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The Order of Languages of Dictionaries to Show?
+ - {{ "zh_TW" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Dīghanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dīghanikāya") }}
+ - Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Sīlakkhandhavaggapāḷi") }}
2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sāmaññaphalasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Mahāvaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mahāvaggapāḷi") }}
3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāparinibbānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Mahāsamayasuttaṃ") }}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Pāthikavaggapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Pāthikavaggapāḷi") }}
8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Siṅgālasuttaṃ") }}
蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Majjhimanikāya") }}
+ - Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Mūlapaṇṇāsapāḷi") }}
1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Mūlapariyāyavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Sīhanādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Sīhanādavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Opammavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Opammavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Mahāyamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Mahāyamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Cūḷayamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Cūḷayamakavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Majjhimapaṇṇāsapāḷi
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1. Gahapativaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Gahapativaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Tikanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tikanipātapāḷi") }}
(7) 2. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(7) 2. Mahāvaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] 蕭式球 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Dasasikkhāpadaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Dvattiṃsākāro
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Dvattiṃsākāro") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Kumārapañhā
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Kumārapañhā") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Maṅgalasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Ratanasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Ratanasuttaṃ") }}
悟醒 {{_("Translation")}}
悟醒 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Translation")}}
瑪欣德尊者 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Tirokuṭṭasuttaṃ") }}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Translation")}}
鄧殿臣 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
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1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("8. Sahassavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("9. Pāpavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("10. Daṇḍavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("11. Jarāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("12. Attavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("16. Piyavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("17. Kodhavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("18. Malavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
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了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("20. Maggavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("23. Nāgavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("24. Taṇhāvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Translation")}}
了參法師(葉均) {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Cūḷavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Mahāvaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Aṭṭhakavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
郭良鋆 {{_("Translation")}}
郭良鋆 {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - {{ "en_US" | translate }} {{_("Translation")}}
+ - Tipiṭaka (Mūla)
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Tipiṭaka (Mūla)") }}
+ - Suttapiṭaka
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttapiṭaka") }}
+ - Aṅguttaranikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Aṅguttaranikāya") }}
+ - Ekakanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Ekakanipātapāḷi") }}
3. Akammaniyavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Akammaniyavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Adantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Adantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Paṇihitaacchavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Accharāsaṅghātavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dukanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dukanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Kammakaraṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Kammakaraṇavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Samacittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Samacittavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Parisavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Parisavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(10) 5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(10) 5. Bālavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("(11) 1. Āsāduppajahavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Khuddakanikāya
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakanikāya") }}
+ - Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Khuddakapāṭhapāḷi") }}
1. Saraṇattayaṃ
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Saraṇattayaṃ") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Dhammapadapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Dhammapadapāḷi") }}
1. Yamakavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Yamakavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Appamādavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("2. Appamādavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Cittavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("3. Cittavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Pupphavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("4. Pupphavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Bālavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Bālavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
6. Paṇḍitavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("6. Paṇḍitavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
7. Arahantavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("7. Arahantavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
8. Sahassavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
9. Pāpavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
10. Daṇḍavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
11. Jarāvaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
12. Attavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
13. Lokavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("13. Lokavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
14. Buddhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("14. Buddhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
15. Sukhavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("15. Sukhavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
16. Piyavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
17. Kodhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
18. Malavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
19. Dhammaṭṭhavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
20. Maggavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
21. Pakiṇṇakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
22. Nirayavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("22. Nirayavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
23. Nāgavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
24. Taṇhāvaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
25. Bhikkhuvaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("25. Bhikkhuvaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
26. Brāhmaṇavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("26. Brāhmaṇavaggo") }}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
+ - Suttanipātapāḷi
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("Suttanipātapāḷi") }}
1. Uragavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("1. Uragavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
2. Cūḷavaggo
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[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
3. Mahāvaggo
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[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
4. Aṭṭhakavaggo
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Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}
5. Pārāyanavaggo
{{ treeviewTranslatedNodeText("5. Pārāyanavaggo") }}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Translation")}}
[{{_("Excerpt")}}] Ṭhānissaro Bhikkhu {{_("Contrast Reading")}}

24. Taṇhāvaggo

1. Kapilamacchavatthu

Manujassāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto kapilamacchaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Atīte kira kassapabhagavato parinibbutakāle dve kulabhātaro nikkhamitvā sāvakānaṃ santike pabbajiṃsu. Tesu jeṭṭho sāgato nāma ahosi, kaniṭṭho kapilo nāma. Mātā pana nesaṃ sādhinī nāma, kaniṭṭhabhaginī tāpanā nāma. Tāpi bhikkhunīsu pabbajiṃsu. Evaṃ tesu pabbajitesu ubho bhātaro ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ vattapaṭivattaṃ katvā viharantā ekadivasaṃ, ‘‘bhante, imasmiṃ sāsane kati dhurānī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘ganthadhuraṃ vipassanādhurañcāti dve dhurānī’’ti sutvā jeṭṭho ‘‘vipassanādhuraṃ pūressāmī’’ti pañca vassāni ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ santike vasitvā yāva arahattā kammaṭṭhānaṃ gahetvā araññaṃ pavisitvā vāyamanto arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Kaniṭṭho ‘‘ahaṃ tāva taruṇo, vuḍḍhakāle vipassanādhuraṃ pūressāmī’’ti ganthadhuraṃ paṭṭhapetvā tīṇi piṭakāni uggaṇhi. Tassa pariyattiṃ nissāya mahāparivāro, parivāraṃ nissāya lābho udapādi. So bāhusaccamadena matto lābhataṇhāya abhibhūto atipaṇḍitamānitāya parehi vuttaṃ kappiyampi ‘‘akappiya’’nti vadeti, akappiyampi ‘‘kappiya’’nti vadeti, sāvajjampi ‘‘anavajja’’nti, anavajjampi ‘‘sāvajja’’nti. So pesalehi bhikkhūhi ‘‘mā, āvuso kapila, evaṃ avacā’’ti vatvā dhammañca vinayañca dassetvā ovadiyamānopi ‘‘tumhe kiṃ jānātha, rittamuṭṭhisadisā’’tiādīni vatvā khuṃsento vambhento carati. Athassa bhātu sāgatattherassāpi bhikkhū tamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Sopi naṃ upasaṅkamitvā, ‘‘āvuso kapila, tumhādisānañhi sammāpaṭipatti sāsanassa āyu nāma, tasmā paṭipattiṃ pahāya kappiyādīni paṭibāhanto mā evaṃ avacā’’ti ovadi. So tassapi vacanaṃ nādiyi. Evaṃ santepi thero dvattikkhattuṃ ovaditvā ovādaṃ agaṇhantaṃ ‘‘nāyaṃ mama vacanaṃ karotī’’ti ñatvā ‘‘tena, āvuso, paññāyissasi sakena kammenā’’ti vatvā pakkāmi . Tato paṭṭhāya naṃ aññe pesalā bhikkhū chaḍḍayiṃsu.

So durācāro hutvā durācāraparivuto viharanto ekadivasaṃ uposathagge ‘‘pātimokkhaṃ uddisissāmī’’ti bījaniṃ ādāya dhammāsane nisīditvā ‘‘vattati, āvuso, ettha sannipatitānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkha’’nti pucchitvā ‘‘ko attho imassa paṭivacanena dinnenā’’ti tuṇhībhūte bhikkhū disvā, ‘‘āvuso, dhammo vā vinayo vā natthi, pātimokkhena sutena vā asutena vā ko attho’’ti vatvā āsanā vuṭṭhahi. Evaṃ so kassapassa bhagavato pariyattisāsanaṃ osakkāpesi. Sāgatattheropi tadaheva parinibbāyi. Kapilo āyupariyosāne avīcimhi mahāniraye nibbatti. Sāpissa mātā ca bhaginī ca tasseva diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjitvā pesale bhikkhū akkositvā paribhāsitvā tattheva nibbattiṃsu.

Tasmiṃ pana kāle pañcasatā purisā gāmaghātakādīni katvā corikāya jīvantā janapadamanussehi anubaddhā palāyamānā araññaṃ pavisitvā tattha kiñci paṭisaraṇaṃ apassantā aññataraṃ āraññikaṃ bhikkhuṃ disvā vanditvā ‘‘paṭisaraṇaṃ no, bhante, hothā’’ti vadiṃsu. Thero ‘‘tumhākaṃ sīlasadisaṃ paṭisaraṇaṃ nāma natthi, sabbepi pañcasīlāni samādiyathā’’ti āha. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchitvā sīlāni samādiyiṃsu. Atha ne thero ovadi – ‘‘idāni tumhe sīlavantā, jīvitahetupi vo neva sīlaṃ atikkamitabbaṃ, na manopadoso kātabbo’’ti. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchiṃsu. Atha ne janapadamanussā taṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā ito cito ca pariyesamānā te core disvā sabbe te jīvitā voropesuṃ. Te kālaṃ katvā devaloke nibbattiṃsu, corajeṭṭhako jeṭṭhakadevaputto ahosi.

Te anulomapaṭilomavasena ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ devaloke saṃsaritvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthinagaradvāre pañcasatakulike kevaṭṭagāme nibbattiṃsu. Jeṭṭhakadevaputto kevaṭṭajeṭṭhakassa gehe paṭisandhiṃ gaṇhi, itare itaresu. Evaṃ tesaṃ ekadivaseyeva paṭisandhigahaṇañca mātukucchito nikkhamanañca ahosi. Kevaṭṭajeṭṭhako ‘‘atthi nu kho imasmiṃ gāme aññepi dārakā ajja jātā’’ti pariyesāpetvā tesaṃ jātabhāvaṃ ñatvā ‘‘ete mama puttassa sahāyakā bhavissantī’’ti sabbesaṃ posāvanikaṃ dāpesi. Te sabbepi sahapaṃsukīḷakā sahāyakā hutvā anupubbena vayappattā ahesuṃ. Tesaṃ kevaṭṭajeṭṭhakaputtova yasato ca tejato ca aggapuriso ahosi.

Kapilopi ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ niraye paccitvā vipākāvasesena tasmiṃ kāle aciravatiyā suvaṇṇavaṇṇo duggandhamukho maccho hutvā nibbatti. Athekadivasaṃ te sahāyakā ‘‘macche bandhissāmā’’ti jālādīni gahetvā nadiyā khipiṃsu. Atha nesaṃ antojālaṃ so maccho pāvisi . Taṃ disvā sabbe kevaṭṭagāmavāsino uccāsaddamakaṃsu – ‘‘puttā no paṭhamaṃ macche bandhantā suvaṇṇamacchaṃ bandhiṃsu, idāni no rājā bahudhanaṃ dassatī’’ti. Tepi kho sahāyakā macchaṃ nāvāya pakkhipitvā nāvaṃ ukkhipitvā rañño santikaṃ agamaṃsu. Raññāpi taṃ disvāva ‘‘kiṃ eta’’nti vutte ‘‘maccho, devā’’ti āhaṃsu. Rājā suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ macchaṃ disvā ‘‘satthā etassa suvaṇṇavaṇṇakāraṇaṃ jānissatī’’ti macchaṃ gāhāpetvā bhagavato santikaṃ agamāsi. Macchena mukhe vivaṭamatteyeva sakalajetavanaṃ ativiya duggandhaṃ ahosi. Rājā satthāraṃ pucchi – ‘‘kasmā, bhante, maccho suvaṇṇavaṇṇo jāto, kasmā cassa mukhato duggandho vāyatī’’ti?

Ayaṃ, mahārāja, kassapabhagavato pāvacane kapilo nāma bhikkhu ahosi bahussuto mahāparivāro lābhataṇhāya abhibhūto attano vacanaṃ agaṇhantānaṃ akkosakaparibhāsako, tassa ca bhagavato sāsanaṃ osakkāpesi, so tena kammena avīcimhi nibbattitvā vipākāvasesena idāni maccho hutvā jāto. Yaṃ pana so dīgharattaṃ buddhavacanaṃ vācesi, buddhassa ca guṇaṃ kathesi, tassa nissandena imaṃ suvaṇṇavaṇṇaṃ paṭilabhi. Yaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ akkosakaparibhāsako ahosi, tenassa mukhato duggandho vāyati. ‘‘Kathāpemi naṃ, mahārājā’’ti? ‘‘Kathāpetha, bhante’’ti. Atha naṃ satthā pucchi – ‘‘tvaṃsi kapilo’’ti? ‘‘Āma, bhante, ahaṃ kapilo’’ti. ‘‘Kuto āgatosī’’ti? ‘‘Avīcimahānirayato, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Jeṭṭhabhātiko te sāgato kuhiṃ gato’’ti? ‘‘Parinibbuto, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Mātā pana te sādhinī kaha’’nti? ‘‘Mahāniraye nibbattā, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Kaniṭṭhabhaginī ca te tāpanā kaha’’nti? ‘‘Mahāniraye nibbattā, bhante’’ti. ‘‘Idāni tvaṃ kahaṃ gamissasī’’ti? ‘‘Avīcimahānirayameva, bhante’’ti vatvā vippaṭisārābhibhūto nāvaṃ sīsena paharitvā tāvadeva kālaṃ katvā niraye nibbatti. Mahājano saṃviggo ahosi lomahaṭṭhajāto.

Atha bhagavā tasmiṃ khaṇe sannipatitāya parisāya cittācāraṃ oloketvā taṅkhaṇānurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ ‘‘dhammacariyaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, etadāhu vasuttama’’nti suttanipāte (su. ni. 276) kapilasuttaṃ kathetvā imā gāthā abhāsi –

334.

‘‘Manujassa pamattacārino, taṇhā vaḍḍhati māluvā viya;

So plavatī hurā huraṃ, phalamicchaṃva vanasmi vānaro.

335.

‘‘Yaṃ esā sahate jammī, taṇhā loke visattikā;

Sokā tassa pavaḍḍhanti, abhivaṭṭhaṃva bīraṇaṃ.

336.

‘‘Yo cetaṃ sahate jammiṃ, taṇhaṃ loke duraccayaṃ;

Sokā tamhā papatanti, udabinduva pokkharā.

337.

‘‘Taṃ vo vadāmi bhaddaṃ vo, yāvantettha samāgatā;

Taṇhāya mūlaṃ khaṇatha, usīratthova bīraṇaṃ;

Mā vo naḷaṃva sotova, māro bhañji punappuna’’nti.

Tattha pamattacārinoti sativossaggalakkhaṇena pamādena pamattacārissa puggalassa neva jhānaṃ na vipassanā na maggaphalāni vaḍḍhanti. Yathā pana rukkhaṃ saṃsibbantī pariyonandhantī tassa vināsāya māluvālatā vaḍḍhati , evamassa cha dvārāni nissāya punappunaṃ uppajjanato taṇhā vaḍḍhatīti attho. So plavatī hurā huranti so taṇhāvasiko puggalo bhave bhave uplavati dhāvati. Yathā kiṃ viyāti? Phalamicchaṃva vanasmi vānaro, yathā rukkhaphalaṃ icchanto vānaro vanasmiṃ dhāvati, tassa tassa rukkhassa sākhaṃ gaṇhāti, taṃ muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhāti, tampi muñcitvā aññaṃ gaṇhāti, ‘‘sākhaṃ alabhitvā sannisinno’’ti vattabbataṃ nāpajjati, evameva taṇhāvasiko puggalo hurā huraṃ dhāvanto ‘‘ārammaṇaṃ alabhitvā taṇhāya apavattaṃ patto’’ti vattabbataṃ nāpajjati.

Yanti yaṃ puggalaṃ esā lāmakabhāvena jammī visāhāratāya visapupphatāya visaphalatāya visaparibhogatāya rūpādīsu visattatāya āsattatāya visattikāti saṅkhyaṃ gatā chadvārikataṇhā abhibhavati. Yathā nāma vassāne punappunaṃ vassantena devena abhivaṭṭhaṃ bīraṇatiṇaṃ vaḍḍhati, evaṃ tassa puggalassa anto vaṭṭamūlakā sokā abhivaḍḍhantīti attho.

Duraccayanti yo pana puggalo evaṃ vuttappakāraṃ atikkamituṃ pajahituṃ dukkaratāya duraccayaṃ taṇhaṃ sahati abhibhavati, tamhā puggalā vaṭṭamūlakā sokā papatanti. Yathā nāma pokkhare padumapatte patitaṃ udakabindu na patiṭṭhāti, evaṃ na patiṭṭhahantīti attho.

Taṃ vo vadāmīti tena kāraṇena ahaṃ tumhe vadāmi. Bhaddaṃ voti bhaddaṃ tumhākaṃ hotu, mā ahaṃ kapilo viya vināsaṃ pāpuṇathāti attho. Mūlanti imissā chadvārikataṇhāya arahattamaggañāṇena mūlaṃ khaṇatha. Kiṃ viyāti? Usīratthova bīraṇaṃ, yathā usīrena atthiko puriso mahantena kudālena bīraṇaṃ khaṇati, evamassā mūlaṃ khaṇathāti attho. Mā vo naḷaṃva sotova, māro bhañji punappunanti mā tumhe nadīsote jātaṃ naḷaṃ mahāvegena āgato nadīsoto viya kilesamāro maraṇamāro devaputtamāro ca punappunaṃ bhañjatūti attho.

Desanāvasāne pañcasatāpi kevaṭṭaputtā saṃvegaṃ āpajjitvā dukkhassantakiriyaṃ patthayamānā satthu santike pabbajitvā na cirasseva dukkhassantaṃ katvā satthārā saddhiṃ āneñjavihārasamāpattidhammaparibhogena ekaparibhogā ahesunti.

Kapilamacchavatthu paṭhamaṃ.

2. Sūkarapotikāvatthu

Yathāpi mūleti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto gūthasūkarapotikaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiṃ kira samaye satthā rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pavisanto ekaṃ sūkarapotikaṃ disvā sitaṃ pātvākāsi. Tassa sitaṃ karontassa mukhavivaraniggataṃ dantobhāsamaṇḍalaṃ disvā ānandatthero ‘‘ko nu kho, bhante, hetu sitassa pātukammāyā’’ti sitakāraṇaṃ pucchi. Atha naṃ satthā āha – ‘‘passasetaṃ, ānanda, sūkarapotika’’nti? ‘‘Āma, bhante’’ti. Esā kakusandhassa bhagavato sāsane ekāya āsanasālāya sāmantā kukkuṭī ahosi. Sā ekassa yogāvacarassa vipassanākammaṭṭhānaṃ sajjhāyantassa dhammaghosaṃ sutvā tato cutā rājakule nibbattitvā ubbarī nāma rājadhītā ahosi. Sā aparabhāge sarīravalañjaṭṭhānaṃ paviṭṭhā puḷavakarāsiṃ disvā tattha puḷavakasaññaṃ uppādetvā paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ paṭilabhi. Sā tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā tato cutā brahmaloke nibbatti. Tato cavitvā puna gativasena ālulamānā idāni sūkarayoniyaṃ nibbatti, idaṃ kāraṇaṃ disvā mayā sitaṃ pātukatanti. Taṃ sutvā ānandattherappamukhā bhikkhū mahantaṃ saṃvegaṃ paṭilabhiṃsu. Satthā tesaṃ saṃvegaṃ uppādetvā bhavataṇhāya ādīnavaṃ pakāsento antaravīthiyaṃ ṭhitakova imā gāthā abhāsi –

338.

‘‘Yathāpi mūle anupaddave daḷhe,

Chinnopi rukkho punareva rūhati;

Evampi taṇhānusaye anūhate,

Nibbattatī dukkhamidaṃ punappunaṃ.

339.

‘‘Yassa chattiṃsati sotā, manāpasavanā bhusā;

Mahāvahanti duddiṭṭhiṃ, saṅkappā rāganissitā.

340.

‘‘Savanti sabbadhi sotā, latā uppajja tiṭṭhati;

Tañca disvā lataṃ jātaṃ, mūlaṃ paññāya chindatha.

341.

‘‘Saritāni sinehitāni ca,

Somanassāni honti jantuno;

Te sātasitā sukhesino,

Te ve jātijarūpagā narā.

342.

‘‘Tasiṇāya purakkhatā pajā,

Parisappanti sasova bandhito;

Saṃyojanasaṅgasattakā,

Dukkhamupenti punappunaṃ cirāya.

343.

‘‘Tasiṇāya purakkhatā pajā,

Parisappanti sasova bandhito;

Tasmā tasiṇaṃ vinodaye,

Ākaṅkhanta virāgamattano’’ti.

Tattha mūleti yassa rukkhassa catūsu disāsu catudhā heṭṭhā ca ujukameva gate pañcavidhamūle chedanaphālanapācanavijjhanādīnaṃ kenaci upaddavena anupaddave thirapattatāya daḷhe so rukkho uparicchinnopi sākhānaṃ vasena punadeva rūhati, evameva chadvārikāya taṇhāya anusaye arahattamaggañāṇena anuhate asamucchinne tasmiṃ tasmiṃ bhave jātiādibhedaṃ idaṃ dukkhaṃ punappunaṃ nibbattatiyevāti attho.

Yassāti yassa puggalassa ‘‘iti ajjhattikassūpādāya aṭṭhārasa taṇhāvicaritāni bāhirassūpādāya aṭṭhārasa taṇhāvicaritānī’’ti imesaṃ taṇhāvicaritānaṃ vasena chattiṃsatiyā sotehi samannāgatā manāpesu rūpādīsu āsavati pavattatīti manāpasavanā taṇhā bhusā balavatī hoti, taṃ puggalaṃ vipannañāṇatāya duddiṭṭhiṃ punappunaṃ uppajjanato mahantabhāvena mahā hutvā jhānaṃ vā vipassanaṃ vā anissāya rāganissitā saṅkappā vahantīti attho.

Savanti sabbadhi sotāti ime taṇhāsotā cakkhudvārādīnaṃ vasena sabbesu rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu savanato, sabbāpi rūpataṇhā…pe… dhammataṇhāti sabbabhavesu vā savanato sabbadhi savanti nāma. Latāti paliveṭhanaṭṭhena saṃsibbanaṭṭhena ca latā viyāti latā. Uppajja tiṭṭhatīti chahi dvārehi uppajjitvā rūpādīsu ārammaṇesu tiṭṭhati. Tañca disvāti taṃ pana taṇhālataṃ ‘‘etthesā taṇhā uppajjamānā uppajjatī’’ti jātaṭṭhānavasena disvā. Paññāyāti satthena vane jātaṃ lataṃ viya maggapaññāya mūle chindathāti attho.

Saritānīti anusaṭāni payātāni. Sinehitānīti cīvarādīsu pavattasinehavasena sinehitāni ca, taṇhāsinehamakkhitānīti attho. Somanassānīti taṇhāvasikassa jantuno evarūpāni somanassāni bhavanti. Te sātasitāti te taṇhāvasikā puggalā sātanissitā sukhanissitā ca hutvā sukhesino sukhapariyesino bhavanti. Te veti ye evarūpā narā, te jātijarābyādhimaraṇāni upagacchantiyevāti jātijarūpagā nāma honti. Pajāti ime sattā tāsakaraṇena tasiṇāti saṅkhyaṃ gatāya taṇhāya purakkhatā parivāritā hutvā.

Bandhitoti luddena araññe baddho saso viya parisappanti bhāyanti. Saṃyojanasaṅgasattakāti dasavidhena saṃyojanasaṅgena ceva sattavidhena rāgasaṅgādinā ca sattā baddhā tasmiṃ vā laggā hutvā. Cirāyāti ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ punappunaṃ jātiādikaṃ dukkhaṃ upagacchantīti attho. Tasmāti yasmā tasiṇāya purakkhatā paliveṭhitā sattā, tasmā attano virāgaṃ rāgādivigamaṃ nibbānaṃ patthento ākaṅkamāno bhikkhu arahattamaggenetaṃ tasiṇaṃ vinodaye panuditvā nīharitvā chaḍḍeyyāti attho.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsu.

Sāpi kho sūkarapotikā tato cavitvā suvaṇṇabhūmiyaṃ rājakule nibbatti, tato cutā bārāṇasiyaṃ, tato cutā suppārakapaṭṭane assavāṇijagehe nibbatti, tato cutā kāvīrapaṭṭane nāvikassa gehe nibbatti, tato cutā anurādhapure issarakulagehe nibbatti, tato cutā tasseva dakkhiṇadisāya bhokkantagāme sumanassa nāma kuṭumbikassa dhītā nāmena sumanā eva hutvā nibbatti. Athassā pitā tasmiṃ gāme chaḍḍite dīghavāpiraṭṭhaṃ gantvā mahāmunigāme nāma vasi. Tattha naṃ duṭṭhagāmaṇirañño amacco lakuṇḍakaatimbaro nāma kenacideva karaṇīyena gato disvā mahantaṃ maṅgalaṃ katvā ādāya mahāpuṇṇagāmaṃ gato. Atha naṃ koṭipabbatamahāvihāravāsī mahāanuruddhatthero nāma tattha piṇḍāya caritvā tassā gehadvāre ṭhito disvā bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ kathesi, ‘‘āvuso, sūkarapotikā nāma lakuṇḍakaatimbaramahāmattassa bhariyabhāvaṃ pattā, aho acchariya’’nti. Sā taṃ kathaṃ sutvā atītabhave ugghāṭetvā jātissarañāṇaṃ paṭilabhi. Taṅkhaṇaññeva uppannasaṃvegā sāmikaṃ yācitvā mahantena issariyena pañcabalakattherīnaṃ santike pabbajitvā tissamahāvihāre mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttakathaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi. Pacchā damiḷamaddane kate ñātīnaṃ vasanaṭṭhānaṃ bhokkantagāmameva gantvā tattha vasantī kallamahāvihāre āsīvisopamasuttantaṃ sutvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi.

Sā parinibbānadivase bhikkhubhikkhunīhi pucchitā bhikkhunisaṅghassa sabbaṃ imaṃ pavattiṃ nirantaraṃ kathetvā sannipatitassa bhikkhusaṅghassa majjhe maṇḍalārāmavāsinā dhammapadabhāṇakamahātissattherena saddhiṃ saṃsanditvā ‘‘ahaṃ pubbe manussayoniyaṃ nibbattitvā tato cutā kukkuṭī hutvā tattha senassa santikā sīsacchedaṃ patvā rājagahe nibbattā, paribbājikāsu pabbajitvā paṭhamajjhānabhūmiyaṃ nibbattitvā tato cutā seṭṭhikule nibbattā nacirasseva cavitvā sūkarayoniṃ gantvā tato cutā suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ, tato cutā bārāṇasiṃ, tato cutā suppārakapaṭṭanaṃ, tato cutā kāvīrapaṭṭanaṃ, tato cutā anurādhapuraṃ, tato cutā bhokkantagāma’’nti evaṃ samavisame terasa attabhāve patvā ‘‘idāni ukkaṇṭhitvā pabbajitvā arahattaṃ pattā, sabbepi appamādena sampādethā’’ti vatvā catasso parisā saṃvejetvā parinibbāyīti.

Sūkarapotikāvatthu dutiyaṃ.

3. Vibbhantabhikkhuvatthu

Yonibbanathoti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto ekaṃ vibbhantakaṃ bhikkhuṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Eko kira mahākassapattherassa saddhivihāriko hutvā cattāri jhānāni uppādetvāpi attano mātulassa suvaṇṇakārassa gehe visabhāgārammaṇaṃ disvā tattha paṭibaddhacitto vibbhami. Atha naṃ manussā alasabhāvena kammaṃ kātuṃ anicchantaṃ gehā nīhariṃsu. So pāpamittasaṃsaggena corakammena jīvikaṃ kappento vicari. Atha naṃ ekadivasaṃ gahetvā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā catukke catukke kasāhi tāḷentā āghātanaṃ nayiṃsu. Thero piṇḍāya carituṃ pavisanto taṃ dakkhiṇena dvārena nīhariyamānaṃ disvā bandhanaṃ sithilaṃ kāretvā ‘‘pubbe tayā paricitakammaṭṭhānaṃ puna āvajjehī’’ti āha. So tena ovādena satuppādaṃ labhitvā puna catutthajjhānaṃ nibbattesi. Atha naṃ ‘‘āghātanaṃ netvā ghātessāmā’’ti sūle uttāsesuṃ. So na bhāyati na santasati. Athassa tasmiṃ tasmiṃ disābhāge ṭhitā manussā asisattitomarādīni āvudhāni ukkhipitvāpi taṃ asantasantameva disvā ‘‘passatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ, anekasatānañhi āvudhahatthānaṃ purisānaṃ majjhe neva chambhati na vedhati, aho acchariya’’nti acchariyabbhutajātā mahānādaṃ naditvā rañño taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesuṃ. Rājā taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā ‘‘vissajjetha na’’nti āha. Satthu santikampi gantvā tamatthaṃ ārocayiṃsu. Satthā obhāsaṃ pharitvā tassa dhammaṃ desento imaṃ gāthamāha –

344.

‘‘Yo nibbanatho vanādhimutto,

Vanamutto vanameva dhāvati;

Taṃ puggalametha passatha,

Mutto bandhanameva dhāvatī’’ti.

Tassattho – yo puggalo gihibhāve ālayasaṅkhātaṃ vanathaṃ chaḍḍetvā pabbajitatāya nibbanatho dibbavihārasaṅkhāte tapovane adhimutto gharāvāsabandhanasaṅkhātā taṇhāvanā mutto hutvā puna gharāvāsabandhanasaṅkhātaṃ taṇhāvanameva dhāvati, etha taṃ puggalaṃ passatha, eso gharāvāsabandhanato mutto gharāvāsabandhanameva dhāvatīti.

Imaṃ pana desanaṃ sutvā so rājapurisānaṃ antare sūlagge nisinnova udayabbayaṃ paṭṭhapetvā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasanto sotāpattiphalaṃ patvā samāpattisukhaṃ anubhavanto vehāsaṃ uppatitvā ākāseneva satthu santikaṃ gantvā satthāraṃ vanditvā sarājikāya parisāya majjheyeva arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti.

Vibbhantabhikkhuvatthu tatiyaṃ.

4. Bandhanāgāravatthu

Nataṃ daḷhanti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto bandhanāgāraṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiṃ kira kāle bahū sandhicchedakapanthaghātakamanussaghātake core ānetvā kosalarañño dassayiṃsu. Te rājā andubandhanarajjubandhanasaṅkhalikabandhanehi bandhāpesi. Tiṃsamattāpi kho jānapadā bhikkhū satthāraṃ daṭṭhukāmā āgantvā disvā vanditvā punadivase sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya carantā bandhanāgāraṃ gantvā te core disvā piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā sāyanhasamaye tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā, ‘‘bhante, ajja amhehi piṇḍāya carantehi bandhanāgāre bahū corā andubandhanādīhi baddhā mahādukkhaṃ anubhavantā diṭṭhā, te tāni bandhanāni chinditvā palāyituṃ na sakkonti, atthi nu kho, bhante, tehi bandhanehi thirataraṃ aññaṃ bandhanaṃ nāmā’’ti pucchiṃsu. Satthā, ‘‘bhikkhave, kiṃ bandhanāni nāmetāni, yaṃ panetaṃ dhanadhaññaputtadārādīsu taṇhāsaṅkhātaṃ kilesabandhanaṃ, etaṃ etehi sataguṇena sahassaguṇena satasahassaguṇena thirataraṃ, evaṃ mahantampi panetaṃ ducchindaniyaṃ bandhanaṃ porāṇakapaṇḍitā chinditvā himavantaṃ pavisitvā pabbajiṃsū’’ti vatvā atītaṃ āhari –

Atīte bārāṇasiyaṃ brahmadatte rajjaṃ kārente bodhisatto ekasmiṃ duggatagahapatikule nibbatti. Tassa vayappattassa pitā kālamakāsi. So bhatiṃ katvā mātaraṃ posesi. Athassa mātā anicchamānasseva ekaṃ kuladhītaraṃ gehe katvā aparabhāge kālamakāsi. Bhariyāyapissa kucchiyaṃ gabbho patiṭṭhahi. So gabbhassa patiṭṭhitabhāvaṃ ajānantova, ‘‘bhadde, tvaṃ bhatiṃ katvā jīva, ahaṃ pabbajissāmī’’ti āha. ‘‘Sāmi, nanu gabbho me patiṭṭhito, mayi vijātāya dārakaṃ disvā pabbajissasī’’ti āha. So ‘‘sādhū’’ti sampaṭicchitvā tassā vijātakāle, ‘‘bhadde, tvaṃ sotthinā vijātā, idāni ahaṃ pabbajissāmī’’ti āpucchi. Atha naṃ sā ‘‘puttassa tāva thanapānato apagamanakālaṃ āgamehī’’ti vatvā puna gabbhaṃ gaṇhi. So cintesi – ‘‘imaṃ sampaṭicchāpetvā gantuṃ na sakkā, imissā anācikkhitvāva palāyitvā pabbajissāmī’’ti. So tassā anācikkhitvāva rattibhāge uṭṭhāya palāyi. Atha naṃ nagaraguttikā aggahesuṃ. So ‘‘ahaṃ, sāmi, mātuposako nāma, vissajjetha ma’’nti attānaṃ vissajjāpetvā ekasmiṃ ṭhāne vasitvā isipabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā abhiññāsamāpattiyo labhitvā jhānakīḷāya kīḷanto vihāsi. So tattha vasantoyeva ‘‘evarūpampi nāma me ducchindaniyaṃ puttadārabandhanaṃ kilesabandhanaṃ chinna’’nti imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Satthā imaṃ atītaṃ āharitvā tena udānitaṃ udānaṃ pakāsento imā gāthā abhāsi –

345.

‘‘Na taṃ daḷhaṃ bandhanamāhu dhīrā,

Yadāyasaṃ dārujapabbajañca;

Sārattarattā maṇikuṇḍalesu,

Puttesu dāresu ca yā apekkhā.

346.

‘‘Etaṃ daḷhaṃ bandhanamāhu dhīrā,

Ohārinaṃ sithilaṃ duppamuñcaṃ;

Etampi chetvāna paribbajanti,

Anapekkhino kāmasukhaṃ pahāyā’’ti.

Tattha dhīrāti buddhādayo paṇḍitapurisā yaṃ saṅkhalikasaṅkhātaṃ ayasā nibbattaṃ āyasaṃ, andubandhanasaṅkhātaṃ dārujaṃ, yañca pabbajatiṇehi vā aññehi vā vākādīhi rajjuṃ katvā kataṃ rajjubandhanaṃ, taṃ asiādīhi chindituṃ sakkuṇeyyabhāvena thiranti na vadantīti attho. Sārattarattāti sārattā hutvā rattā, bahalatararāgarattāti attho. Maṇikuṇḍalesūti maṇīsu ceva kuṇḍalesu ca, maṇivicittesu vā kuṇḍalesu. Etaṃ daḷhanti ye maṇikuṇḍalesu sārattarattā, tesaṃ so rāgo ca yā puttadāresu apekkhā taṇhā, etaṃ kilesamayaṃ bandhanañca paṇḍitapurisā daḷhanti vadanti. Ohārinanti ākaḍḍhitvā catūsu apāyesu pātanato avaharati heṭṭhā haratīti ohārinaṃ. Sithilanti bandhanaṭṭhāne chavicammamaṃsāni na chindati, lohitaṃ na nīharati, bandhanabhāvampi ajānāpetvā thalapathajalapathādīsu kammāni kātuṃ detīti sithilaṃ. Duppamuñcanti lobhavasena hi ekavārampi uppannaṃ kilesabandhanaṃ daṭṭhaṭṭhānato kacchapo viya dummociyaṃ hotīti duppamuñcaṃ. Etampi chetvānāti etaṃ daḷhampi kilesabandhanaṃ ñāṇakhaggena chinditvā anapekkhino hutvā kāmasukhaṃ pahāya paribbajanti, pakkamanti pabbajantīti attho.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

Bandhanāgāravatthu catutthaṃ.

5. Khemātherīvatthu

Ye rāgarattāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto khemaṃ nāma rañño bimbisārassa aggamahesiṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Sā kira padumuttarapādamūle patthitapatthanā ativiya abhirūpā pāsādikā ahosi. ‘‘Satthā kira rūpassa dosaṃ kathetī’’ti sutvā pana satthu santikaṃ gantuṃ na icchi. Rājā tassā rūpamadamattabhāvaṃ ñatvā veḷuvanavaṇṇanāpaṭisaṃyuttāni gītāni kāretvā naṭādīnaṃ dāpesi. Tesaṃ tāni gāyantānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā tassā veḷuvanaṃ adiṭṭhapubbaṃ viya asutapubbaṃ viya ca ahosi. Sā ‘‘kataraṃ uyyānaṃ sandhāya gāyathā’’ti pucchitvā, ‘‘devī, tumhākaṃ veḷuvanuyyānamevā’’ti vutte uyyānaṃ gantukāmā ahosi. Satthā tassā āgamanaṃ ñatvā parisamajjhe nisīditvā dhammaṃ desentova tālavaṇṭaṃ ādāya attano passe ṭhatvā bījamānaṃ abhirūpaṃ itthiṃ nimmini. Khemā, devīpi pavisamānāva taṃ itthiṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘sammāsambuddho rūpassa dosaṃ kathetīti vadanti, ayañcassa santike itthī bījayamānā ṭhitā, nāhaṃ imissā kalabhāgampi upemi, na mayā īdisaṃ itthirūpaṃ diṭṭhapubbaṃ, satthāraṃ abhūtena abbhācikkhanti maññe’’ti cintetvā tathāgatassa kathāsaddampi anisāmetvā tameva itthiṃ olokayamānā aṭṭhāsi. Satthā tassā tasmiṃ rūpe uppannabahumānataṃ ñatvā taṃ rūpaṃ paṭhamavayādivasena dassetvā heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva pariyosāne aṭṭhimattāvasānaṃ katvā dassesi. Khemā taṃ disvā ‘‘evarūpampi nāmetaṃ rūpaṃ muhutteneva khayavayaṃ sampattaṃ, natthi vata imasmiṃ rūpe sāro’’ti cintesi. Satthā tassā cittācāraṃ oloketvā, ‘‘kheme, tvaṃ ‘imasmiṃ rūpe sāro atthī’ti cintesi, passa dānissa asārabhāva’’nti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Āturaṃ asuciṃ pūtiṃ, passa kheme samussayaṃ;

Uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ, bālānaṃ abhipatthita’’nti. (apa. therī 2.2.354);

Sā gāthāpariyosāne sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi. Atha naṃ satthā, ‘‘kheme, ime sattā rāgarattā dosapaduṭṭhā mohamūḷhā attano taṇhāsotaṃ samatikkamituṃ na sakkonti, tattheva laggantī’’ti vatvā dhammaṃ desento imaṃ gāthamāha –

347.

‘‘Ye rāgarattānupatanti sotaṃ,

Sayaṃ kataṃ makkaṭakova jālaṃ;

Etampi chetvāna vajanti dhīrā,

Anapekkhino sabbadukkhaṃ pahāyā’’ti.

Tattha makkaṭakova jālanti yathā nāma makkaṭako suttajālaṃ katvā majjhe ṭhāne nābhimaṇḍale nipanno pariyante patitaṃ paṭaṅgaṃ vā makkhikaṃ vā vegena gantvā vijjhitvā tassa rasaṃ pivitvā puna gantvā tasmiṃyeva ṭhāne nipajjati, evameva ye sattā rāgarattā dosapaduṭṭhā mohamūḷhā sayaṃkataṃ taṇhāsotaṃ anupatanti, te taṃ samatikkamituṃ na sakkonti, evaṃ duratikkamaṃ. Etampi chetvāna vajanti dhīrāti paṇḍitā etaṃ bandhanaṃ chetvā anapekkhino nirālayā hutvā arahattamaggena sabbadukkhaṃ pahāya vajanti, gacchantīti attho.

Desanāvasāne khemā arahatte patiṭṭhahi, mahājanassāpi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosi. Satthā rājānaṃ āha – ‘‘mahārāja, khemāya pabbajituṃ vā parinibbāyituṃ vā vaṭṭatī’’ti. Bhante, pabbājetha naṃ, alaṃ parinibbānenāti. Sā pabbajitvā aggasāvikā ahosīti.

Khemātherīvatthu pañcamaṃ.

6. Uggasenavatthu

Muñca pureti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā veḷuvane viharanto uggasenaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Pañcasatā kira naṭā saṃvacchare vā chamāse vā patte rājagahaṃ gantvā rañño sattāhaṃ samajjaṃ katvā bahuṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇaṃ labhanti, antarantare ukkhepadāyānaṃ pariyanto natthi. Mahājano mañcātimañcādīsu ṭhatvā samajjaṃ olokesi. Athekā laṅghikadhītā vaṃsaṃ abhiruyha tassa upari parivattitvā tassa pariyante ākāse caṅkamamānā naccati ceva gāyati ca. Tasmiṃ samaye uggaseno nāma seṭṭhiputto sahāyakena saddhiṃ mañcātimañce ṭhito taṃ oloketvā tassā hatthapādavikkhepādīsu uppannasineho gehaṃ gantvā ‘‘taṃ labhanto jīvissāmi, alabhantassa me idheva maraṇa’’nti āhārūpacchedaṃ katvā mañcake nipajji. Mātāpitūhi, ‘‘tāta, kiṃ te rujjatī’’ti pucchitopi ‘‘taṃ me naṭadhītaraṃ labhantassa jīvitaṃ atthi, alabhantassa me idheva maraṇa’’nti vatvā, ‘‘tāta, mā evaṃ kari, aññaṃ te amhākaṃ kulassa ca bhogānañca anurūpaṃ kumārikaṃ ānessāmā’’ti vuttepi tatheva vatvā nipajji. Athassa pitā bahuṃ yācitvāpi taṃ saññāpetuṃ asakkonto tassa sahāyaṃ pakkosāpetvā kahāpaṇasahassaṃ datvā ‘‘ime kahāpaṇe gahetvā attano dhītaraṃ mayhaṃ puttassa detū’’ti pahiṇi. So ‘‘nāhaṃ kahāpaṇe gahetvā demi, sace pana so imaṃ alabhitvā jīvituṃ na sakkoti, tena hi amhehi saddhiṃyeva vicaratu, dassāmissa dhītara’’nti āha. Mātāpitaro puttassa tamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. So ‘‘ahaṃ tehi saddhiṃ vicarissāmī’’ti vatvā yācantānampi tesaṃ kathaṃ anādiyitvā nikkhamitvā nāṭakassa santikaṃ agamāsi. So tassa dhītaraṃ datvā tena saddhiṃyeva gāmanigamarājadhānīsu sippaṃ dassento vicari.

Sāpi tena saddhiṃ saṃvāsamanvāya nacirasseva puttaṃ labhitvā kīḷāpayamānā ‘‘sakaṭagopakassa putta, bhaṇḍahārakassa putta, kiñci ajānakassa puttā’’ti vadati. Sopi nesaṃ sakaṭaparivattakaṃ katvā ṭhitaṭṭhāne goṇānaṃ tiṇaṃ āharati, sippadassanaṭṭhāne laddhabhaṇḍakaṃ ukkhipitvā harati . Tadeva kira sandhāya sā itthī puttaṃ kīḷāpayamānā tathā vadati. So attānaṃ ārabbha tassā gāyanabhāvaṃ ñatvā taṃ pucchi – ‘‘maṃ sandhāya kathesī’’ti? ‘‘Āma, taṃ sandhāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ sante ahaṃ palāyissāmī’’ti . Sā ‘‘kiṃ pana mayhaṃ tayā palāyitena vā āgatena vā’’ti punappunaṃ tadeva gītaṃ gāyati. Sā kira attano rūpasampattiñceva dhanalābhañca nissāya taṃ kismiñci na maññati. So ‘‘kiṃ nu kho nissāya imissā ayaṃ māno’’ti cintento ‘‘sippaṃ nissāyā’’ti ñatvā ‘‘hotu, sippaṃ uggaṇhissāmī’’ti sasuraṃ upasaṅkamitvā tassa jānanakasippaṃ uggaṇhitvā gāmanigamādīsu sippaṃ dassento anupubbena rājagahaṃ āgantvā ‘‘ito sattame divase uggaseno seṭṭhiputto nagaravāsīnaṃ sippaṃ dassessatī’’ti ārocāpesi.

Nagaravāsino mañcātimañcādayo bandhāpetvā sattame divase sannipatiṃsu. Sopi saṭṭhihatthaṃ vaṃsaṃ abhiruyha tassa matthake aṭṭhāsi. Taṃ divasaṃ satthā paccūsakāle lokaṃ volokento taṃ attano ñāṇajālassa anto paviṭṭhaṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ nu kho bhavissatī’’ti āvajjento ‘‘sve seṭṭhiputto sippaṃ dassessāmīti vaṃsamatthake ṭhassati, tassa dassanatthaṃ mahājano sannipatissati. Tatra ahaṃ catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ desessāmi, taṃ sutvā caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo bhavissati, uggasenopi arahatte patiṭṭhahissatī’’ti aññāsi. Satthā punadivase kālaṃ sallakkhetvā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Uggasenopi satthari antonagaraṃ apaviṭṭheyeva unnādanatthāya mahājanassa aṅgulisaññaṃ datvā vaṃsamatthake patiṭṭhāya ākāseyeva satta vāre parivattitvā oruyha vaṃsamatthake aṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe satthā nagaraṃ pavisanto yathā taṃ parisā na oloketi, evaṃ katvā attānameva olokāpesi. Uggaseno parisaṃ oloketvā ‘‘na maṃ parisā oloketī’’ti domanassappatto ‘‘idaṃ mayā saṃvacchare kattabbaṃ sippaṃ, satthari nagaraṃ pavisante parisā maṃ anoloketvā satthārameva oloketi, moghaṃ vata me sippadassanaṃ jāta’’nti cintesi.

Satthā tassa cittaṃ ñatvā mahāmoggallānaṃ āmantetvā ‘‘gaccha, moggallāna, seṭṭhiputtaṃ vadehi ‘sippaṃ kira dassetū’’’ti āha. Thero gantvā vaṃsassa heṭṭhā ṭhito seṭṭhiputtaṃ āmantetvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Iṅgha passa naṭaputta, uggasena mahabbala;

Karohi raṅgaṃ parisāya, hāsayassu mahājana’’nti.

So therassa kathaṃ sutvā tuṭṭhamānaso hutvā ‘‘satthā maññe mama sippaṃ passitukāmo’’ti vaṃsamatthake ṭhitakova imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Iṅgha passa mahāpañña, moggallāna mahiddhika;

Karomi raṅgaṃ parisāya, hāsayāmi mahājana’’nti.

Evañca pana vatvā vaṃsamatthakato vehāsaṃ abbhuggantvā ākāseva cuddasakkhattuṃ parivattitvā oruyha vaṃsamatthakeva aṭṭhāsi. Atha naṃ satthā, ‘‘uggasena, paṇḍitena nāma atītānāgatapaccuppannesu khandhesu ālayaṃ pahāya jātiādīhi muccituṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

348.

‘‘Muñca pure muñca pacchato,

Majjhe muñca bhavassa pāragū;

Sabbattha vimuttamānaso,

Na punaṃ jātijaraṃ upehisī’’ti.

Tattha muñca pureti atītesu khandhesu ālayaṃ nikantiṃ ajjhosānaṃ patthanaṃ pariyuṭṭhānaṃ gāhaṃ parāmāsaṃ taṇhaṃ muñca. Pacchatoti anāgatesupi khandhesu ālayādīni muñca. Majjheti paccuppannesupi tāni muñca. Bhavassa pāragūti evaṃ sante tividhassāpi bhavassa abhiññāpariññāpahānabhāvanāsacchikiriyavasena pāragū pāraṅgato hutvā khandhadhātuāyatanādibhede sabbasaṅkhate vimuttamānaso viharanto puna jātijarāmaraṇāni na upagacchatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Seṭṭhiputtopi vaṃsamatthake ṭhitakova saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā vaṃsato oruyha satthu santikaṃ āgantvā pañcapatiṭṭhitena satthāraṃ vanditvā pabbajjaṃ yāci. Atha naṃ satthā dakkhiṇahatthaṃ pasāretvā ‘‘ehi bhikkhū’’ti āha. So tāvadeva aṭṭhaparikkhāradharo saṭṭhivassikatthero viya ahosi. Atha naṃ bhikkhū, ‘‘āvuso uggasena, saṭṭhihatthassa te vaṃsassa matthakato otarantassa bhayaṃ nāma nāhosī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘natthi me, āvuso, bhaya’’nti vutte satthu ārocesuṃ, ‘‘bhante, uggaseno ‘na bhāyāmī’ti vadati, abhūtaṃ vatvā aññaṃ byākarotī’’ti. Satthā ‘‘na, bhikkhave, mama puttena uggasenena sadisā chinnasaṃyojanā bhikkhū bhāyanti, na tasantī’’ti vatvā brāhmaṇavagge imaṃ gāthamāha –

‘‘Sabbasaṃyojanaṃ chetvā, yo ve na paritassati;

Saṅgātigaṃ visaṃyuttaṃ, tamahaṃ brūmi brāhmaṇa’’nti. (dha. pa. 397; su. ni. 626);

Desanāvasāne bahūnaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Punekadivasaṃ bhikkhū dhammasabhāyaṃ kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesuṃ ‘‘kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, evaṃ arahattūpanissayasampannassa bhikkhuno naṭadhītaraṃ nissāya naṭehi saddhiṃ vicaraṇakāraṇaṃ, kiṃ arahattūpanissayakāraṇa’’nti? Satthā āgantvā ‘‘kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘imāya nāmā’’ti vutte, ‘‘bhikkhave, ubhayampetaṃ iminā eva kata’’nti vatvā tamatthaṃ pakāsetuṃ atītaṃ āhari.

Atīte kira kassapadasabalassa suvaṇṇacetiye kariyamāne bārāṇasivāsino kulaputtā bahuṃ khādanīyabhojanīyaṃ yānakesu āropetvā ‘‘hatthakammaṃ karissāmā’’ti cetiyaṭṭhānaṃ gacchantā antarāmagge ekaṃ theraṃ piṇḍāya pavisantaṃ passiṃsu. Athekā kuladhītā theraṃ oloketvā sāmikaṃ āha – ‘‘sāmi, ayyo, piṇḍāya pavisati, yānake ca no bahuṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ, pattamassa āhara, bhikkhaṃ dassāmā’’ti. So taṃ pattaṃ āharitvā khādanīyabhojanīyassa pūretvā therassa hatthe patiṭṭhapetvā ubhopi patthanaṃ kariṃsu, ‘‘bhante, tumhehi diṭṭhadhammasseva bhāgino bhaveyyāmā’’ti. Sopi thero khīṇāsavova, tasmā olokento tesaṃ patthanāya samijjhanabhāvaṃ ñatvā sitaṃ akāsi. Taṃ disvā sā itthī sāmikaṃ āha – ‘‘amhākaṃ, ayyo, sitaṃ karoti, eko naṭakārako bhavissatī’’ti. Sāmikopissā ‘‘evaṃ bhavissati, bhadde’’ti vatvā pakkāmi. Idaṃ tesaṃ pubbakammaṃ. Te tattha yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā devaloke nibbattitvā tato cavitvā sā itthī naṭagehe nibbatti, puriso seṭṭhigehe. So ‘‘evaṃ, bhadde, bhavissatī’’ti tassā paṭivacanassa dinnattā naṭehi saddhiṃ vicari. Khīṇāsavattherassa dinnapiṇḍapātaṃ nissāya arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Sāpi naṭadhītā ‘‘yā me sāmikassa gati, mayhampi sā eva gatī’’ti pabbajitvā arahatte patiṭṭhahīti.

Uggasenavatthu chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Cūḷadhanuggahapaṇḍitavatthu

Vitakkamathitassāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto cūḷadhanuggahapaṇḍitaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Eko kira daharabhikkhu salākagge attano pattasalākaṃ gahetvā salākayāguṃ ādāya āsanasālaṃ gantvā pivi. Tattha udakaṃ alabhitvā udakatthāya ekaṃ gharaṃ agamāsi. Tattha taṃ ekā kumārikā disvāva uppannasinehā, ‘‘bhante, puna pānīyena atthe sati idheva āgaccheyyāthā’’ti āha. So tato paṭṭhāya yadā pānīyaṃ na labhati, tadā tattheva gacchati. Sāpissa pattaṃ gahetvā pānīyaṃ deti. Evaṃ gacchante kāle yāgumpi datvā punekadivasaṃ tattheva nisīdāpetvā bhattaṃ adāsi. Santike cassa nisīditvā , ‘‘bhante, imasmiṃ gehe na kiñci natthi nāma, kevalaṃ mayaṃ vicaraṇakamanussameva na labhāmā’’ti kathaṃ samuṭṭhāpesi. So kathipāheneva tassā kathaṃ sutvā ukkaṇṭhi. Atha naṃ ekadivasaṃ āgantukā bhikkhū disvā ‘‘kasmā tvaṃ, āvuso, kiso uppaṇḍupaṇḍukajātosī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘ukkaṇṭhitomhi, āvuso’’ti vutte ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ santikaṃ nayiṃsu. Tepi naṃ satthu santikaṃ netvā tamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. Satthā ‘‘saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, bhikkhu, ukkaṇṭhitosī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘sacca’’nti vutte ‘‘kasmā tvaṃ mādisassa āraddhavīriyassa buddhassa sāsane pabbajitvā ‘sotāpanno’ti vā ‘sakadāgāmī’ti vā attānaṃ avadāpetvā ‘ukkaṇṭhito’ti vadāpesi, bhāriyaṃ te kammaṃ kata’’nti vatvā ‘‘kiṃ kāraṇā ukkaṇṭhitosī’’ti pucchi. ‘‘Bhante, ekā maṃ itthī evamāhā’’ti vutte, ‘‘bhikkhu, anacchariyaṃ etaṃ tassā kiriyaṃ. Sā hi pubbe sakalajambudīpe aggadhanuggahapaṇḍitaṃ pahāya taṃmuhuttadiṭṭhake ekasmiṃ sinehaṃ uppādetvā taṃ jīvitakkhayaṃ pāpesī’’ti vatvā tassatthassa pakāsanatthaṃ bhikkhūhi yācito –

Atīte cūḷadhanuggahapaṇḍitakāle takkasilāyaṃ disāpāmokkhassa ācariyassa santike sippaṃ uggahetvā tena tuṭṭhena dinnaṃ dhītaraṃ ādāya bārāṇasiṃ gacchantassa ekasmiṃ aṭavimukhe ekūnapaññāsāya kaṇḍehi ekūnapaññāsacore māretvā kaṇḍesu khīṇesu corajeṭṭhakaṃ gahetvā bhūmiyaṃ pātetvā, ‘‘bhadde, asiṃ āharā’’ti vutte tāya taṅkhaṇaṃ diṭṭhacore sinehaṃ katvā corassa hatthe asitharuṃ ṭhapetvā corena dhanuggahapaṇḍitassa māritabhāvaṃ āvikatvā corena ca taṃ ādāya gacchantena ‘‘mampi esā aññaṃ disvā attano sāmikaṃ viya mārāpessati , kiṃ me imāyā’’ti ekaṃ nadiṃ disvā orimatīre taṃ ṭhapetvā tassā bhaṇḍakaṃ ādāya ‘‘tvaṃ idheva hohi, yāvāhaṃ bhaṇḍikaṃ uttāremī’’ti tattheva taṃ pahāya gamanabhāvañca āvikatvā –

‘‘Sabbaṃ bhaṇḍaṃ samādāya, pāraṃ tiṇṇosi brāhmaṇa;

Paccāgaccha lahuṃ khippaṃ, mampi tārehi dānito.

‘‘Asanthutaṃ maṃ cirasanthutena,

Nimīni bhotī addhuvaṃ dhuvena;

Mayāpi bhotī nimineyya aññaṃ,

Ito ahaṃ dūrataraṃ gamissaṃ.

‘‘Kāyaṃ eḷagalāgumbe, karoti ahuhāsiyaṃ;

Nayīdha naccaṃ vā gītaṃ vā, tāḷaṃ vā susamāhitaṃ;

Anamhikāle susoṇi, kiṃ nu jagghasi sobhane.

‘‘Siṅgāla bāla dummedha, appapaññosi jambuka;

Jīno macchañca pesiñca, kapaṇo viya jhāyasi.

‘‘Sudassaṃ vajjamaññesaṃ, attano pana duddasaṃ;

Jīnā patiñca jārañca, maññe tvaññeva jhāyasi.

‘‘Evametaṃ migarāja, yathā bhāsasi jambuka;

Sā nūnāhaṃ ito gantvā, bhattu hessaṃ vasānugā.

‘‘Yo hare mattikaṃ thālaṃ, kaṃsathālampi so hare;

Katañceva tayā pāpaṃ, punapevaṃ karissasī’’ti. (jā. 1.5.128-134) –

Imaṃ pañcakanipāte cūḷadhanuggahajātakaṃ vitthāretvā ‘‘tadā cūḷadhanuggahapaṇḍito tvaṃ ahosi, sā itthī etarahi ayaṃ kumārikā, siṅgālarūpena āgantvā tassā niggahakārako sakko devarājā ahamevā’’ti vatvā ‘‘evaṃ sā itthī taṃmuhuttadiṭṭhake ekasmiṃ sinehena sakalajambudīpe aggapaṇḍitaṃ jīvitā voropesi, taṃ itthiṃ ārabbha uppannaṃ tava taṇhaṃ chinditvā viharāhi bhikkhū’’ti taṃ ovaditvā uttarimpi dhammaṃ desento imā dve gāthā abhāsi –

349.

‘‘Vitakkamathitassa jantuno,

Tibbarāgassa subhānupassino;

Bhiyyo taṇhā pavaḍḍhati,

Esa kho daḷhaṃ karoti bandhanaṃ.

350.

‘‘Vitakkūpasame ca yo rato,

Asubhaṃ bhāvayate sadā sato;

Esa kho byanti kāhiti,

Esa checchati mārabandhana’’nti.

Tattha vitakkamathitassāti kāmavitakkādīhi vitakkehi nimmathitassa. Tibbarāgassāti bahalarāgassa. Subhānupassinoti iṭṭhārammaṇe subhanimittagāhādivasena vissaṭṭhamānasatāya subhanti anupassantassa. Taṇhāti evarūpassa jhānādīsu ekampi na vaḍḍhati, atha kho chadvārikā taṇhāyeva bhiyyo vaḍḍhati. Esa khoti eso puggalo taṇhābandhanaṃ daḷhaṃ suthiraṃ karoti. Vitakkūpasameti micchāvitakkādīnaṃ vūpasamasaṅkhāte dasasu asubhesu paṭhamajjhāne. Sadā satoti yo ettha abhirato hutvā niccaṃ upaṭṭhitasatitāya sato taṃ asubhajhānaṃ bhāveti. Byanti kāhitīti esa bhikkhu tīsu bhavesu uppajjanakaṃ taṇhaṃ vigatantaṃ karissati. Mārabandhananti eso tebhūmakavaṭṭasaṅkhātaṃ mārabandhanampi chindissatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne so bhikkhu sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosīti.

Cūḷadhanuggahapaṇḍitavatthu sattamaṃ.

8. Māravatthu

Niṭṭhaṅgatoti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto māraṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekadivasañhi vikāle sambahulā therā jetavanavihāraṃ pavisitvā rāhulattherassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā taṃ uṭṭhāpesuṃ. So aññattha vasanaṭṭhānaṃ apassanto tathāgatassa gandhakuṭiyā pamukhe nipajji. Tadā so āyasmā arahattaṃ patto avassikova hoti. Māro vasavattibhavane ṭhitoyeva taṃ āyasmantaṃ gandhakuṭipamukhe nipannaṃ disvā cintesi – ‘‘samaṇassa gotamassa rujanakaaṅgulī bahi nipanno, sayaṃ antogandhakuṭiyaṃ nipanno, aṅguliyā pīḷiyamānāya sayampi pīḷito bhavissatī’’ti. So mahantaṃ hatthirājavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā āgamma soṇḍāya therassa matthakaṃ parikkhipitvā mahantena saddena koñcanādaṃ ravi. Satthā gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnova tassa mārabhāvaṃ ñatvā, ‘‘māra, tādisānaṃ satasahassenāpi mama puttassa bhayaṃ uppādetuṃ na sakkā. Putto hi me asantāsī vītataṇho mahāvīriyo mahāpañño’’ti vatvā imā gāthā abhāsi –

351.

‘‘Niṭṭhaṅgato asantāsī, vītataṇho anaṅgaṇo;

Acchindi bhavasallāni, antimoyaṃ samussayo.

352.

‘‘Vītataṇho anādāno, niruttipadakovido;

Akkharānaṃ sannipātaṃ, jaññā pubbāparāni ca;

Sa ve antimasārīro,

Mahāpañño mahāpurisoti vuccatī’’ti.

Tattha niṭṭhaṅgatoti imasmiṃ sāsane pabbajitānaṃ arahattaṃ niṭṭhaṃ nāma, taṃ gato pattoti attho. Asantāsīti abbhantare rāgasantāsādīnaṃ abhāvena asantasanako. Acchindi bhavasallānīti sabbānipi bhavagāmīni sallāni acchindi. Samussayoti ayaṃ etassa antimo deho.

Anādānoti khandhādīsu niggahaṇo. Niruttipadakovidoti niruttiyañca sesapadesu cāti catūsupi paṭisambhidāsu chekoti attho. Akkharānaṃ sannipātaṃ, jaññā pubbāparāni cāti akkharānaṃ sannipātasaṅkhātaṃ akkharapiṇḍañca jānāti, pubbakkharena aparakkharaṃ, aparakkharena pubbakkharañca jānāti. Pubbakkharena aparakkharaṃ jānāti nāma – ādimhi paññāyamāne majjhapariyosānesu apaññāyamānesupi ‘‘imesaṃ akkharānaṃ idaṃ majjhaṃ, idaṃ pariyosāna’’nti jānāti. Aparakkharena pubbakkharaṃ jānāti nāma – ante paññāyamāne ādimajjhesu apaññāyamānesu ‘‘imesaṃ akkharānaṃ idaṃ majjhaṃ, ayaṃ ādī’’ti jānāti. Majjhe paññāyamānepi ‘‘imesaṃ akkharānaṃ ayaṃ ādi, ayaṃ anto’’ti jānāti. Evaṃ mahāpañño. Sa ve antimasārīroti esa koṭiyaṃ ṭhitasarīro, mahantānaṃ atthadhammaniruttipaṭibhānānaṃ sīlakkhandhādīnañca pariggāhikāya paññāya samannāgatattā mahāpañño, ‘‘vimuttacittattā khvāhaṃ, sāriputta, mahāpurisoti vadāmī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.377) vacanato vimuttacittatāya ca mahāpurisoti vuccatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsu. Māropi pāpimā ‘‘jānāti maṃ samaṇo gotamo’’ti tatthevantaradhāyīti.

Māravatthu aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Upakājīvakavatthu

Sabbābhibhūti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā antarāmagge upakaṃ ājīvakaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiñhi samaye satthā pattasabbaññutaññāṇo bodhimaṇḍe sattasattāhaṃ vītināmetvā attano pattacīvaramādāya dhammacakkapavattanatthaṃ bārāṇasiṃ sandhāya aṭṭhārasayojanamaggaṃ paṭipanno antarāmagge upakaṃ ājīvakaṃ addasa. Sopi satthāraṃ disvā ‘‘vippasannāni kho te, āvuso, indriyāni, parisuddho chavivaṇṇo pariyodāto, kaṃsi tvaṃ, āvuso, uddissa pabbajito, ko vā te satthā, kassa vā tvaṃ dhammaṃ rocesī’’ti pucchi. Athassa satthā ‘‘mayhaṃ upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā natthī’’ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

353.

‘‘Sabbābhibhū sabbavidūhamasmi,

Sabbesu dhammesu anūpalitto;

Sabbañjaho taṇhakkhaye vimutto,

Sayaṃ abhiññāya kamuddiseyya’’nti.

Tattha sabbābhibhūti sabbesaṃ tebhūmakadhammānaṃ abhibhavanato sabbābhibhū. Sabbavidūti viditasabbacatubhūmakadhammo. Sabbesu dhammesūti sabbesupi tebhūmakadhammesu taṇhādiṭṭhīhi anūpalitto. Sabbañjahoti sabbe tebhūmakadhamme jahitvā ṭhito. Taṇhakkhaye vimuttoti taṇhakkhayante uppādite taṇhakkhayasaṅkhāte arahatte asekhāya vimuttiyā vimutto. Sayaṃ abhiññāyāti abhiññeyyādibhede dhamme sayameva jānitvā. Kamuddiseyyanti ‘‘ayaṃ me upajjhāyo vā ācariyo vā’’ti kaṃ nāma uddiseyyanti.

Desanāvasāne upako ājīvako tathāgatassa vacanaṃ nevābhinandi, na paṭikkosi. Sīsaṃ pana cāletvā jivhaṃ nillāḷetvā ekapadikamaggaṃ gahetvā aññataraṃ luddakanivāsanaṭṭhānaṃ agamāsīti.

Upakājīvakavatthu navamaṃ.

10. Sakkapañhavatthu

Sabbadānanti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto sakkaṃ devarājānaṃ ārabbha kathesi.

Ekasmiñhi samaye tāvatiṃsadevaloke devatā sannipatitvā cattāro pañhe samuṭṭhāpesuṃ ‘‘kataraṃ dānaṃ nu kho dānesu, kataro raso rasesu, katarā rati ratīsu jeṭṭhakā, taṇhakkhayova kasmā jeṭṭhakoti vuccatī’’ti? Te pañhe ekā devatāpi vinicchituṃ nāsakkhi. Eko pana devo ekaṃ devaṃ, sopi aparanti evaṃ aññamaññaṃ pucchantā dasasu cakkavāḷasahassesu dvādasa saṃvaccharāni vicariṃsu. Ettakenāpi kālena pañhānaṃ atthaṃ adisvā dasasahassacakkavāḷadevatā sannipatitvā catunnaṃ mahārājānaṃ santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘kiṃ, tātā, mahādevatāsannipāto’’ti vutte ‘‘cattāro pañhe samuṭṭhāpetvā vinicchituṃ asakkontā tumhākaṃ santikaṃ āgatamhā’’ti. ‘‘Kiṃ pañhaṃ nāmetaṃ, tātā’’ti. ‘‘Dānarasaratīsu katamā dānarasaratī nu kho seṭṭhā, taṇhakkhayova kasmā seṭṭho’’ti ime pañhe vinicchituṃ asakkontā āgatamhāti. Tātā, mayampi imesaṃ atthe na jānāma, amhākaṃ pana rājā janasahassena cintite atthe cintetvā taṅkhaṇeneva jānāti, so amhehi paññāya ca puññena ca visiṭṭho, etha, tassa santikaṃ gacchāmāti tameva devagaṇaṃ ādāya sakkassa devarañño santikaṃ gantvā tenāpi ‘‘kiṃ, tātā, mahanto devasannipāto’’ti vutte tamatthaṃ ārocesuṃ. ‘‘Tātā, imesaṃ pañhānaṃ atthaṃ aññopi jānituṃ na sakkoti, buddhavisayā hete. Satthā panetarahi kahaṃ viharatī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘jetavane’’ti sutvā ‘‘etha, tassa santikaṃ gamissāmā’’ti devagaṇena saddhiṃ rattibhāge sakalaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ ṭhito ‘‘kiṃ, mahārāja, mahatā devasaṅghena āgatosī’’ti vutte, ‘‘bhante, devagaṇena ime nāma pañhā samuṭṭhāpitā, añño imesaṃ atthaṃ jānituṃ samattho nāma natthi, imesaṃ no atthaṃ pakāsethā’’ti āha.

Satthā ‘‘sādhu mahārāja, mayā hi pāramiyo pūretvā mahāpariccāge pariccajitvā tumhādisānaṃ kaṅkhacchedanatthameva sabbaññutaññāṇaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, tayā pucchitapañhesu hi sabbadānānaṃ dhammadānaṃ seṭṭhaṃ, sabbarasānaṃ dhammaraso seṭṭho, sabbaratīnaṃ dhammarati seṭṭhā, taṇhakkhayo pana arahattaṃ sampāpakattā seṭṭhoyevā’’ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

354.

‘‘Sabbadānaṃ dhammadānaṃ jināti,

Sabbarasaṃ dhammaraso jināti;

Sabbaratiṃ dhammarati jināti,

Taṇhakkhayo sabbadukkhaṃ jinātī’’ti.

Tattha sabbadānaṃ dhammadānanti sacepi hi cakkavāḷagabbhe yāva brahmalokā nirantaraṃ katvā sannisinnānaṃ buddhapaccekabuddhakhīṇāsavānaṃ kadaligabbhasadisāni cīvarāni dadeyya, tasmiṃ samāgame catuppadikāya gāthāya katānumodanāva seṭṭhā. Tañhi dānaṃ tassā gāthāya soḷasiṃ kalaṃ nāgghati. Evaṃ dhammassa desanāpi vācanampi savanampi mahantaṃ. Yena ca puggalena bahūnaṃ taṃ dhammassavanaṃ kāritaṃ, tasseva ānisaṃso mahā. Tathārūpāya eva parisāya paṇītapiṇḍapātassa patte pūretvā dinnadānatopi sappitelādīnaṃ patte pūretvā dinnabhesajjadānatopi mahāvihārasadisānaṃ vihārānañca lohapāsādasadisānañca pāsādānaṃ anekāni satasahassāni kāretvā dinnasenāsanadānatopi anāthapiṇḍikādīhi vihāre ārabbha katapariccāgatopi antamaso catuppadikāya gāthāya anumodanāvasenāpi pavattitaṃ dhammadānameva varaṃ seṭṭhaṃ. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Evarūpāni hi puññāni karontā dhammaṃ sutvāva karonti, no asutvā. Sace hi ime sattā dhammaṃ na suṇeyyuṃ, uḷuṅkamattaṃ yāgumpi kaṭacchumattaṃ bhattampi na dadeyyuṃ. Iminā kāraṇena sabbadānehi dhammadānameva seṭṭhaṃ. Apica ṭhapetvā buddhe ca paccekabuddhe ca sakalakappaṃ deve vassante udakabindūni gaṇetuṃ samatthāya paññāya samannāgatā sāriputtādayopi attano dhammatāya sotāpattiphalādīni adhigantuṃ nāsakkhiṃsu, assajittherādīhi kathitadhammaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphalaṃ sacchikariṃsu, satthu dhammadesanāya sāvakapāramīñāṇaṃ sacchikariṃsu. Imināpi kāraṇena, mahārāja, dhammadānameva seṭṭhaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sabbadānaṃ dhammadānaṃ jinātī’’ti.

Sabbe pana gandharasādayopi rasā ukkaṃsato devatānaṃ sudhābhojanarasopi saṃsāravaṭṭe pātetvā dukkhānubhavanasseva paccayo. Yo panesa sattatiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammasaṅkhāto ca navalokuttaradhammasaṅkhāto ca dhammaraso, ayameva sabbarasānaṃ seṭṭho. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sabbarasaṃ dhammaraso jinātī’’ti . Yāpesā puttaratidhīturatidhanaratiitthiratinaccagītavāditādiratipabhedā ca anekappabhedā ratī, sāpi saṃsāravaṭṭe pātetvā dukkhānubhavanasseva paccayo. Yā panesā dhammaṃ kathentassa vā suṇantassa vā vācentassa vā anto uppajjamānā pīti udaggabhāvaṃ janeti, assūni pavatteti, lomahaṃsaṃ janeti, sāyaṃ saṃsāravaṭṭassa antaṃ katvā arahattapariyosānā hoti. Tasmā sabbaratīnaṃ evarūpā dhammaratiyeva seṭṭhā. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘sabbaratiṃ dhammarati jinātī’’ti taṇhakkhayo pana taṇhāya khayante uppannaṃ arahattaṃ sakalassapi vaṭṭadukkhassa abhibhavanato sabbaseṭṭhameva. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘taṇhakkhayo sabbadukkhaṃ jinātī’’ti.

Evaṃ satthari imissā gāthāya atthaṃ kathenteyeva caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi. Sakkopi satthu dhammakathaṃ sutvā satthāraṃ vanditvā evamāha – ‘‘bhante, evaṃjeṭṭhake nāma dhammadāne kimatthaṃ amhākaṃ pattiṃ na dāpetha, ito paṭṭhāya no bhikkhusaṅghassa kathetvā pattiṃ dāpetha, bhante’’ti. Satthā tassa vacanaṃ sutvā bhikkhusaṅghaṃ sannipātetvā, ‘‘bhikkhave, ajjādiṃ katvā mahādhammassavanaṃ vā pākatikadhammassavanaṃ vā upanisinnakathaṃ vā antamaso anumodanampi kathetvā sabbasattānaṃ pattiṃ dadeyyāthā’’ti āha.

Sakkapañhavatthu dasamaṃ.

11. Aputtakaseṭṭhivatthu

Hananti bhogāti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto aputtakaseṭṭhiṃ nāma ārabbha kathesi.

Tassa kira kālakiriyaṃ sutvā rājā pasenadi kosalo ‘‘aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ kassa pāpuṇātī’’ti pucchitvā ‘‘rañño’’ti sutvā sattahi divasehi tassa gehato dhanaṃ rājakulaṃ abhiharāpetvā satthu santikaṃ upasaṅkamitvā ‘‘handa kuto nu tvaṃ, mahārāja, āgacchasi divādivassā’’ti vutte ‘‘idha, bhante, sāvatthiyaṃ seṭṭhi, gahapati, kālakato, tamahaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājantepuraṃ abhiharitvā āgacchāmī’’ti āha. Sabbaṃ sutte (saṃ. ni. 1.130) āgatanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

So kira suvaṇṇapātiyā nānaggarasabhojane upanīte ‘‘evarūpaṃ nāma manussā bhuñjanti, kiṃ tumhe mayā saddhiṃ imasmiṃ gehe keḷiṃ karothā’’ti bhojane upaṭṭhite leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi paharitvā palāpetvā ‘‘idaṃ manussānaṃ bhojana’’nti kaṇājakaṃ bhuñjati biḷaṅgadutiyaṃ. Vatthayānachattesupi manāpesu upaṭṭhāpitesu te manusse leḍḍudaṇḍādīhi paharanto palāpetvā sāṇāni dhāreti, jajjararathakena yāti paṇṇachattakena dhāriyamānenāti evaṃ raññā ārocite satthā tassa pubbakammaṃ kathesi.

Bhūtapubbaṃ so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi, gahapati, tagarasikhiṃ nāma paccekabuddhaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesi. ‘‘Detha samaṇassa piṇḍa’’nti vatvā so uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. Tasmiṃ kira assaddhe bāle evaṃ vatvā pakkante tassa bhariyā saddhā pasannā ‘‘cirassaṃ vata me imassa mukhato ‘dehī’ti vacanaṃ sutaṃ, ajja mama manorathaṃ pūrentī piṇḍapātaṃ dassāmī’’ti paccekabuddhassa pattaṃ gahetvā paṇītabhojanassa pūretvā adāsi. Sopi nivattamāno taṃ disvā ‘‘kiṃ, samaṇa, kiñci te laddha’’nti pattaṃ gahetvā paṇītapiṇḍapātaṃ disvā vippaṭisārī hutvā evaṃ cintesi – ‘‘varametaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dāsā vā kammakarā vā bhuñjeyyuṃ. Te hi imaṃ bhuñjitvā mayhaṃ kammaṃ karissanti, ayaṃ pana gantvā bhuñjitvā niddāyissati, naṭṭho me so piṇḍapāto’’ti. So bhātu ca pana ekaputtakaṃ sāpateyyassa kāraṇā jīvitā voropesi. So kirassa aṅguliṃ gahetvā vicaranto ‘‘idaṃ mayhaṃ pitusantakaṃ yānakaṃ, ayaṃ tassa goṇo’’tiādīni āha. Atha naṃ so seṭṭhi ‘‘idāni tāvesa evaṃ vadeti, imassa pana vuḍḍhippattakāle imasmiṃ gehe bhoge ko rakkhissatī’’ti taṃ araññaṃ netvā ekasmiṃ gacchamūle gīvāya gahetvā mūlakandaṃ viya gīvaṃ phāletvā māretvā tattheva chaḍḍesi. Idamassa pubbakammaṃ. Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi, gahapati, tagarasikhiṃ paccekabuddhaṃ piṇḍapātena paṭipādesi, tassa kammassa vipākena sattakkhattuṃ sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajji, tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena imissāyeva sāvatthiyā sattakkhattuṃ seṭṭhittaṃ kāresi. Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi, gahapati, datvā pacchā vippaṭisārī ahosi ‘varametaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ dāsā vā kammakarā vā bhuñjeyyu’nti, tassa kammassa vipākena nāssuḷārāya bhattabhogāya cittaṃ namati, nāssuḷārāya vatthabhogāya, nāssuḷārāya yānabhogāya, nāssuḷārānaṃ pañcannaṃ kāmaguṇānaṃ bhogāya cittaṃ namati. Yaṃ kho so, mahārāja, seṭṭhi, gahapati, bhātu ca pana ekaputtaṃ sāpateyyassa kāraṇā jīvitā voropesi, tassa kammassa vipākena bahūni vassasatāni bahūni vassasahassāni bahūni vassasatasahassāni niraye paccittha, tasseva kammassa vipākāvasesena idaṃ sattamaṃ aputtakaṃ sāpateyyaṃ rājakosaṃ paveseti. Tassa kho pana, mahārāja, seṭṭhissa gahapatissa purāṇañca puññaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ, navañca puññaṃ anupacitaṃ. Ajja pana, mahārāja, seṭṭhi, gahapati, mahāroruve niraye paccatī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 1.131).

Rājā satthu vacanaṃ sutvā ‘‘aho, bhante, bhāriyaṃ kammaṃ, ettake nāma bhoge vijjamāne neva attanā paribhuñji, na tumhādise buddhe dhuravihāre viharante puññakammaṃ akāsī’’ti āha . Satthā ‘‘evametaṃ, mahārāja, dummedhapuggalā nāma bhoge labhitvā nibbānaṃ na gavesanti, bhoge nissāya uppannataṇhā panete dīgharattaṃ hanatī’’ti vatvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

355.

‘‘Hananti bhogā dummedhaṃ, no ca pāragavesino;

Bhogataṇhāya dummedho, hanti aññeva attana’’nti.

Tattha no ca pāragavesinoti ye pana nibbānapāragavesino puggalā, na te bhogā hananti. Aññeva attananti bhoge nissāya uppannāya taṇhāya duppañño puggalo pare viya attānameva hanatīti attho.

Desanāvasāne bahū sotāpattiphalādīni pāpuṇiṃsūti.

Aputtakaseṭṭhivatthu ekādasamaṃ.

12. Aṅkuravatthu

Tiṇadosānīti imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ satthā paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ viharanto aṅkuraṃ ārabbha kathesi. Vatthu ‘‘ye jhānappasutā dhīrā’’ti (dha. pa. 181) gāthāya vitthāritameva. Vuttañhetaṃ tattha indakaṃ ārabbha. So kira anuruddhattherassa antogāmaṃ piṇḍāya paviṭṭhassa attano ābhataṃ kaṭacchumattakaṃ bhikkhaṃ dāpesi. Tadassa puññaṃ aṅkurena dasavassasahassāni dvādasayojanikaṃ uddhanapantiṃ katvā dinnadānato mahapphalataraṃ jātaṃ. Tasmā evamāha. Evaṃ vutte satthā, ‘‘aṅkura, dānaṃ nāma viceyya dātuṃ vaṭṭati, evaṃ taṃ sukhette suvuttabījaṃ viya mahapphalaṃ hoti. Tvaṃ pana tathā nākāsi, tena te dānaṃ na mahapphalaṃ jāta’’nti imamatthaṃ vibhāvento –

‘‘Viceyya dānaṃ dātabbaṃ, yattha dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ;

Viceyya dānaṃ sugatappasatthaṃ,

Ye dakkhiṇeyyā idha jīvaloke;

Etesu dinnāni mahapphalāni,

Bījāni vuttāni yathāsukhette’’ti. (pe. va. 329) –

Vatvā uttarimpi dhammaṃ desento imā gāthā abhāsi –

356.

‘‘Tiṇadosāni khettāni, rāgadosā ayaṃ pajā;

Tasmā hi vītarāgesu, dinnaṃ hoti mahapphalaṃ.

357.

‘‘Tiṇadosāni khettāni, dosadosā ayaṃ pajā;

Tasmā hi vītadosesu, dinnaṃ hoti mahapphalaṃ.

358.

‘‘Tiṇadosāni khettāni, mohadosā ayaṃ pajā;

Tasmā hi vītamohesu, dinnaṃ hoti mahapphalaṃ.

359.

‘‘Tiṇadosāni khettāni, icchādosā ayaṃ pajā;

Tasmā hi vigaticchesu, dinnaṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti.

Tattha tiṇadosānīti sāmākādīni tiṇāni uṭṭhahantāni pubbaṇṇāparaṇṇāni khettāni dūsenti, tena tāni na bahuphalāni honti. Evaṃ sattānampi anto rāgo uppajjanto satte dūseti, tena tesu dinnaṃ mahapphalaṃ na hoti . Khīṇāsavesu dinnaṃ pana mahapphalaṃ hoti. Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘Tiṇadosāni khettāni, rāgadosā ayaṃ pajā;

Tasmā hi vītarāgesu, dinnaṃ hoti mahapphala’’nti. –

Sesagāthāsupi eseva nayo.

Desanāvasāne aṅkuro ca indako ca sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahiṃsu, sampattānampi sātthikā dhammadesanā ahosīti.

Aṅkuravatthu dvādasamaṃ.

Taṇhāvaggavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Catuvīsatimo vaggo.

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