāmi bhārato, dhammamegho na gajjati.

‘‘Yadā tuvaṃ sakyamuni, ramme kapilavatthave;

Gajjasi dhammameghena, bhārato parimuccahaṃ.

‘‘Suññataṃ animittañca, tathāppaṇihitampi ca;

Caturo ca phale sabbe, dhammevaṃ vijanayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Aparimeyyupādāya, patthemi tava sāsanaṃ;

So me attho anuppatto, santipadamanuttaraṃ.

‘‘Vinaye pāramiṃ patto, yathāpi pāṭhiko isi;

Na me samasamo atthi, dhāremi sāsanaṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Vinaye khandhake cāpi, tikacchede ca pañcake;

Ettha me vimati natthi, akkhare byañjanepi vā.

‘‘Niggahe paṭikamme ca, ṭhānāṭhāne ca kovido;

Osāraṇe vuṭṭhāpane, sabbattha pāramiṃ gato.

‘‘Vinaye khandhake vāpi, nikkhipitvā padaṃ ahaṃ;

Ubhato viniveṭhetvā, rasato osareyyahaṃ.

‘‘Niruttiyā sukusalo, atthānatthe ca kovido;

Anaññātaṃ mayā natthi, ekaggo satthu sāsane.

‘‘Rūpadakkho ahaṃ ajja, sakyaputtassa sāsane;

Kaṅkhaṃ sabbaṃ vinodemi, chindāmi sabbasaṃsayaṃ.

Nidāne pariyosāne, sabbattha kovido ahaṃ.

Vijinitvāna saṅgāmaṃ, nagaraṃ tattha māpaye.

‘‘Pākāraṃ parikhañcāpi, esikaṃ dvārakoṭṭhakaṃ;

Aṭṭālake ca vividhe, kāraye nagare bahū.

‘‘Siṅghāṭakaṃ caccarañca, suvibhattantarāpaṇaṃ;

Kārayeyya sabhaṃ tattha, atthānatthavinicchayaṃ.

‘‘Nigghātatthaṃ amittānaṃ, chiddāchiddañca jānituṃ;

Balakāyassa rakkhāya, senāpaccaṃ ṭhapeti so.

‘‘Ārakkhatthāya bhaṇḍassa, nidhānakusalaṃ naraṃ;

Mā me bhaṇḍaṃ vinassīti, bhaṇḍarakkhaṃ ṭhapeti so.

‘‘Mamatto hoti yo rañño, vuddhiṃ yassa ca icchati;

Tassādhikaraṇaṃ deti, mittassa paṭipajjituṃ.

‘‘Uppātesu nimittesu, lakkhaṇesu ca kovidaṃ;

Ajjhāyakaṃ mantadharaṃ, porohicce ṭhapeti so.

‘‘Etehaṅgehi sampanno, khattiyoti pavuccati;

Sadā rakkhanti rājānaṃ, cakkavākova dukkhitaṃ.

‘‘Tatheva tvaṃ mahāvīra, hatāmittova khattiyo;

Sadevakassa lokassa, dhammarājāti vuccati.

‘‘Titthiye nihanitvāna, mārañcāpi sasenakaṃ;

Tamandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā, dhammanagaraṃ amāpayi.

‘‘Sīlaṃ pākārakaṃ tattha, ñāṇaṃ te dvārakoṭṭhakaṃ;

Saddhā te esikā vīra, dvārapālo ca saṃvaro.

‘‘Satipaṭṭhānamaṭṭālaṃ, paññā te caccaraṃ mune;

Iddhipādañca siṅghāṭaṃ, dhammavīthi sumāpitā.

‘‘Suttantaṃ abhidhammañca, vinayañcāpi kevalaṃ;

Navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, esā dhammasabhā tava.

Āneñjañca nirodho ca, esā dhammakuṭī tava.

‘‘Paññāya aggo nikkhitto, paṭibhāne ca kovido;

Sāriputtoti nāmena, dhammasenāpatī tava.

Kolito nāma nāmena, porohicco tavaṃ mune.

‘‘Porāṇakavaṃsadharo, uggatejo durāsado;

Dhutavādīguṇenaggo, akkhadasso tavaṃ mune.

‘‘Bahussuto dhammadharo, sabbapāṭhī ca sāsane;

Ānando nāma nāmena, dhammārakkho tavaṃ mune.

‘‘Ete sabbe atikkamma, pamesi bhagavā mamaṃ;

Vinicchayaṃ me pādāsi, vinaye viññudesitaṃ.

‘‘Yo koci vinaye pañhaṃ, pucchati buddhasāvako;

Tattha me cintanā natthi, taññevatthaṃ kathemahaṃ.

‘‘Yāvatā buddhakhettamhi, ṭhapetvā taṃ mahāmuni;

Vinaye mādiso natthi, kuto bhiyyo bhavissati.

‘‘Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, evaṃ gajjati gotamo;

Upālissa samo natthi, vinaye khandhakesu ca.

‘‘Yāvatā buddhabhaṇitaṃ, navaṅgaṃ satthusāsanaṃ;

Vinayogadhaṃ taṃ sabbaṃ, vinayamūlapassino.

‘‘Mama kammaṃ saritvāna, gotamo sakyapuṅgavo;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, etadagge ṭhapesi maṃ.

‘‘Satasahassupādāya, imaṃ ṭhānaṃ apatthayiṃ;

So me attho anuppatto, vinaye pāramiṃ gato.

‘‘Sakyānaṃ nandijanano, kappako āsahaṃ pure;

Vijahitvāna taṃ jātiṃ, putto jāto mahesino.

Anantatejo amitayaso, bhūmipālo mahaddhano.

‘‘Tassa rañño ahaṃ putto, candano nāma khattiyo;

Jātimadenupatthaddho, yasabhogamadena ca.

‘‘Nāgasatasahassāni, sabbālaṅkārabhūsitā;

Tidhāpabhinnā mātaṅgā, parivārenti maṃ sadā.

‘‘Sabalehi paretohaṃ, uyyānaṃ gantukāmako;

Āruyha sirikaṃ nāgaṃ, nagarā nikkhamiṃ tadā.

‘‘Caraṇena ca sampanno, guttadvāro susaṃvuto;

Devalo nāma sambuddho, āgacchi purato mama.

Tato sañjātakopo so, nāgo nuddharate padaṃ.

‘‘Nāgaṃ ruṇṇamanaṃ disvā, buddhe kodhaṃ akāsahaṃ;

Vihesayitvā sambuddhaṃ, uyyānaṃ agamāsahaṃ.

‘‘Sātaṃ tattha na vindāmi, siro pajjalito yathā;

Pariḷāhena ḍayhāmi, macchova baḷisādako.

‘‘Sasāgarantā pathavī, ādittā viya hoti me;

Pitu santikupāgamma, idaṃ vacanamabraviṃ.

‘‘Āsīvisaṃva kupitaṃ, aggikkhandhaṃva āgataṃ;

Mattaṃva kuñjaraṃ dantiṃ, yaṃ sayambhumasādayiṃ.

‘‘Āsādito mayā buddho, ghoro uggatapo jino;

Purā sabbe vinassāma, khamāpessāma taṃ muniṃ.

‘‘No ce taṃ nijjhāpessāma, attadantaṃ samāhitaṃ;

Orena sattadivasā, raṭṭhaṃ me vidhamissati.

‘‘Sumekhalo kosiyo ca, siggavo cāpi sattako;

Āsādayitvā isayo, duggatā te saraṭṭhakā.

Sadevakaṃ vināsenti, sasāgaraṃ sapabbataṃ.

‘‘Tiyojanasahassamhi, purise sannipātayiṃ;

Accayaṃ desanatthāya, sayambhuṃ upasaṅkamiṃ.

‘‘Allavatthā allasirā, sabbeva pañjalīkatā;

Buddhassa pāde nipatitvā, idaṃ vacanamabravuṃ.

‘‘Khamassu tvaṃ mahāvīra, abhiyācati taṃ jano;

Pariḷāhaṃ vinodehi, mā no raṭṭhaṃ vināsaya.

‘‘Sadevamānusā sabbe, sadānavā sarakkhasā;

Ayomayena kūṭena, siraṃ bhindeyyu me sadā.

‘‘Dake aggi na saṇṭhāti, bījaṃ sele na rūhati;

Agade kimi na saṇṭhāti, kopo buddhe na jāyati.

‘‘Yathā ca bhūmi acalā, appameyyo ca sāgaro;

Anantako ca ākāso, evaṃ buddhā akhobhiyā.

‘‘Sadā khantā mahāvīrā, khamitā ca tapassino;

Khantānaṃ khamitānañca, gamanaṃ taṃ na vijjati.

Mahājanassa purato, nabhaṃ abbhuggamī tadā.

‘‘Tena kammenahaṃ vīra, hīnattaṃ ajjhupāgato;

Samatikkamma taṃ jātiṃ, pāvisiṃ abhayaṃ puraṃ.

‘‘Tadāpi maṃ mahāvīra, ḍayhamānaṃ susaṇṭhitaṃ;

Pariḷāhaṃ vinodesi, sayambhuñca khamāpayiṃ.

‘‘Ajjāpi maṃ mahāvīra, ḍayhamānaṃ tihaggibhi;

Nibbāpesi tayo aggī, sītibhāvañca pāpayiṃ.

‘‘Yesaṃ sotāvadhānatthi, suṇātha mama bhāsato;

Atthaṃ tuyhaṃ pavakkhāmi, yathā diṭṭhaṃ padaṃ mama.

Tena kammenahaṃ ajja, jātomhi nīcayoniyaṃ.

‘‘Mā vo khaṇaṃ virādhetha, khaṇātītā hi socare;

Sadatthe vāyameyyātha, khaṇo vo paṭipādito.

‘‘Ekaccānañca vamanaṃ, ekaccānaṃ virecanaṃ;

Visaṃ halāhalaṃ eke, ekaccānañca osadhaṃ.

‘‘Vamanaṃ paṭipannānaṃ, phalaṭṭhānaṃ virecanaṃ;

Osadhaṃ phalalābhīnaṃ, puññakkhettaṃ gavesinaṃ.

‘‘Sāsanena viruddhānaṃ, visaṃ halāhalaṃ yathā;

Āsīviso diṭṭhaviso, evaṃ jhāpeti taṃ naraṃ.

‘‘Sakiṃ pītaṃ halāhalaṃ, uparundhati jīvitaṃ;

Sāsanena virujjhitvā, kappakoṭimhi ḍayhati.

‘‘Khantiyā avihiṃsāya, mettacittavatāya ca;

Sadevakaṃ so tāreti, tasmā te avirādhiyā.

‘‘Lābhālābhe na sajjanti, sammānanavimānane;

Pathavīsadisā buddhā, tasmā te na virādhiyā.

‘‘Devadatte ca vadhake, core aṅgulimālake;

Rāhule dhanapāle ca, sabbesaṃ samako muni.

‘‘Etesaṃ paṭigho natthi, rāgomesaṃ na vijjati;

Sabbesaṃ samako buddho, vadhakassorasassa ca.

‘‘Panthe disvāna kāsāvaṃ, chaḍḍitaṃ mīḷhamakkhitaṃ;

Sirasmiṃ añjaliṃ katvā, vanditabbaṃ isiddhajaṃ.

Dhajenānena sujjhanti, tasmā ete namassiyā.

‘‘Satthukappaṃ suvinayaṃ, dhāremi hadayenahaṃ;

Namassamāno vinayaṃ, viharissāmi sabbadā.

Kappemi vinaye vāsaṃ, vinayo mama gocaro.

‘‘Vinaye pāramippatto, samathe cāpi kovido;

Upāli taṃ mahāvīra, pāde vandati satthuno.

‘‘So ahaṃ vicarissāmi, gāmā gāmaṃ purā puraṃ;

Namassamāno sambuddhaṃ, dhammassa ca sudhammataṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Tattha hi naṃ satthā sayameva sakalaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ uggaṇhāpesi. So aparabhāge bhārukacchakavatthuṃ (pārā. 78) ajjukavatthuṃ (pārā. 158) kumārakassapavatthunti imāni tīṇi vatthūni vinicchayi. Satthā ekekasmiṃ vinicchite sādhukāraṃ datvā tayopi vinicchaye aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā theraṃ vinayadharānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. So aparabhāge ekasmiṃ uposathadivase pātimokkhuddesasamaye bhikkhū ovadanto –

Mitte bhajeyya kalyāṇe, suddhājīve atandite.

‘‘Saddhāya abhinikkhamma, navapabbajito navo;

Saṅghasmiṃ viharaṃ bhikkhu, sikkhetha vinayaṃ budho.

‘‘Saddhāya abhinikkhamma, navapabbajito navo;

Kappākappesu kusalo, careyya apurakkhato’’ti. – tisso gāthā abhāsi;

Upālittheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

12. Uttarapālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Vipassino bhagavato, caṅkamantassa sammukhā;

Pasannacitto sumano, setuṃ kārāpayiṃ ahaṃ.

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, setudānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā sīhanādaṃ nadanto –

‘‘Paṇḍitaṃ vata maṃ santaṃ, alamatthavicintakaṃ;

Pañca kāmaguṇā loke, sammohā pātayiṃsu maṃ.

Asakkhiṃ maccurājassa, ahaṃ pāsā pamuccituṃ.

‘‘Sabbe kāmā pahīnā me, bhavā sabbe padālitā;

Vikkhīṇo jātisaṃsāro, natthi dāni punabbhavo’’ti. –

Tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha paṇḍitaṃ vata maṃ santanti sutacintāmayāya paññāya vasena paññāsampannampi nāma maṃ samānaṃ. Alamatthavicintakanti attano ca paresañca atthaṃ hitaṃ vicintetuṃ samatthaṃ, alaṃ vā pariyattaṃ atthassa vicintakaṃ, kilesaviddhaṃsanasamatthaṃ atthadassinaṃ vā, sabbametaṃ attano antimabhavikatāya thero vadati. Pañca kāmaguṇāti rūpādayo pañca kāmakoṭṭhāsā. Loketi tesaṃ pavattiṭṭhānadassanaṃ. Sammohāti sammohanimittaṃ ayonisomanasikārahetu. Sammohāti vā sammohanā sammohakarā. Pātayiṃsūti dhīrabhāvato pātesuṃ, lokato vā uttaritukāmaṃ maṃ loke pātayiṃsūti attho.

Uttarapālattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

13. Abhibhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Gandhodakaṃ gahetvāna, citaṃ nibbāpayiṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, citaṃ nibbāpayiṃ ahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, gandhodakassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā vimuttisukhena viharante tasmiṃ tassa ñātakā amaccā pārisajjā nāgarā jānapadāti sabbe samāgantvā, ‘‘bhante, kasmā tvaṃ amhe anāthe katvā pabbajito’’ti parideviṃsu. Thero te ñātipamukhe manusse paridevante disvā tesaṃ attano pabbajjakāraṇavibhāvanamukhena dhammaṃ kathento –

Dhammaṃ vo desayissāmi, dukkhā jāti punappunaṃ.

‘‘Ārambhatha nikkamatha, yuñjatha buddhasāsane;

Dhunātha maccuno senaṃ, naḷāgāraṃva kuñjaro.

Pahāya jātisaṃsāraṃ, dukkhassantaṃ karissatī’’ti. – tisso gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha suṇāthāti nisāmetha, idāni mayā vuccamānaṃ ohitasotā sotadvārānusārena upadhārethāti attho. Ñātayoti ñātī pamukhe katvā tesaṃ sabbesaṃ ālapanaṃ, tenāha ‘‘sabbe yāvantettha samāgatā’’ti, yāvanto yattakā ettha samāgame, etissaṃ vā mama pabbajjāya samāgatāti attho.

Idāni yaṃ sandhāya ‘‘suṇāthā’’ti savanāṇattikavacanaṃ kataṃ, taṃ ‘‘dhammaṃ vo desayissāmī’’ti paṭijānitvā ‘‘dukkhā jāti punappuna’’ntiādinā desetuṃ ārabhi. Tattha dukkhā jāti punappunanti jāti nāmesā gabbhokkantimūlakādibhedassa jarādibhedassa ca anekavihitassa dukkhassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvato dukkhā. Sā punappunaṃ pavattamānā ativiya dukkhā.

Evaṃ pana buddhasāsane ussāhaṃ karontassa ekaṃsiko jātidukkhassa samatikkamoti dassento ‘‘yo imasmi’’ntiādinā tatiyaṃ gāthamāha. Taṃ suviññeyyameva.

Abhibhūtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

14. Gotamattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Aṭṭha campakapupphāni, citakaṃ abhiropayiṃ.

‘‘Ekatiṃse ito kappe, yaṃ pupphamabhiropayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, citapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā vimuttisukhena viharanto ekadivasaṃ ñātakehi ‘‘kasmā, bhante, amhe pahāya pabbajito’’ti puṭṭho saṃsāre attanā anubhūtadukkhañceva idāni adhigataṃ nibbānasukhañca pakāsento –

‘‘Saṃsarañhi nirayaṃ agacchissaṃ, petalokamagamaṃ punappunaṃ;

Dukkhamamhipi tiracchānayoniyaṃ, nekadhā hi vusitaṃ ciraṃ mayā.

‘‘Mānusopi ca bhavobhirādhito, saggakāyamagamaṃ sakiṃ sakiṃ;

Rūpadhātusu arūpadhātusu, nevasaññisu asaññisuṭṭhitaṃ.

‘‘Sambhavā suviditā asārakā, saṅkhatā pacalitā saderitā;

Taṃ viditvā mahamahattasambhavaṃ, santimeva satimā samajjhaga’’nti. –

Tīhi gāthāhi tesaṃ dhammaṃ desesi.

Mānusopi ca bhavobhirādhitoti manussattabhāvopi mayā tādisena kusalakammunā samavāyena abhirādhito sādhito adhigato. Kāṇakacchapopamasuttamettha (ma. ni. 3.252; saṃ. ni. 5.1117) udāharitabbaṃ. Saggakāyamagamaṃ sakiṃ sakinti saggagatisaṅkhātaṃ kāmāvacaradevakāyaṃ sakiṃ sakiṃ kadāci kadāci upapajjanavasena agacchiṃ. Rūpadhātusūti puthujjanabhavaggapariyosānesu rūpabhavesu arūpadhātusūti arūpabhavesu. Nevasaññisu asaññisuṭṭhitanti rūpārūpadhātūsu ca na kevalaṃ saññīsu eva, atha kho nevasaññīnāsaññīsu asaññīsu ca upapajja ṭhitaṃ mayāti ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Nevasaññiggahaṇena hettha nevasaññīnāsaññībhavo gahito. Yadipime dve bhavā rūpārūpadhātuggahaṇeneva gayhanti, ye pana ito bāhirakā tattha niccasaññino bhavavimokkhasaññino ca, tesaṃ tassā saññāya micchābhāvadassanatthaṃ visuṃ gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Gotamattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

15. Hāritattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Yo pubbe karaṇīyānīti āyasmato hāritattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle kulagehe nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto satthari parinibbute tassa citakapūjāya kayiramānāya gandhena pūjaṃ akāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā hāritoti laddhanāmo vayappatto jātimānaṃ nissāya aññe vasalavādena samudācarati. So bhikkhūnaṃ santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitopi ciraparicitattā vasalasamudācāraṃ na vissajji. Athekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā sañjātasaṃvego vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā attano cittappavattiṃ upaparikkhanto mānuddhaccaviggahitataṃ disvā taṃ pahāya vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.46.63-67) –

‘‘Citāsu kurumānāsu, nānāgandhe samāhaṭe;

Pasannacitto sumano, gandhamuṭṭhimapūjayiṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, citakaṃ yamapūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, citapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Hāritattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

16. Vimalattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

‘‘Nīharante sarīramhi, vajjamānāsu bherisu;

Pasannacitto sumano, paṭṭipupphamapūjayiṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, yaṃ pupphamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, dehapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā attano sahāyassa bhikkhussa ovādaṃ dento –

‘‘Pāpamitte vivajjetvā, bhajeyyuttamapuggalaṃ;

Ovāde cassa tiṭṭheyya, patthento acalaṃ sukhaṃ.

Evaṃ kusītamāgamma, sādhujīvīpi sīdati;

Tasmā taṃ parivajjeyya, kusītaṃ hīnavīriyaṃ.

‘‘Pavivittehi ariyehi, pahitattehi jhāyibhi;

Niccaṃ āraddhavīriyehi, paṇḍitehi sahāvase’’ti. –

Tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Vimalattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Tikanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paṭhamo bhāgo niṭṭhito.